Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan Bireylere İstihdam Becerilerinin Öğretiminde Video Modelle Öğretimin Etkililiği

Öz

Otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan bireyler için istihdam kritik ve zorlu bir alandır ve bu nedenle bu alanda daha fazla araştırmanın yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada video modelle öğretimi kullanarak OSB olan üç bireye (15-17 yaşları arasında) altı istihdam becerisi öğrettik. Becerilerin genellemesine ve 1, 5 ve 12 hafta sonra da korunup korunmadığını inceledik. Ayrıca, katılımcıların her beceriyle ilgili hedeflenmeyen bilgi kazanımlarına incelenmiştir. Son olarak, çalışmanın tamamlanmasının ardından katılımcılardan ve ebeveynlerinden sosyal geçerlik verileri toplanmıştır. Bulgular, katılımcıların hedef becerileri edindiklerini, genellediklerini ve öğretimden sonra da sürdürdüklerini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, hedeflenmeyen bilgileri de farklı doğruluk düzeylerinde kazandıkları ve de katılımcılar ve ebeveynlerinin araştırmadan memnun oldukları görülmektedir. Bu çalışma, video modelle öğretimin otizmli bireylere sektör bazlı çok bileşenli istihdam becerilerini öğretmek için etkili bir araç olabileceğini ve klinik ortam dışında da genelleme yapabildiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• : İstihdam becerileri
• mesleki beceriler
• otizm spektrum bozukluğu
• video modelle öğretim.

Effectiveness of Video Modeling in Teaching Employment Skills to Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders

Öz

Employment is a critical and challenging area for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (iwASD), and thus, additional research in this area is warranted. In this single-case research design, we taught six employment skills to three iwASD (ages 15-17) using video modeling. We assessed the generalization of the skills after 1, 5, and 12 weeks. In addition, we also examined whether participants acquired non-target information about each skill. Finally, we collected social validity data from the participants and their parents after the completion of the study. The findings showed that the participants acquired, generalized, and maintained the target skills. They also acquired non-target information at varying levels of accuracy. Further, the participants and their parents reported high satisfaction with the procedures. This study showed that video modeling can be an effective tool for teaching sector-based multi-step employment skills to individuals with autism, with generalization outside of the clinical setting.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• autism spectrum disorders
• employment skills
• vocational skills; video modeling

Destekleyen Kurum

This research was funded by Anadolu University Scientific Research Project Unit, grant number 1707E441.

Etik Beyan

The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board (or Ethics Committee) of Anadolu University Social and Human Sciences Scientific Research and Publication Ethics Committee (protocol code 71095 and 06.21.2017).” for studies involving humans.

Teşekkür

The authors would like to thank all participants and their parents.

Kaynakça

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