NATO’nun Arktik’te İklim Değişikliğini Güvenlikleştirmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 20 Sayı: 47, 83 - 98, 26.04.2024

Sevgi Balkan Şahin , Özge Çetiner

https://doi.org/10.17752/guvenlikstrtj.1430911

Öz

Bu çalışma, Kuzey Atlantik Antlaşması Örgütü’nün (NATO) Arktik’teki iklim değişikliğini nasıl ve neden güvenlikleştirdiğini analiz etmektedir. Çalışma, iklim değişikliğinin yalnızca Arktik’in çevresel güvenliğini tehlikeye atmakla kalmayıp, aynı zamanda bir tehdit çarpanı olarak bölgenin kaynakları ve ticaret yolları üzerindeki jeopolitik rekabeti de yoğunlaştırdığını ortaya koymaktadır. Bölgenin “iş birliği cephesinden” “rekabet alanına” doğru değişen yapısının etkisine dikkat çeken çalışma, NATO’nun artan jeopolitik rekabetle birlikte Arktik politikasında bütünsel bir yaklaşım geliştirmek için iklim değişikliğini örgütsel kimliğinin kolektif savunma boyutunun bir parçası olarak gördüğünü ele almaktadır. Kopenhag Okulu ve sosyal inşacılıktan yola çıkan çalışma, NATO’nun iklim değişikliğini örgütsel kimliği kapsamında ele almak için tehdidi somutlaştıran güvenlikleştirme söylemlerine başvurduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

NATO, İklim Değişikliği, Sosyal İnşacılık, Kopenhag Okulu, Örgütsel Kimlik

NATO’s Securitisation of Climate Change in the Arctic

Öz

This study analyses how and why the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) securitises climate change in the Arctic. The study recognises that climate change has not only endangered the environmental security of the Arctic but has also intensified geopolitical competition over the region’s resources and trade routes as a threat multiplier. Regarding the impact of the changing structure of the region from the “cooperation front” to the “competition area”, the study reveals that NATO considers climate change as a part of the collective defence dimension of its organizational identity, along with increasing geopolitical competition, to develop an integrated approach in its Arctic policy. Drawing on the Copenhagen School and social constructivism, the study presents that NATO resorts to securitisation discourses that concretise the threat to address climate change within the scope of its organizational identity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

NATO, Climate Change, Social Constructivism, Copenhagen School, Organizational Identity

Kaynakça

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