ACTIVATION STRATEGIES TO STRUGGLE AGAINST YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT: ARE THEY STRONG POLICY INSTRUMENTS FOR TRANSITION TO EMPLOYMENT?

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 11, 76 - 105, 15.04.2016

Banu Metin

Öz

Because of its high level relative to general and adult unemployment rates, youth un-employment has been a major concern for many developing and developed countries. Failure to effectively benefit from the potential of youth population brings along signifi-cant costs in economic and social fields. There is no doubt that this situation plays an important role in the fight against youth unemployment in many countries to take the first place among the political priorities.

Education policies, economic policies and labor market policies are the major policy fields standing out for the fight against youth unemployment. In this paper, it is tried to be determined that how strong policy options are activation strategies and active labor market policies that have gained much importance in recent years in OECD and EU countries to struggle against youth unemployment. In this context, the findings of vari-ous studies trying to determine the effectiveness of activation strategies to struggle against youth unemployment are evaluated. As a result of this evaluation, while it is identified that different activation strategies have different results in terms of employ-ment effects, it is seen that activations strategies, generally, have modestly positive employment effects.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Youth Unemployment, Struggle Against Youth Unemployment, Activation Strategies, Active Labor Market Policies

GENÇ İŞSİZLİĞİ İLE MÜCADELEDE AKTİFLEŞTİRME STRATEJİLERİ: İSTİHDAMA GEÇİŞTE GÜÇLÜ BİR POLİTİKA ARACI MI?

Öz

Genç işsizliği ile mücadelede eğitim politikaları, ekonomi politikaları ve işgücü piyasası politikaları öne çıkan başlıca politika alanlarıdır. Bu çalışmada, son yıllarda OECD ve AB ülkelerinde politika düzeyinde önemi giderek artan aktifleştirme stratejilerinin ve bu kapsamda aktif işgücü piyasası politikalarının genç işsizliği ile mücadelede ne derece güçlü bir politika seçeneği olduğu tespit edilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Bu kapsamda, aktifleştirme uygulamalarının spesifik olarak genç işsizliği ile mücadeledeki etkinliğini tespit etmeye yönelik çeşitli araştırmaların bulguları değerlendirilmektedir. Yapılan değerlendirme sonucunda, farklı türlerdeki aktifleştirme uygulamalarının istihdama etkisi bakımından farklı sonuçlara sahip olduğu tespit edilmekle birlikte, genel olarak pozitif istihdam etkisinin sınırlı düzeyde kaldığı görülmektedir.

Genç işsizliği, birçok gelişmekte olan ve gelişmiş ülkede genel ve yetişkin işsizlik oranlarının oldukça üzerinde seyretmesi nedeniyle önemli bir endişe kaynağıdır. Genç nüfus potansiyelinden etkin şekilde yararlanamamak ekonomik ve toplumsal alanda ciddi maliyetleri de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu durum şüphesiz, genç işsizliği ile mücadelenin birçok ülkenin politik öncelikleri arasında ilk sıralarda yer almasında önemli rol oynamaktadır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler: Genç İşsizliği, Genç işsizliği ile Mücadele,  Aktifleştirme Stratejisi, Aktif İşgücü Piyasası Politikaları

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Genç İşsizliği, Genç işsizliği ile Mücadele, Aktifleştirme Stratejisi, Aktif İşgücü Piyasası Politikaları

Kaynakça

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