Usage and Effects of Linoleic and Oleic Types of Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Seeds in Ruminant Feeding

Öz

In this review, the effects of linoleic and oleic types of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L .) seeds in animal feeding were evaluated. Safflower is an important agricultural product that has the potential to be used in alternative/complementary medicine, food and some industrial areas in terms of its seed oil contents and quality. In addition, due to the use of safflower in animal diet as herbage, silage, residues, seeds, by-product after harvest, it provides safflower the feature of an animal feed. In recent studies, it is noteworthy that researches have increased on the positive or negative effects of the feed fatty acids profile (oleic or linoleic acids, etc.) on the yield and body characteristics of animals and the results of these reflections on animal products and human health. The fat content of the safflower plant is generally in the range of 20-45% depending on the varieties and there are linoleic (omega-6) and oleic (omega-9) types depending on the predominance of the fatty acid types. Based on the studies, it has shown that feeding of full-fat safflower seeds can create changes in both milk and meat fatty acid profiles of animals and especially increased levels of unsaturated fatty acid types. In addition, it has been determined that feeding safflower seed with high oleic content increases the milk fat content and feeding safflower seed with high linoleic content increases the amount of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) in animal products. Thus, it is considered that a positive improvement can be seen in the health of people who consume such products based on the results of the studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Safflower
• Seed
• Oleic acid
• Linoleic acid
• Feed
• Nutrient

Oleik ve Linoleik Tip Aspir Tohumlarının (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Ruminant Beslemede Kullanımı ve Etkileri

Öz

Bu derlemede oleik ve linoleik tip aspir (Carthamus tinctorius L.) tohumlarının ruminant beslemedeki kullanımı ve etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Aspir bitkisi, tohumundaki yağ içeriği ve kalitesi yönüyle alternatif-tamamlayıcı tıpta, gıda ve kimi endüstride kullanım potansiyeline sahip önemli bir tarım ürünüdür. Ayrıca, yeşil ot, silajı ve samanı olarak, olgunlaşma sonrası elde edilen tohumları ve tohum yan ürünlerinin hayvan beslemede kullanım alanı bulması aspire bir yem bitkisi olma özelliği de kazandırmaktadır. Son dönem çalışmalarında yem yağ asitleri profilinin, hayvanların verim ve vücut özellikleri ile hayvansal ürün ve insan sağlığı üzerindeki olumlu veya olumsuz yansımalarına dair araştırmaların artmış olması dikkat çekicidir. Aspir bitkisinin yağ oranı varyetelerine göre genel olarak %20-45 aralığında değişebilmektedir ve içeriklerindeki yağ asidi tipi baskınlığına bağlı olarak oleik (omega-9) ve linoleik (omega-6) tipleri vardır. Yapılan çalışmalar, tam yağlı aspir tohumu ile beslemenin hayvanların hem süt hem de et yağ asidi profillerinde değişim oluşturabildiğini ve özellikle doymamış yağ asidi tiplerinin artış gösterdiği, ayrıca oleik tip aspir tohumu içeriği yüksek rasyonla beslemenin süt yağı oranını, linoleik tip aspir tohumu içeriği yüksek rasyonla beslemenin ise hayvansal ürünlerde konjuge linoleik asit oranını artırdığı da belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen bu sonuçlar neticesinde bu tür ürünleri tüketen insanların sağlıklarında olumlu gelişmelerin görülebileceği değerlendirilmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aspir
• Tohum
• Linoleik asit
• Oleik asit
• Yem
• Besin maddesi

Kaynakça

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