Residual Feed Intake in Animal Nutrition

Yıl 2023, , 85 - 92, 23.01.2024

Mahmoud O. A. Elfaki , Ünal Kılıç

https://doi.org/10.29185/hayuretim.1100009

Öz

Although there are different units used in the evaluation of feed by animals, the studies that used the residual feed intake is noted to be quite limited. Residual feed intake is defined as the difference between an animal's actual feed intake and expected feed intake depending on its size and growth. This study aims to present the current situation regarding residual feed intake in animal nutrition and to provide information about the usability of residual feed intake. In this context, the subject is discussed in detail by focusing on the physiological basis of residual feed intake, some units in defining feed efficiency, residual feed intake calculation models, residual feed intake practices in some livestock, and the economic and environmental benefits of residual feed intake selection. In the limited study conducted on residual feed intake, it is reported that breeding studies can be carried out by using residual feed intake (animal selection), that the animals with the least dry matter intake can be determined among the animals with the same yield, and that positive effects on the growth rate can be achieved by using the residual feed intake unit. In addition, it is thought that residual feed intake can be preferred in ruminants in terms of providing very important contributions to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and considering the advantages and successful results in animal nutrition, the use of residual feed intake will become widespread worldwide.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dry Matter Intake, Residual Feed Intake, Selection, Maintenance, Feed Efficiency, Feed Conversion

Hayvan Beslemede Rezidüel Yem Tüketimi

Öz

Yemlerin hayvanlar tarafından değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan farklı birimler bulunmakla birlikte, rezidüel yem tüketiminin kullanıldığı çalışmaların oldukça sınırlı olduğu dikkati çekmektedir. Rezidüel yem tüketimi bir hayvanın gerçek yem tüketimi ile onun cüssesine ve büyümesine bağlı olarak beklenen yem tüketimi arasındaki fark olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hayvan beslemede rezidüel yem tüketimine ilişkin mevcut durumu ortaya koymak ve rezidüel yem tüketiminin kullanılabilirliği hakkında bilgi vermektir. Bu bağlamda rezidüel yem tüketiminde fizyolojik temeller, yemin kullanım etkinliğini tanımlamada bazı birimler, rezidüel yem tüketimi hesaplama modelleri, bazı çiftlik hayvanlarında rezidüel yem tüketimi uygulamaları, rezidüel yem tüketimi seçiminin ekonomik ve çevresel faydaları üzerinde durularak konu detaylı olarak ele alınmıştır. Yapılan sınırlı sayıdaki çalışmada rezidüel yem tüketiminden faydalanılarak hayvan ıslah çalışmalarının yürütülebileceği (hayvan seçimi), aynı verime sahip olan hayvanlar arasında kuru madde tüketimi en az olanların belirlenebileceği ve rezidüel yem tüketimi biriminin kullanılması sayesinde büyüme oranı üzerinde olumlu etkilerin sağlanabileceği bildirilmektedir. Ayrıca rezidüel yem tüketiminin sera gazı emisyonunu azaltmada oldukça önemli katkılar sağlaması bakımından da ruminantlarda tercih edilebilir nitelikte olduğu, hayvan beslemedeki avantajları ve başarılı sonuçlar da dikkate alındığında rezidüel yem tüketimi kullanımının dünya çapında yaygınlaşacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kuru Madde Tüketimi, Rezidüel Yem Tüketimi, Seleksiyon, Yaşama Payı, Yem Etkinliği, Yemden Yararlanma

Kaynakça

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