Review of the Turkey spatial planning system for developing the land administration domain model planning package

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 150 - 165, 01.11.2022

Okan Yılmaz , Mehmet Alkan

https://doi.org/10.9733/JGG.2022R0011.T

Öz

Spatial plans include land use and structuring decisions aimed at ensuring sustainable development, which emerge from the evaluation of many sectorial policies. Spatial plans bring many rights, restrictions and responsibilities (RRR) on privately owned lands and public use areas in terms of construction and use. The Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) is a standard published by ISO and deals with RRRs affecting land and their geometric components in land management. It aims to present a standard conceptual model and common ontology. There are many factors that affect the land and land use. Although there are several factors, the countries' land registry and cadastral systems are used while representing the RRRs affecting the land in the model, other facts containing many RRRs are not included. Except land registry and cadastre system, there are taxation procedures, various contract, legal document and spatial plan that create RRRs on property. Within the scope of the study, spatial plans have been examined as they contain a wide variety of RRRs and have a strong relationship with the land administration. This study aims to obtain outputs that will create a spatial planning package to integrate Turkey into the country profile of the LADM. In this direction, the legal bases, sample spatial plans, plan notes and official documents were examined, and the spatial plans were classified, and the information they represented was obtained. The results were analyzed, and it was concluded that sufficient infrastructure information was provided to create a spatial planning package within the LADM.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Land administration domain model, Spatial planning, Land management, Standardization, 3D cadastre

Arazi idaresi temel modeli planlama paketi geliştirilmesi için Türkiye mekânsal planlama sisteminin incelenmesi

Öz

Mekânsal planlar birçok sektörel politikanın değerlendirilmesi sonucu ortaya çıkan, sürdürülebilir kalkınmayı sağlamayı amaçlayan, arazi kullanım ve yapılaşma kararları içeren planlardır. Mekânsal plan kararları, özel şahıs mülkiyetinde bulunan taşınmazlara ve ortak kullanım niteliğindeki alanlara yapılaşma ve kullanma yönünden birçok hak, kısıtlılık ve sorumluluk (HKS) getirmektedir. Arazi İdaresi Temel Modeli (AİTM), ISO tarafından yayımlanan bir standarttır ve arazi yönetiminde araziyi etkileyen HKS’ler ve bunların geometrik bileşenleri ile ilgilenir. Standart bir kavramsal model ve ortak ontoloji sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Arsa ve arazi kullanım kararları üzerinde etki oluşturan birçok faktör bulunmaktadır. Çeşitli faktörler bulunmasına rağmen, araziyi etkileyen HKS’ler modelde temsil edilirken genellikle ülkelerin tapu ve kadastro sistemlerinden faydalanılmakta, çok sayıda HKS içeren diğer olgular dikkate alınmamaktadır. Tapu ve kadastro sistemi dışında mülkiyet üzerinde HKS oluşturan; vergilendirme işlemleri, çeşitli sözleşmeler, yasal belgeler ve mekânsal planlar bulunmaktadır. Çalışma kapsamında, çok çeşitli HKS’ler içerdiği ve arazi idaresi ile kuvvetli bir ilişkisi olduğundan dolayı mekânsal planlar incelenmiştir. Çalışma neticesinde, Türkiye AİTM ülke profiline entegre edilmek amacıyla mekânsal planlama paketi oluşturulmasına altlık oluşturacak çıktılar elde edilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda yasal altlıklar, örnek mekânsal planlar, plan notları ve yönergeler incelenerek mekânsal planlar sınıflandırılmış, özellikleri belirlenmiş ve temsil ettiği bilgiler elde edilmiştir. Bulgular değerlendirildiğinde AİTM içerisinde mekânsal planlama paketi oluşturulması için yeterli altyapı bilgisi sağlandığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arazi idaresi temel modeli, Mekânsal planlama, Arazi yönetimi, Standardizasyon, 3B kadastro

Kaynakça

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