Interventions to Reduce Pain During Arteriovenous Fistula Cannulation in Hemodialysis Patients

Öz

Patients undergoing hemodialysis often experience pain due to arteriovenous fistula cannulation. Alleviating this pain may improve patients’ psychological well-being, adherence to treatment, satisfaction, and overall quality of life. This literature review aims to present the methods used to reduce arteriovenous fistula cannulation-related pain and provide recommendations on the topic. This study was conducted as a literature review between March 1 and March 20, 2025. The literature search was performed using the following databases: Embase, EBSCO, CINAHL, Cochrane, Medline/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Ulakbim, DergiPark, and Google Scholar. The keywords used were “hemodialysis,” “arteriovenous fistula cannulation,” and “pain” in the international literature, and “hemodiyaliz,” “arteriyovenöz fistül kanülasyonu,” and “ağrı” in the national literature. As a result of the screening, 244 studies were identified, and the study was completed by reviewing 14 articles thatmet the inclusion criteria. The PRISMA statement was used in the development of the protocol and the writing of the article. The methodological quality assessment of the included articles was conducted using the checklists developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. This literature review found that pain experienced by patients during arteriovenous fistula cannulation in ongoing hemodialysis treatment can be reduced through the use of topical anesthetic agents, topical cold applications, sprays with cooling effects, distraction techniques (e.g., watching films, audiovisual stimuli, use of stress balls), and the application of lavender oil either topically or via inhalation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pain;
• Arteriovenous Fistula Cannulation;
• Hemodialysis;
• Systematic Reviews

Hemodiyaliz Hastalarında Arteriovenöz Fistül Kanülasyonuna Bağlı Ağrının Azaltılmasına Yönelik Müdahaleler/Interventions to Reduce Pain During Arteriovenous Fistula Cannulation in Hemodialysis Patients

Öz

Hemodiyaliz hastaları, arteriyovenöz fistül kanülasyonuna bağlı olarak sıklıkla ağrı yaşamaktadır. Bu ağrının giderilmesi, hastaların psikolojik açıdan daha iyi hissetmelerini, tedaviye uyumlarını, memnuniyetlerini ve yaşam kalitelerini artırabilir. Bu literatür incelemesi ile arteriyovenöz fistül kanülasyonuna bağlı ağrıyı azaltmaya yönelik kullanılan yöntemlerin ve bu konudaki önerilerin topluca sunulması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu çalışma, bir literatür incelemesi olarak 1-20 Mart 2025 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tarama işlemleri; Embase, EBSCO, CINAHL, Cochrane, Medline/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Ulakbim, DergiPark ve Google Akademik veri tabanlarında yapılmıştır. Uluslararası literatür taramalarında “hemodialysis”, “arteriovenous fistula cannulation” ve “pain” terimleri; ulusal literatürde ise “hemodiyaliz”, “arteriyovenöz fistül kanülasyonu” ve “ağrı” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılmıştır. Tarama sonucunda 244 çalışmaya ulaşılmış, dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 14 makale incelenerek çalışma tamamlanmıştır.Protokolün oluşturulması ve makalenin yazımında PRISMA bildirimi esas alınmıştır. Dâhil edilen makalelerin metadolojik kalite değerlendirmesi “Joanna Briggs Institute” tarafından geliştirilen kontrol listeleriyle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Literatür incelemesi sonucunda, hemodiyaliz tedavisi süren hastaların arteriyovenöz fistül kanülasyonu sırasında yaşadığı ağrının; topikal anestezik ajanlar, topikal soğuk uygulamalar, soğuk spreyler, dikkat dağıtıcı yöntemler (film izleme, görsel-işitsel uyaranlar, stres topu kullanımı vb.) ve lavanta yağının topikal ya da inhalasyon yoluyla uygulanması gibi yöntemlerle azaltılabildiği bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ağrı;
• ArteriyovenözF istül Kanülasyonu;
• Hemodiyaliz;
• Sistematik Derleme

Kaynakça

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