Cyclotrichium niveum (dağ nanesi) esansiyel yağının buğday samanı in vitro sindirilebilirliğine ve rumen mikrobiyal fermantasyonuna etkisi

Yıl 2021, , 526 - 533, 25.12.2021

Zeynep Şahan

https://doi.org/10.29050/harranziraat.989528

Öz

Bu çalışmada Cyclotrichium niveum uçucu yağının farklı dozlarının (0, 50, 100 ve 150 mg L^-1 kültür sıvısı) rumen mikrobiyal fermantasyonu ve buğday samanının in vitro gerçek sindirilebilirliği üzerindeki etkilerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla 40:60 konsantre yem ile beslenen fistüle inekten alınan seyreltilmiş rumen sıvısında buğday samanı 48 saat Daisy inkübatörde inkübe edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre tüm Cyclotrichium niveum esansiyel yağı dozlarının, buğday samanının in vitro HS (ham selüloz), OM (organik madde) ve NDF (nötr deterjan lif) sindirilebilirliğini önemli ölçüde artırdığı (P<0.001; P<0.01 ve P<0.001) belirlenmiştir. Buğday samanı kuru madde sindirilebilirliğinin (KMS), Cyclotrichium niveum uçucu yağı ilavesinden etkilenmediği görülmüştür (P>0.05). Cyclotrichium niveum esansiyel yağının, rumen fermantasyonu son ürünlerini olumsuz yönde etkilediği; ölçülen rumen uçucu yağ asitleri miktarlarının (UYA: asetat, propiyonat, butirat, izobütirik asit, valerat ve izovalerat) kontrol grubuna kıyasla önemli ölçüde azaldığı saptanmıştır (P<0.001; P<0.01). Cyclotrichium niveum esansiyel yağının ilavesinin, rumen sıvısındaki CO2 miktarını önemli ölçüde düşürdüğü (P<0.001), rumendeki CH4 gazının, kontrol grubuna kıyasla 50 ppm'lik muamele grubu dışında tüm diğer muamele gruplarında önemli ölçüde azaldığı belirlenmiştir (P <0.001). Sonuç olarak, Cyclotrichium niveum esansiyel yağının tüm dozları ile rumen fermentasyon parametrelerinin son ürünleri önemli ölçüde azalırken, rumen pH'ının arttığı (P<0.05), buğday samanı ile inkübe edilen Cyclotrichium niveum esansiyel yağının buğday samanının in vitro sindirilebilirliklerini ve işkembenin genel fermantasyon sürecini önemli ölçüde etkilediği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ankom, Cyclotrichium niveum, sindirilebilirlik, buğday samanı, esansiyel yağ

Destekleyen Kurum

Adıyaman Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi

Proje Numarası

KMYOBAP / 2014-0003

Teşekkür

Yazar, Adıyaman Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri (KMYOBAP / 2014-0003) birimine desteklerinden dolayı teşekkür eder.

Effect of Cyclotrichium niveum (mountain mint) essential oil on in vitro digestibility of wheat straw and rumen microbial fermentation

Öz

In this study different doses (0, 50, 100, and 150 mg L^-1 of culture fluid) of Cyclotrichium niveum essential oil was incubated 48 hours with wheat straw in diluted ruminal fluid takes from fistulated cow fed with a 40:60 concentrate:forage diet in order to assess the effects on rumen microbial fermentation and in vitro true digestibility of wheat straw. True digestibility of wheat straw was determined in ANKOM Daisy Incubator. All doses of Cyclotrichium niveum significantly increased the in vitro CF (crude fiber), OM (organic matter) and NDF (neutral detergent fiber) digestibility of wheat straw (P<0.001; P<0.01 and P<0.001). Dry matter digestibility (DMD) of wheat straw was not statistically affected by Cyclotrichium niveum essential oil (P>0.05). Cyclotrichium niveum essential oil negatively affected end-products of rumen fermentation; the value of the measured rumen volatile fatty acids (VFA: acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyric acid, valerate and isovalerate) significantly decreased compared to the control group (P<0.001; P<0.01). The addition of Cyclotrichium niveum essential oil significantly reduces the CO2 in rumen fluid (P<0.001). CH4 gas in the rumen was significantly reduced in all treatment groups except the 50 ppm treatment group compared to the control group (P < 0.001).While end-products of rumen fermentation parameters significantly decreased with all doses of Cyclotrichium niveum essential oil, rumen pH has increased (P<0.05). As a result it was observed that Cyclotricium niveum essential oil incubated with wheat straw significantly affects the in vitro digestibility of wheat straw and the overall fermentation process of rumen.

Anahtar Kelimeler

ankom, Cyclotrichium niveum, digestibility, wheat straw, essential oil

Proje Numarası

KMYOBAP / 2014-0003

Kaynakça

• Agarwal, N., Shekhar, C., Kumar, R., Chaudhary, L.C., Kamra, D.N. (2009). Effect of peppermint (Mentha piperita) oil on in vitro methanogenesis and fermentation of feed with buffalo rumen liquor. Animal Feed Science Technology, 148, 321-327.
• Alim, A., Goze, I., Çetin, A., Atas, A.D., Vural, N. and Dönmez, E. (2009). Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil of Cyclotrichium niveum (Boiss.) Manden. Et Scheng. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 3, 422-425.
• ANKOM Technology. (2005). In Vitro True Digestibility Using the DAISYII Incubator. ANKOM Technology
• AOAC. (2007). Official Methods of Analysis. 19th ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists; Washington, DC
• Belanche, A., Kingston-Smith, A.H., Griffith, G.W. and Newbold, C.J. (2019). A Multi-Kingdom Study Reveals the Plasticity of the Rumen Microbiota in Response to a Shift from Non-grazing to Grazing Diets in Sheep. Front Microbiology, 10, 122
• Belanche, A., Ramos-Morales, E., and Newbold, C.J. (2016). In vitro screening of natural feed additives from crustaceans, diatoms, seaweeds and plant extracts to manipulate rumen fermentation. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 96, 3069–3078.
• Benchaar, C. (2011). Greathead, H. Essential oils and opportunities to mitigate enteric methane emissions from ruminants. Animal Feed Science Technology, 166, 338–355.
• Benchaar, C., Calsamiglia, S., Chaves, A.V., Fraser, G.R., Colombatto, D., McAllister, T.A. and Beauchemin, K.A. (2008). A review of plant-derived essential oils in ruminant nutrition and production. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 145, 209-228.
• Benchaar, C., Hassanat, F., and Petit, H.V. (2015). Dose-response to eugenol supplementation to dairy cow diets: methane production, N excretion, ruminal fermentation, nutrient digestibility, milk production, and milk fatty acid profile. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 209, 51–59
• Boadi, D., Benchaar, C., Chiquette, J., Massé, D. (2004). Mitigation strategies to reduce enteric methane emissions from dairy cows: Update review. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 84, 319–335.
• Bodas, R., Prieto, N., García-González, R., Andrés, S., Giráldez, F.J., López, S. (2012). Manipulation of rumen fermentation and methane production with plant secondary metabolites. Animal Feed Science Technology, 176, 78–93.
• Broudiscou, L.P. and Lassalas, B. (2000). Effects of Lavandula officinalis and Equisetum arvense dry extracts and isoquercitrin on the fermentation of diets varying in forage contents by rumen micro-organisms in batch culture. Reproduction Nutrition Development, 40, 431–440.
• Calsamiglia, S., Busquet, M., Cardozo, P.W., Castillejos, L. and Ferret, A. (2007). Invited review: Essential oils as modifiers of rumen microbial fermentation. Journal of Dairy Science, 90(6), 2580-2595.
• Cardozo, P.W., Calsamiglia, S., Ferret, A. and Kamel, C. (2004). Effects of natural plant extracts on ruminal protein degradation and fermentation profiles in continuous culture. Journal of Animal Science, 82(11), 3230-3236.
• Cardozo, P.W., Calsamiglia, S., Ferret, A. and Kamel, C. (2005). Screening for the effects of natural plant extracts at different pH on in vitro rumen microbial fermentation of a high-concentrate diet for beef cattle. Journal of Animal Science, 83(11), 2572–2579.
• Chaves, A.V., Stanford, K., Dugan, M.E.R., Gibson, L.L., McAllister, T.A., Van Herk, F. and Benchaar, C. (2008). Effects of cinnamaldehyde, garlic and juniper berry essential oils on rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, growth performance, and carcass characteristics of growing lambs. Livestock Science, 117, 215-224.
• Gulcin, I., Tel, A.Z. and Kirecci, E. (2008). Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, Antifungal, and Antiradical Activities of Cyclotrichium Niveum (BOISS.) Manden and Scheng, International Journal of Food Properties, 11(2), 450-471.
• Gursoy, N., Sihoglu-Tepe, A., and Tepe, B. (2009). Determination of in vitro antioxidative and antimicrobial properties and total phenolic contents of Ziziphora clinopodioides, Cyclotrichium niveum and Mentha longifolia ssp. typhoides var. typhoides. Journal of Medicinal Food, 12(3), 684-689.
• Hungate, R.E., Fletcher, J.W., Doughery, R.W., and Barrentine, B.F., (1954). Microbial Activity in the Bovine Rumen: Its Measurement and Relation to Bloat. Applied Microbiology, 3(3), 161-173.
• Kamalak, A., Canbolat, Ö., Özkan, Ç.Ö., Atalay, A. (2011). Effect of thymol on in vitro gas production, digestibility and metabolizable energy content of alfalfa hay. Kafkas Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2), 211-216.
• Kamel, C., Greathead, H.M.R., Tejido, M.L., Ranilla, M.J. and Carro, M.D. (2007). Effects of allicin and diallyl disulfi de on in vitro rumen fermentation of a mixed diet. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 145, 351-363.
• Khiaosa-ard, R. and Zebeli, Q. (2013). Meta-analysis of the effects of essential oils and their bioactive compounds on rumen fermentation characteristics and feed efficiency in ruminants. Journal of Animal Science, 91(4), 1819-1830.
• Kim, H., Jung, E., Lee, H. G., Kim, B., Cho, S., Lee, S., Kwon, I., and Seo, J. (2019). Essential oil mixture on rumen fermentation and microbial community - an in vitro study. Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences, 32(6), 808–814.
• Malecky, M., Broudiscou, L.P. and Schmidely, P. (2009). Effects of two levels of monoterpene blend on rumen fermentation, terpene and nutrient flows in the duodenum and milk production in dairy goats. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 154, 24-35.
• Matloup O, El Tawab AMA, Hassan A, et al. (2017). Performance of lactating Friesian cows fed a diet supplemented with coriander oil: feed intake, nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation, blood chemistry, and milk production. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 226, 88-97
• Nasab, M.E, Naserian, A.A, Vakili, A.R, Tahmasbi, A.M. (2018). Effect of using Essential Oils of Ziziphora Clinopodioides and Mentha Pulegium As Additive on In Vitro Study. Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 15 (1).
• Önenç, S.S., Açıkgöz, Z., Kırkpınar, F., Küme, T., Tuğalay, Ç.Ş. and Bayraktar, Ö.H. (2016). Chemical Compositions and Antioxidant Activities of The Essential Oils of Some Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Journal of Animal Production, 57(2), 7-14.
• Ornaghi, M.G., Passetti,R.A.C., Torrecilhas, J.A., Mottin, C., Vital A.C.P., Gurerrero, A., Sañudo, C., Campo, M.M. and Prado, I.N., (2017)Essential oils in the diet of young bulls: Effect on animal performance, digestibility,temperament, feeding behaviour and carcass characteristics. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 234, 274-283.
• Patra, A.K. and Yu, Z. (2012). Effects of Essential Oils on Methane Production and Fermentation by, and Abundance and Diversity of, Rumen Microbial Populations. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 78(12), 4271-4280.
• Tager, L. R., and Krause, K. M. (2011). Effects of essential oils on rumen fermentation, milk production, and feeding behavior in lactating dairy cows. Journal of dairy science, 94(5), 2455–2464.
• Van Soest, P.J. (1963). The use of detergents in the analysis of fibre feeds. II. A rapid method for the determination of fibre and lignin. Journal of Association of the Official Analytical Chemists, 46, 829-835.
• Van Soest, P.J. and Wine, R.H. (1975). The use of detergents in the analysis of fibre feeds. IV. Determination of plant cell wall constituents. Journal of Association of the Official Analytical Chemists, 50, 50-55.
• Wallace, R.J. (2004). Antimicrobial properties of plant secondary metabolites. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 63, 621-629.
• Wang, C.J., Wang, S.P., Zhou, H. (2009). Influences of flavomycin, ropadiar, and 525 saponin on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and methane emission from 526 sheep. Animal Feed Science Technology, 148, 157-166.
• Yadeghari, S., Malecky, M., Dehghan Banadaky, M. and Navidshad, B. (2015). Evaluating in vitro dose-response effects of Lavandula officinalis essential oil on rumen fermentation characteristics, methane production and ruminal acidosis. Veterinary Research Forum, 6(4), 285-293.