Art Education and Expertise An Eye Tracking Study

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 1, 259 - 271, 30.06.2021

Banu Cangöz , Bahadir Oktay , Necla Rüzgar Kayıran , Serap Emmungil Karamanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.32600/huefd.780593

Cited By: 1

Öz

The impact of education and expertise in art on the process of examining a work of art has been studied in the present study via eye tracking method. The main purpose of the study was to compare a group of experts and non-experts in art with regard to eye tracking measurements, artwork analyses and recall performance. In this research, expert and non-expert groups were compared in terms of eye tracking measurements, heat maps, artwork analysis and the recall performances. Heat maps were demonstrated that experts viewed Early Renaissance and Fauvism movements, artworks more while non-experts viewed Fauvist artworks more in comparison with AOIs. However, it was indicated that there is no statistically significant difference between the expert and non-expert groups for each artwork about eye metrics and recall performance during art-work analysis. On the other hand, artwork analysis grades of the experts were deter-mined to be higher at a statistically significant level in comparison with the non-experts.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eye tracking, selective attention, expertise, art education, paintings, artwork analysis

Sanat Eğitimi ve Uzmanlık: Bir Göz İzleme Çalışması

Öz

Bu araştırmada sanat eğitimi ve sanatta uzmanlaşmanın sanat eseri inceleme süreci üzerindeki rolü göz izleme tekniği kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın temel amacı, sanat eseri inceleme esnasında sanatta uzman grup ile uzman olmayan grubu göz izleme ölçümleri, eser inceleme ve hatırlama performansı açısından karşılaştırmaktır. Araştırmada profesyonel resim sanatçılarından oluşan uzman grup ile sanat eğitimi almamış iki grup, üç farklı sanat dönemini (Erken Rönesans, Modern, Çağdaş) yansıtan resimleri incelerken göz izleme ölçümleri; ısı haritaları, jüri tarafından belirlenen eser inceleme puanları ve hatırladıkları detay miktarı açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Isı haritaları, Erken Rönesans ve çağdaş döneme ait eserlerde uzmanların, modern döneme ait eserde ise uzman olmayanların AOI’lere daha fazla baktığını göstermiştir. Buna karşın, her üç eser için de uzman olan ve olmayan grup arasında resim inceleme esnasındaki göz izleme metrikleri ve hatırlama performansı açısından anlamlı fark olmadığını gösterilmiştir. Öte yandan, uzman grubun eser inceleme puanları uzman olmayanlardan istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Göz izleme, seçici dikkat, uzmanlık, sanat eğitimi, resim, sanat eseri analizi

Kaynakça

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