E-Sınavlardan Etkin Geri Bildirim Üretmek için Öneriler

Öz

Günümüzün eğitim sistemleri öğrencilerin öğrenme sürecini desteklemek amacıyla birçok yeni teknolojiyi uyarlamaya ve kullanmaya devam etmektedir. Bu teknolojilerden birisi de e-sınavlardır. Bu tarz sınavlar öğrencilerin sınav sorularını bilgisayar ya da tablet gibi dijital araçlar ile cevaplamasına imkân vermektedir. E-sınavların önemli faydalarından biri de etkili, hızlı ve bireye özgü geri bildirim üretmeye imkân sağlamasıdır. Bununla beraber e-sınavlardan etkin olarak geri bildirim üretilmesine dair önerilerin yer aldığı çalışmalara literatürde rastlanılmamıştır. Literatürdeki bu önemli boşluğu doldurmak adına e-sınavlarda geri bildirim üretimine dair sistematik bir derleme çalışması yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma üç aşamada gerçekleştirilmiştir. İlk aşamada geri bildirim üretimine dair uygulamaları içeren çalışmalar derlenmiş ve önemli noktalar özetlenmiştir. İkinci aşamada ise e-sınavlardan etkin geribildirim üretmek için araştırmacı ve uygulayıcılara yönelik öneriler sunulmuştur. Son aşamada ise e-sınavlardan hızlı ve bireye özgü geri bildirim üretiminde kullanılabilecek altı adımdan oluşan bir yönerge ortaya konmuştur. Bu yönergede görsel ve yazılı öğelerden oluşan geri bildirimler aracılığıyla öğrencilerin sınav sonuçlarını nasıl daha etkin bir şekilde yorumlayabileceği gösterilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• E-sınav
• geri bildirim
• sınav raporu
• sınav geliştirme
• bilgisayar destekli sınav

Guidelines for Generating Effective Feedback from E-Assessments

Öz

Today’s education systems continue to adopt new technologies to support student learning. One of these technologies is e-assessment, a form of assessment that enables students to answer items using digital devices, such as computers and tablets. One of the benefits of e-assessments is the ability to generate interactive, timely, and customized feedback for students. Yet, despite vast literature on the generation and delivery of feedback, there is no systematic review of the guidelines on how e-assessments can be used for generating effective feedback. The objectives of this study are threefold. First, we synthesize the literature on the current practices in feedback generation. Second, we provide researchers and practitioners with a synthesis of guidelines for best practices in generating effective feedback with e-assessments. Third, we introduce a new framework in which we demonstrate the six steps of creating an e-assessment that can help produce immediate, customized, and specific feedback for students. This framework combines multiple forms of feedback (e.g., graphs, tables, and text) to improve the understanding of feedback and engage students in the interpretation of their score reports. Implications for practice and future research are discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• E-assessment
• feedback
• score reporting
• test development
• computerized assessment

Kaynakça

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