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Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Pandemi Döneminde Değişen Yaşam ve Anksiyete Durumuna Bütüncül Bir Yaklaşım: Pozitif Psikoterapiyi Kullanan Tanımlayıcı Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2024, , 349 - 357, 30.08.2024
https://doi.org/10.5961/higheredusci.1440150

Öz

Pozitif psikoterapinin yaşam denge modeline göre insan yaşamının dört boyutu bulunmaktadır: beden, başarı, ilişkiler ve maneviyat. Bu boyutlar denge içinde olduğunda, insanlar sağlıklı ve üretkendir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 pandemisinin hemşirelik öğrencilerinin anksiyete düzeyleri ve yaşam dengesi üzerindeki etkisini belirlemektir. Kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipteki bu çalışma, Türkiye'de 3 farklı üniversitede öğrenim gören 584 hemşirelik öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcılar, pandemi öncesi ve sırasında yaşam dengesi modelinin başarı, beden, ilişkiler ve maneviyat boyutlarında anlamlı değişiklikler yaşamışlardır. Bu boyutlardaki değişikliklerle birlikte katılımcıların anksiyeteleri artmıştır. Bu sonuçlara dayanarak öğrencilerin ihmal ettiği yaşam boyutlarındaki ihtiyaçların karşılanması için öğrencilere destek olunması yararlı olacaktır. Ayrıca hemşirelikte ilk kez kullanılan yaşam dengesi modelinin hemşirelik uygulamalarında bir araç olarak geliştirilebileceği düşünülmektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Agu, C. F., Stewart, J., McFarlane‐Stewart, N., & Rae, T. (2021). COVID‐19 pandemic effects on nursing education: Looking through the lens of a developing country. International Nursing Review, 68(2), 153-158. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12663
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  • Aslan, H., & Pekince, H. (2021). Nursing students’ views on the COVID‐19 pandemic and their percieved stress levels. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(2), 695–701. https://doi.org/10.1111/ ppc.12597
  • Aypay, A., & Ahmet, K. (2018). Development of the balanced life scale and the balanced life basic skills scale in the context of positive psychotherapy balance model. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 8(3), 63-79. https://doi.org/10.19126/suje.408531
  • Baceviciene, M., & Jankauskiene, R. (2021). Changes in sociocultural attitudes towards appearance, body image, eating attitudes and behaviours, physical activity, and quality of life in students before and during COVID-19 lockdown. Appetite, 166, 105452. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105452
  • Bayındır, S. K., & Biçer, S. (2019). Holistic nursing care. İzmir Katip Çelebi University Faculty of Health Siences Journal, 4(1), 25-29.
  • Chakraborty, P., Mittal, P., Gupta, M. S., Yadav, S., & Arora, A. (2021). Opinion of students on online education during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 3(3), 357-365. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.240
  • Chandratre, S. (2020). Medical students and COVID-19: Challenges and supportive strategies. Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development, 7, 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1177/238212 0520935059
  • DeRossett, T., LaVoie, D. J., & Brooks, D. (2021). Religious coping amidst a pandemic: Impact on COVID-19-related anxiety. Journal of Religion and Health, 60(5), 3161-3176. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10943-021-01385-5
  • Dobiała, E., & Winkler, P. (2016). Positive psychotherapy’according to Seligman and ‘Positive Psychotherapy’ according to Peseschkian: A comparison. International Journal of Psychotherapy, 20 (3), 5-17.
  • Dubey, S., Biswas, P., Ghosh, R., Chatterjee, S., Dubey, M. J., Chatterjee, S., Lahiri, D., & Lavie, C. J. (2020). Psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 14(5), 779-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.035
  • Elmer, T., Mepham, K., & Stadtfeld, C. (2020). Students under lockdown: Comparisons of students’ social networks and mental health before and during the COVID-19 crisis in Switzerland. PloS One, 15(7), e0236337. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0236337
  • Emami, A., Javanmardi, F., Pirbonyeh, N., & Akbari, A. (2020). Prevalence of underlying diseases in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine, 8(1), e35.
  • Eryılmaz, A. (2020). Meta Theory: Positive psychotherapy as a theory of development and psychotherapy (1st edition). Ankara: Atlas Academic Publishing.
  • Fang, X., Li, S., Yu, H., Wang, P., Zhang, Y., Chen, Z., Li,Yang., Cheng, L., Li, W., & Jia, H. (2020). Epidemiological, comorbidity factors with severity and prognosis of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging (Albany NY), 12(13), 12493. https://doi. org/10.18632/aging.103579
  • Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175-191 https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03193146 Felicilda-Reynaldo, R. F. D., Cruz, J. P., Papathanasiou, I. V., Shaji,
  • J. C. H., Kamau, S. M., Adams, K. A., & Valdez, G. F. D. (2019). Quality of life and the predictive roles of religiosity and spiritual coping among nursing students: A multi-country study. Journal of Religion and Health, 58(5), 1573-1591. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10943-019-00771-4
  • González-Sanguino, C., Ausín, B., ÁngelCastellanos, M., Saiz, J., López-Gómez, A., Ugidos, C., & Muñoz, M. (2020). Mental health consequences during the initial stage of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) in Spain. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 87, 172-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.040
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  • Karaaziz, M., & Çakıcı, E. (2019). A review of addiction concept from the perspective of positive psychotherapy. Alpha Psychiatry, Special issue.1:108-111. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.302644872
  • Kasapoğlu, F. (2020). Examination of the relationship between anxiety with spirituality, resilience and intolerance of uncertainty in the COVID-19 outbreak process. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 599-614. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44284
  • Kürtüncü , M., & Kurt, A. (2020). Problems of nursing students in distance education in the COVID-19 pandemia period. Eurasian Journal of Researches in Social and Economics, 7(5), 66-77.
  • Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., Jiang, W., Du, H., Chen,T., Li,R., Tan H., Kang, L., Yao, L., Huang, M., Wang, H., Wang, G., Liu, Z., & Hu,S. (2020). Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open, 3(3), e203976. https://doi. org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
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  • Liu, H., Chen, S., Liu, M., Nie, H., & Lu, H. (2020). Comorbid chronic diseases are strongly correlated with disease severity among COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging and Disease, 11(3), 668. https://doi.org/10.14336/AD.2020.0502
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  • Mantar, A., Yemez, B., & Alkin, T. (2011). Anxiety sensitivity and its importance in psychiatric disorders. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 22(3), 187-193.
  • Naeem, F., Irfan, M., & Javed, A. (2020). Coping with COVID-19: Urgent need for building resilience through cognitive behaviour therapy. Khyber Medical University Journal, 12(1), 1-3. https:// doi.org/10.35845/kmuj.2020.20194
  • O’Neil, A., Nicholls, S. J., Redfern, J., Brown, A., & Hare, D. L. (2020). Mental health and psychosocial challenges in the COVID-19 pandemic: Food for thought for cardiovascular health care professionals. Heart, Lung and Circulation. 29, 960-963. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2020.05.002
  • Ozamiz-Etxebarria, N., Dosil-Santamaria, M., Picaza-Gorrochategui, M., & Idoiaga-Mondragon, N. (2020). Stress, anxiety, and depression levels in the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak in a population sample in the Northern Spain. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 36 (4), e00054020. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102- 311X00054020
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A Holistic Approach to Nursing Students’ Changing Life and Anxiety in the Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study Utilizing Positive Psychotherapy

Yıl 2024, , 349 - 357, 30.08.2024
https://doi.org/10.5961/higheredusci.1440150

Öz

The life balance model of positive psychotherapy states that human lives have four dimensions: body, achievement, relationships, and spirituality. When these dimensions are in balance, people are healthy and productive. This study aimed to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on nursing students’ anxiety levels and life balance. This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted with 584 nursing students studying at 3 different universities in Turkey. The participants experienced significant changes in the life balance model’s dimensions of achievement, body, relationships, and spirituality before and during the pandemic. The participants’ anxiety increased with changes in these dimensions. Based on these results, it would be beneficial to support students in order to meet the needs in the life dimensions that students neglect. In addition, it is thought that the life balance model, which is being used for the first time in nursing, can be developed as a tool in the nursing practice.

Etik Beyan

Permissions for this research were obtained from Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University’s Human Research Ethics Committee (protocol number: 795), Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, Düzce University and Sakarya University. The participants were informed about the aim of the study through online communication channels and the data collection form. The students who agreed to participate in the study were included. This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.

Kaynakça

  • Agu, C. F., Stewart, J., McFarlane‐Stewart, N., & Rae, T. (2021). COVID‐19 pandemic effects on nursing education: Looking through the lens of a developing country. International Nursing Review, 68(2), 153-158. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12663
  • Aksoy, A. & Kelleci, M. (2016). Relationship between drug compliance, coping with stress, and social support in patients with bipolar disorder. Dusunen Adam the Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences, 3(29), 210-218. https://doi:10.5350/DAJPN2016290302
  • Aslan, H., & Pekince, H. (2021). Nursing students’ views on the COVID‐19 pandemic and their percieved stress levels. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 57(2), 695–701. https://doi.org/10.1111/ ppc.12597
  • Aypay, A., & Ahmet, K. (2018). Development of the balanced life scale and the balanced life basic skills scale in the context of positive psychotherapy balance model. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 8(3), 63-79. https://doi.org/10.19126/suje.408531
  • Baceviciene, M., & Jankauskiene, R. (2021). Changes in sociocultural attitudes towards appearance, body image, eating attitudes and behaviours, physical activity, and quality of life in students before and during COVID-19 lockdown. Appetite, 166, 105452. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2021.105452
  • Bayındır, S. K., & Biçer, S. (2019). Holistic nursing care. İzmir Katip Çelebi University Faculty of Health Siences Journal, 4(1), 25-29.
  • Chakraborty, P., Mittal, P., Gupta, M. S., Yadav, S., & Arora, A. (2021). Opinion of students on online education during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 3(3), 357-365. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.240
  • Chandratre, S. (2020). Medical students and COVID-19: Challenges and supportive strategies. Journal of Medical Education and Curricular Development, 7, 1-2. https://doi.org/10.1177/238212 0520935059
  • DeRossett, T., LaVoie, D. J., & Brooks, D. (2021). Religious coping amidst a pandemic: Impact on COVID-19-related anxiety. Journal of Religion and Health, 60(5), 3161-3176. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10943-021-01385-5
  • Dobiała, E., & Winkler, P. (2016). Positive psychotherapy’according to Seligman and ‘Positive Psychotherapy’ according to Peseschkian: A comparison. International Journal of Psychotherapy, 20 (3), 5-17.
  • Dubey, S., Biswas, P., Ghosh, R., Chatterjee, S., Dubey, M. J., Chatterjee, S., Lahiri, D., & Lavie, C. J. (2020). Psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews, 14(5), 779-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.05.035
  • Elmer, T., Mepham, K., & Stadtfeld, C. (2020). Students under lockdown: Comparisons of students’ social networks and mental health before and during the COVID-19 crisis in Switzerland. PloS One, 15(7), e0236337. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pone.0236337
  • Emami, A., Javanmardi, F., Pirbonyeh, N., & Akbari, A. (2020). Prevalence of underlying diseases in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine, 8(1), e35.
  • Eryılmaz, A. (2020). Meta Theory: Positive psychotherapy as a theory of development and psychotherapy (1st edition). Ankara: Atlas Academic Publishing.
  • Fang, X., Li, S., Yu, H., Wang, P., Zhang, Y., Chen, Z., Li,Yang., Cheng, L., Li, W., & Jia, H. (2020). Epidemiological, comorbidity factors with severity and prognosis of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging (Albany NY), 12(13), 12493. https://doi. org/10.18632/aging.103579
  • Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175-191 https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03193146 Felicilda-Reynaldo, R. F. D., Cruz, J. P., Papathanasiou, I. V., Shaji,
  • J. C. H., Kamau, S. M., Adams, K. A., & Valdez, G. F. D. (2019). Quality of life and the predictive roles of religiosity and spiritual coping among nursing students: A multi-country study. Journal of Religion and Health, 58(5), 1573-1591. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10943-019-00771-4
  • González-Sanguino, C., Ausín, B., ÁngelCastellanos, M., Saiz, J., López-Gómez, A., Ugidos, C., & Muñoz, M. (2020). Mental health consequences during the initial stage of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) in Spain. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity. 87, 172-176. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.040
  • Huang, L., Lei, W., Xu, F., Liu, H., & Yu, L. (2020). Emotional responses and coping strategies in nurses and nursing students during Covid-19 outbreak: A comparative study. PloS One, 15(8), e0237303. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237303
  • Karaaziz, M., & Çakıcı, E. (2019). A review of addiction concept from the perspective of positive psychotherapy. Alpha Psychiatry, Special issue.1:108-111. https://doi.org/10.5455/apd.302644872
  • Kasapoğlu, F. (2020). Examination of the relationship between anxiety with spirituality, resilience and intolerance of uncertainty in the COVID-19 outbreak process. Turkish Studies, 15(4), 599-614. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.44284
  • Kürtüncü , M., & Kurt, A. (2020). Problems of nursing students in distance education in the COVID-19 pandemia period. Eurasian Journal of Researches in Social and Economics, 7(5), 66-77.
  • Lai, J., Ma, S., Wang, Y., Cai, Z., Hu, J., Wei, N., Jiang, W., Du, H., Chen,T., Li,R., Tan H., Kang, L., Yao, L., Huang, M., Wang, H., Wang, G., Liu, Z., & Hu,S. (2020). Factors associated with mental health outcomes among health care workers exposed to coronavirus disease 2019. JAMA Netw Open, 3(3), e203976. https://doi. org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.3976
  • Li, H. Y., Cao, H., Leung, D. Y., & Mak, Y. W. (2020). The psychological impacts of a COVID-19 outbreak on college students in China: A longitudinal study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 3933. https://doi. org/10.3390/ijerph17113933
  • Li, X., Xu, S., Yu, M., Wang, K., Tao, Y., Zhou, Y.,Shi, J., Zhou, M., Wu, B., Yang Z., Zhang, C., Yue, J., Zhang, Z., Renz,H., Liu, X., Xie, J., & Zhao, J. (2020). Risk factors for severity and mortality in adult COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 146(1), 110-118. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jaci.2020.04.006
  • Liu, H., Chen, S., Liu, M., Nie, H., & Lu, H. (2020). Comorbid chronic diseases are strongly correlated with disease severity among COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging and Disease, 11(3), 668. https://doi.org/10.14336/AD.2020.0502
  • Lucchetti, G., Góes, L. G., Amaral, S. G., Ganadjian, G. T., Andrade, I., de Araújo Almeida, P. O., do Carmo V. M., & Manso, M. E. G. (2020). Spirituality, religiosity and the mental health consequences of social isolation during COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 20764020970996. https://doi. org/10.1177/0020764020970996
  • Mantar, A., Yemez, B., & Alkin, T. (2011). Anxiety sensitivity and its importance in psychiatric disorders. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry, 22(3), 187-193.
  • Naeem, F., Irfan, M., & Javed, A. (2020). Coping with COVID-19: Urgent need for building resilience through cognitive behaviour therapy. Khyber Medical University Journal, 12(1), 1-3. https:// doi.org/10.35845/kmuj.2020.20194
  • O’Neil, A., Nicholls, S. J., Redfern, J., Brown, A., & Hare, D. L. (2020). Mental health and psychosocial challenges in the COVID-19 pandemic: Food for thought for cardiovascular health care professionals. Heart, Lung and Circulation. 29, 960-963. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2020.05.002
  • Ozamiz-Etxebarria, N., Dosil-Santamaria, M., Picaza-Gorrochategui, M., & Idoiaga-Mondragon, N. (2020). Stress, anxiety, and depression levels in the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak in a population sample in the Northern Spain. Cadernos de Saúde Pública, 36 (4), e00054020. https://doi.org/10.1590/0102- 311X00054020
  • Öner, N. (2006). Examples of psychological tests used in Turkey. A reference source (2nd edition ed.). İstanbul: Boğaziçi University Press.
  • Özden, G., & Parlar Kilic, S. (2021). The effect of social isolation during COVID-19 pandemic on nutrition and exercise behaviors of nursing students. Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 60(6), 663-681. https:// doi.org/10.1080/03670244.2021.1875456
  • Özdin, S., & Bayrak Özdin, Ş. (2020). Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkish Society: The importance of gender. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 66(5), 504-511. https://doi. org/10.1177/0020764020927051
  • Peseschkian, N. (1998). Psychotherapy with Eastern Stories. İstanbul: Beyaz Publishing. Peseschkian, N. (2002). Psychotherapy of Everyday Life (H. Fışıloğlu Ed.). İstanbul: Beyaz Publishing.
  • Poudel, K., & Subedi, P. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on socioeconomic and mental health aspects in Nepal. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 66(8), 748-755. https://doi. org/10.1177/0020764020942247
  • Qiu, J., Shen, B., Zhao, M., Wang, Z., Xie, B., & Xu, Y. (2020). A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: Implications and policy recommendations. General Psychiatry, 33(2), 1-3. https://doi. org/10.1136/gpsych-2020-100213
  • Rodríguez-Larrad, A., Mañas, A., Labayen, I., González-Gross, M., Espin, A., Aznar, S., ... & Irazusta, J. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 confinement on physical activity and sedentary behaviour in Spanish university students: Role of gender. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(2), 369. https:// doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020369
  • Rehman, U., Shahnawaz, M. G., Khan, N. H., Kharshiing, K. D., Khursheed, M., Gupta, K., Kashyap, D., & Uniyal, R. (2021). Depression, anxiety and stress among Indians in times of COVID-19 lockdown. Community Mental Health Journal, 57, 42–48. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s10597-020-00664-x
  • Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. (2020). COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 infection) general information, epidemiology and diagnosis. Retrieved November 20, 2021 from https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/ Eklenti/39551/0/covid19rehberigenelbilgilerepidemiyolojivetanipdf. pdf
  • Sarı, T. (2015). Positive psychotherapy: Its development, basic principles and methods, and applicability to Turkish culture. The Journal of Happiness & Well-Being, 3(2), 182-203.
  • Savitsky, B., Findling, Y., Ereli, A., & Hendel, T. (2020). Anxiety and coping strategies among nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurse Education in Practice, 46, 102809. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.nepr.2020.102809
  • Shigemura, J., Ursano, R. J., Morganstein, J. C., Kurosawa, M., & Benedek, D. M. (2020). Public responses to the novel 2019 coronavirus (2019‐nCoV) in Japan: Mental health consequences and target populations. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 74(4), 281. https://doi.org/10.1111/pcn.12988
  • Sun, Y., Wang, D., Han, Z., Gao, J., Zhu, S., & Zhang, H. (2020). Disease prevention knowledge, anxiety, and professional identity during COVID-19 pandemic in nursing students in Zhengzhou, China. Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing, 50(4), 533-540. https:// doi.org/0.4040/jkan.20125
  • Sürücü, L., Ertan, Ş. S., Bağlarbaşı, E., & Maslakçı, A. (2021). COVID-19 and human flourishing: The moderating role of gender. Personality and Individual Differences, 183, 111111. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.111111
  • Tasnim, R., Sujan, M. S. H., Islam, M. S., Ferdous, M. Z., Hasan, M. M., Koly, K. N., & Potenza, M. N. (2021). Depression and anxiety among individuals with medical conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a nationwide survey in Bangladesh. Acta Psychologica, 220, 103426, 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. actpsy.2021.103426
  • Usher, K., Wynaden, D., Bhullar, N., Durkin, J., & Jackson, D. (2020a). The mental health impact of COVID-19 on pre-registration nursing students in Australia. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 29(6), 1015–1017. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12791
  • Usher, K., Durkin, J., & Bhullar, N. (2020b). The COVID‐19 pandemic and mental health impacts. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 29(3), 315. https://doi.org/10.1111/inm.12726
  • Walsh, S., Cassidy, M., & Priebe, S. (2017). The application of positive psychotherapy in mental health care: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 73(6), 638-651. https://doi.org/10.1002/ jclp.22368
  • Wang, Y., Di, Y., Ye, J., & Wei, W. (2021). Study on the public psychological states and its related factors during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in some regions of China. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 26(1), 13–22. https://doi.org/10. 1080/13548506.2020.1746817
  • Xiong, J., Lipsitz, O., Nasri, F., Lui, L. M.W., Gill, H., Phan, L.,Chen-Li, D., Lacobucci, M., Ho, R., Majeed, A., & Mclntyre R.S. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health in the general population: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders. 277, 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.08.001
  • Yıldırım, M., Kızılgeçit, M., Seçer, İ., Karabulut, F., Angın, Y., Dağcı, A., Vural, M. E., Bayram, N. N., & Çinici, M. (2021). Meaning in life, religious coping, and loneliness during the coronavirus health crisis in Turkey. Journal of Religion and Health, 60(4), 2371–2385. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-020-01173-7
  • Zamanzadeh, V., Jasemi, M., Valizadeh, L., Keogh, B., & Taleghani, F. (2015). Effective factors in providing holistic care: A qualitative study. Indian Journal of Palliative Care, 21(2), 214–224. https:// doi.org/10.4103/0973-1075.156506
Toplam 53 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yükseköğretim Çalışmaları (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ayşe Kuzu Durmaz 0000-0003-0181-8747

Ferhan Açıkgöz 0000-0001-6056-6039

Çiğdem Şen Tepe 0000-0002-2652-5628

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Ağustos 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 20 Şubat 2024
Kabul Tarihi 24 Temmuz 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024

Kaynak Göster

APA Kuzu Durmaz, A., Açıkgöz, F., & Şen Tepe, Ç. (2024). A Holistic Approach to Nursing Students’ Changing Life and Anxiety in the Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study Utilizing Positive Psychotherapy. Yükseköğretim Ve Bilim Dergisi, 14(2), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.5961/higheredusci.1440150
AMA Kuzu Durmaz A, Açıkgöz F, Şen Tepe Ç. A Holistic Approach to Nursing Students’ Changing Life and Anxiety in the Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study Utilizing Positive Psychotherapy. J Higher Edu Sci. Ağustos 2024;14(2):349-357. doi:10.5961/higheredusci.1440150
Chicago Kuzu Durmaz, Ayşe, Ferhan Açıkgöz, ve Çiğdem Şen Tepe. “A Holistic Approach to Nursing Students’ Changing Life and Anxiety in the Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study Utilizing Positive Psychotherapy”. Yükseköğretim Ve Bilim Dergisi 14, sy. 2 (Ağustos 2024): 349-57. https://doi.org/10.5961/higheredusci.1440150.
EndNote Kuzu Durmaz A, Açıkgöz F, Şen Tepe Ç (01 Ağustos 2024) A Holistic Approach to Nursing Students’ Changing Life and Anxiety in the Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study Utilizing Positive Psychotherapy. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi 14 2 349–357.
IEEE A. Kuzu Durmaz, F. Açıkgöz, ve Ç. Şen Tepe, “A Holistic Approach to Nursing Students’ Changing Life and Anxiety in the Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study Utilizing Positive Psychotherapy”, J Higher Edu Sci, c. 14, sy. 2, ss. 349–357, 2024, doi: 10.5961/higheredusci.1440150.
ISNAD Kuzu Durmaz, Ayşe vd. “A Holistic Approach to Nursing Students’ Changing Life and Anxiety in the Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study Utilizing Positive Psychotherapy”. Yükseköğretim ve Bilim Dergisi 14/2 (Ağustos 2024), 349-357. https://doi.org/10.5961/higheredusci.1440150.
JAMA Kuzu Durmaz A, Açıkgöz F, Şen Tepe Ç. A Holistic Approach to Nursing Students’ Changing Life and Anxiety in the Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study Utilizing Positive Psychotherapy. J Higher Edu Sci. 2024;14:349–357.
MLA Kuzu Durmaz, Ayşe vd. “A Holistic Approach to Nursing Students’ Changing Life and Anxiety in the Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study Utilizing Positive Psychotherapy”. Yükseköğretim Ve Bilim Dergisi, c. 14, sy. 2, 2024, ss. 349-57, doi:10.5961/higheredusci.1440150.
Vancouver Kuzu Durmaz A, Açıkgöz F, Şen Tepe Ç. A Holistic Approach to Nursing Students’ Changing Life and Anxiety in the Pandemic: A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study Utilizing Positive Psychotherapy. J Higher Edu Sci. 2024;14(2):349-57.