Araştırma Makalesi
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The Effects of School Administrators’ Supervisory Competencies on School Effectiveness, Professional Commitment, and Voice

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 40 Sayı: 2, 85 - 95, 15.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.16986/HUJE.2025.538

Öz

This study aims to determine the relationships between school administrators' supervisory competencies school effectiveness, professional commitment, and voice, according to teachers' perceptions. The correlational research design was used in this research. The population of this study consists of teachers in primary schools in Şırnak province. 37 primary schools from this population were selected by taking into account the impartiality rule. 319 teachers working in the decided primary schools constitute the sample of this research. Disproportionate cluster sampling method was adopted to obtain the data for the research. Confirmatory factor and reliability analyses were applied for the scales used in the research. Descriptive analyses, correlation, measurement models, and structural equation modeling analyses were used to analyze the data. Structural equation modeling results revealed that the perceived supervisory competencies of school administrators positively affect teachers' perceptions of school effectiveness, professional commitment, and voice. It was determined that perceived school effectiveness positively affects professional commitment. Additionally, it was determined that professional commitment positively affects teacher voice. It was revealed that supervisory competence, school effectiveness, and professional commitment positively affect teacher voice with a partial mediating effect. It is considered important for school administrators who want to contribute to the continuous improvement of teachers' work and increase their professionalism, to have supervisory competencies and to strengthen these competencies.

Kaynakça

  • Ağaoğlu, E. (2019). Okul yöneticilerinin denetim ve değerlendirme rolü. S. ÖZDEMİR (Ed.), içinde Türk eğitim sistemi ve okul yönetimi (s. 185- 199). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Alfayad, Z., & Arif, L. S. M. (2017). Employee voice and job satisfaction: An application of Herzberg Two-factor Theory. International Review of Management and Marketing, 7(1), 150–156.
  • Aryee, S., Chay, Y. W., & Chew, J. (1994). An investigation of the predictors and outcomes of career commitment in three career stages. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 44(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1994.1001
  • Aydın, M. (2014). Eğitim yönetimi. Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Bailey, G. D., & Dyck, N. (1990). The administrator and cooperative learning: Roles and responsibilities in instructional leadership. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 64(1), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.1990.9955802
  • Balcı, (2014). Etkili okul okul geliştirme: Kuram, uygulama ve araştırma. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Baltaş, A. (2023). Türk kültüründe yönetmek. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Başaran, İ. E. (1982). Örgütsel davranış. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Yayınları.
  • Başaran, İ. E., & Çınkır, Ş. (2011). Türk eğitim sistemi ve okul yönetimi. Ankara: Ekinoks Yayıncılık.
  • Bayraktutan, İ. (2011). İlköğretim okul müdürlerinin denetim rolleri (Sivas İli Örneği). (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sivas.
  • Blau, G. J. (1985). The measurement and prediction of career commitment. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 58(4), 277-288. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1985.tb00201.x
  • Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS. New York: Routledge.
  • Chang, E. (1999). Career commitment as a complex moderator of organizational commitment and turnover intention. Human Relations, 52(10), 1257–1278. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016908430206
  • Chang, H. T., Chi, N. W., & Miao, M. C. (2007). Testing the relationship between three-component organizational/occupational commitment and organizational/occupational turnover intention using a non-recursive model. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 70, 352-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2006.10.001
  • Çaylıkoca, A. (2017). Örgütsel bağlılığın mesleki bağlılık üzerine etkisi: konaklama işletmelerinde bir araştırma. Uluslararası Global Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 1-17.
  • Çetin, M. Ö. (2004). Örgüt kültürü ve örgütsel bağlılık. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Çetin, Ş. & Çakmakçı, C. (2012). Çalışan sesliliği ölçeğini Türkçe’ye uyarlama çalışması. KHO Bilim Dergisi, 22(2), 1-19.
  • Dutton, J. E., Ashford, S.J., O’Neil, R. M., Hayes, E. & Wierba, E. E. (1997). Reading the wind: How middle managers assess the context for selling issues to top managers. Strategic Management Journal, 18(5), 407-425.
  • Edmonds, R. E. (1982). Programs of school improvement. Educational Leadership, 40, 4-11.
  • Ergen, Y. (2016). Sınıf öğretmenlerinin sınıf yönetim becerileri, akademik iyimserlikleri ve mesleki bağlılıkları arasındaki ilişki (Malatya İli Örneği). (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Samsun.
  • Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. Dubai: Oriental Press.
  • Genç, N. (2012). Yönetim ve organizasyon, çağdaş sistemler ve yaklaşımlar. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Gülşen, C., & Gökyer, N. (2015). Türk eğitim sistemi ve okul yönetimi. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Gündüz, Y. (2012). Eğitim örgütlerinde denetimin gerekliliği: Kuramsal bir çalışma. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 34, 1-6.
  • Güney, S. (2012). Örgütsel davranış. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Hallinger, P., & Heck, R. H. (1998). Exploring the principal’s contribution to school effectiveness: 1980-1995. School Effectiveness and School İmprovement: An International Journal of Research, Policy and Practice, 9, 157-191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0924345980090203
  • Heck, R. (2000). Examining the impact of school quality on school outcomes and improvement: A value-added approach. Educational Administration Quarterly, 36(4), 513-552. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131610021969092
  • Hoy, W. K. (2009). School effectiveness index. http://www.waynekhoy.com /school_effectiveness_index.html
  • Hoy, W. K., & Feldman, J. A. (1987). Organizational health: The concept and its measure. Journal of Research and Development in Education, 20(4), 30-37.
  • Hoy, W., & Miskel, C. (2012). Educational administration: Theory, research, and practice (9th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
  • Karasar, N. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel.
  • Kaya, A., Dilekçi, Ü., & Limon, İ. (2023). Öğretmenlerin perspektifinden okul müdürlerinin ders denetimi: Bir olgubilim çalışması. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 52(238), 1331-1360. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.1131067
  • Koçel, T. (2018). İşletme yöneticiliği. İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Lodahl, T. M., & Kejnar, M. (1965). The definition and measurement of job involvement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 49(1), 24–33. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0021692
  • Meydan, C. H., & Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi: Amos uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay yayıncılık.
  • Manasse, A. L. (1982). Effective principals: Effective at what? Principal, 61(4), 10-15. Marsh D. (1992). School principals as instructional leaders: The impact of the California School Leadership Academy. Education and Urban Society, 24(3), 386–410.
  • Morrison, E. W. (2011). Employee voice behavior: Integration and directions for future research. The Academy of Management Annals, 5(1), 373–412. https://doi.org/10.1080/19416520.2011.574506
  • Morrison, E. W., & Milliken, F. J. (2003). Speaking up, remaining silent: The dynamics of voice and silence in organizations. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1353-1358. Doi:10.1111/1467-6486.00383
  • Morrison, E., & Milliken, F. (2000). Organizational silence: A barrier to change and development in a pluralistic world. Academy of Management Review, 25(4), 706-725. https://doi.org/10.2307/259200
  • Morrow, P. C. (1983). Concept redundancy in organizational research: The case work of commitment. The Academy of Management Review, 8(3), 486–500. https://doi.org/10.2307/257837
  • Morrow, P., & Wirth, R. (1989) Work Commitment among Salaried Professionals. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 34, 40-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(89)90063-8
  • Perlow, L. A., & Repenning, N. P. (2009). The dynamics of silencing conflict. Research in organizational behavior, 29, 195-223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2009.06.007
  • Rice, J. K. (2003). Teacher quality: Understanding the effects of teacher attributes. Washington, DC: Economic Policy Institute.
  • Robbins, S. P., Decenzo, D. A., & Coulter, M. (2012). Fundamentals of management: Essential concepts and applications. New Jersey, NJ: Pearson Education.
  • Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2015). Organizational behaviour. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Schermerhorn, J. R., Hunt, J. G., Osborn, R. N., & Uhl-Bien, M. (2011). Organizational behavior. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Singh, A., & Gupta, B. (2015). Job involvement, organizational commitment, professional commitment, and team commitment. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 22(6), 1192 – 1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-01-2014-0007
  • Sönmez, S., Akpolat, G, & Cansever, G. (2021). Çalışan sesliliği ile örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi: Bir kamu hastanesi örneği. Scientific Journal of Innovation and Social Sciences Research, 1(1), 65-86.
  • Şenel, T. (2015). İlkokullarda okul iklimi ile okul etkililiği arasındaki ilişki. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Şimşek, M. Ş., & Çelik, A. (2012). Yönetim ve organizasyon. Konya: Eğitim Kitabevi Yayınları.
  • Şişman, M. (2004). Öğretim liderliği. Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Stedman, L. (1988). The effective schools formulastill needs changing. Phi Delta Kappan, 69(6), 439-442.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2014). Using multivariate statistics (New International ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
  • Tarhan, N. (2021). Değerler psikolojisi ve insan: Güzel insan modeli. İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları.
  • Turan, S. (2011). İşini bil okuluna sahip ol. A. AÇIKALIN, M. ŞİŞMAN ve S. TURAN (Ed.), içinde Bir insan olarak okul müdürü (s. 76-93). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Van Dyne, L. & LePine, J. A. (1998). Helping and voice extra-role behavior: Evidence of construct and predictive validity. Academy of Management Journal, 41, 108–119. https://doi.org/10.2307/256902
  • Wiles, J., & Bondi, J. (1996). Supervision: A guide to observation. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Merrill, Prentice-Hall.

The Effects of School Administrators’ Supervisory Competencies on School Effectiveness, Professional Commitment, and Voice

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 40 Sayı: 2, 85 - 95, 15.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.16986/HUJE.2025.538

Öz

This study aims to determine the relationships between school administrators' supervisory competencies school effectiveness, professional commitment, and voice, according to teachers' perceptions. The correlational research design was used in this research. The population of this study consists of teachers in primary schools in Şırnak province. 37 primary schools from this population were selected by taking into account the impartiality rule. 319 teachers working in the decided primary schools constitute the sample of this research. Disproportionate cluster sampling method was adopted to obtain the data for the research. Confirmatory factor and reliability analyses were applied for the scales used in the research. Descriptive analyses, correlation, measurement models, and structural equation modeling analyses were used to analyze the data. Structural equation modeling results revealed that the perceived supervisory competencies of school administrators positively affect teachers' perceptions of school effectiveness, professional commitment, and voice. It was determined that perceived school effectiveness positively affects professional commitment. Additionally, it was determined that professional commitment positively affects teacher voice. It was revealed that supervisory competence, school effectiveness, and professional commitment positively affect teacher voice with a partial mediating effect. It is considered important for school administrators who want to contribute to the continuous improvement of teachers' work and increase their professionalism, to have supervisory competencies and to strengthen these competencies.

Etik Beyan

Ethics committee approval was taken from the Şırnak University's Ethics Committee Presidency regarding the ethical suitability of this research, dated 01/03/2024 and numbered 2024/ 93610.

Kaynakça

  • Ağaoğlu, E. (2019). Okul yöneticilerinin denetim ve değerlendirme rolü. S. ÖZDEMİR (Ed.), içinde Türk eğitim sistemi ve okul yönetimi (s. 185- 199). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Alfayad, Z., & Arif, L. S. M. (2017). Employee voice and job satisfaction: An application of Herzberg Two-factor Theory. International Review of Management and Marketing, 7(1), 150–156.
  • Aryee, S., Chay, Y. W., & Chew, J. (1994). An investigation of the predictors and outcomes of career commitment in three career stages. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 44(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.1994.1001
  • Aydın, M. (2014). Eğitim yönetimi. Ankara: Gazi Kitabevi.
  • Bailey, G. D., & Dyck, N. (1990). The administrator and cooperative learning: Roles and responsibilities in instructional leadership. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 64(1), 39–43. https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.1990.9955802
  • Balcı, (2014). Etkili okul okul geliştirme: Kuram, uygulama ve araştırma. Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Baltaş, A. (2023). Türk kültüründe yönetmek. İstanbul: Remzi Kitabevi.
  • Başaran, İ. E. (1982). Örgütsel davranış. Ankara: Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Yayınları.
  • Başaran, İ. E., & Çınkır, Ş. (2011). Türk eğitim sistemi ve okul yönetimi. Ankara: Ekinoks Yayıncılık.
  • Bayraktutan, İ. (2011). İlköğretim okul müdürlerinin denetim rolleri (Sivas İli Örneği). (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Sivas.
  • Blau, G. J. (1985). The measurement and prediction of career commitment. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 58(4), 277-288. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1985.tb00201.x
  • Byrne, B. M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS. New York: Routledge.
  • Chang, E. (1999). Career commitment as a complex moderator of organizational commitment and turnover intention. Human Relations, 52(10), 1257–1278. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016908430206
  • Chang, H. T., Chi, N. W., & Miao, M. C. (2007). Testing the relationship between three-component organizational/occupational commitment and organizational/occupational turnover intention using a non-recursive model. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 70, 352-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2006.10.001
  • Çaylıkoca, A. (2017). Örgütsel bağlılığın mesleki bağlılık üzerine etkisi: konaklama işletmelerinde bir araştırma. Uluslararası Global Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 1-17.
  • Çetin, M. Ö. (2004). Örgüt kültürü ve örgütsel bağlılık. Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Çetin, Ş. & Çakmakçı, C. (2012). Çalışan sesliliği ölçeğini Türkçe’ye uyarlama çalışması. KHO Bilim Dergisi, 22(2), 1-19.
  • Dutton, J. E., Ashford, S.J., O’Neil, R. M., Hayes, E. & Wierba, E. E. (1997). Reading the wind: How middle managers assess the context for selling issues to top managers. Strategic Management Journal, 18(5), 407-425.
  • Edmonds, R. E. (1982). Programs of school improvement. Educational Leadership, 40, 4-11.
  • Ergen, Y. (2016). Sınıf öğretmenlerinin sınıf yönetim becerileri, akademik iyimserlikleri ve mesleki bağlılıkları arasındaki ilişki (Malatya İli Örneği). (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Samsun.
  • Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. Dubai: Oriental Press.
  • Genç, N. (2012). Yönetim ve organizasyon, çağdaş sistemler ve yaklaşımlar. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Gülşen, C., & Gökyer, N. (2015). Türk eğitim sistemi ve okul yönetimi. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
  • Gündüz, Y. (2012). Eğitim örgütlerinde denetimin gerekliliği: Kuramsal bir çalışma. Dumlupınar Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 34, 1-6.
  • Güney, S. (2012). Örgütsel davranış. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
  • Hallinger, P., & Heck, R. H. (1998). Exploring the principal’s contribution to school effectiveness: 1980-1995. School Effectiveness and School İmprovement: An International Journal of Research, Policy and Practice, 9, 157-191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0924345980090203
  • Heck, R. (2000). Examining the impact of school quality on school outcomes and improvement: A value-added approach. Educational Administration Quarterly, 36(4), 513-552. https://doi.org/10.1177/00131610021969092
  • Hoy, W. K. (2009). School effectiveness index. http://www.waynekhoy.com /school_effectiveness_index.html
  • Hoy, W. K., & Feldman, J. A. (1987). Organizational health: The concept and its measure. Journal of Research and Development in Education, 20(4), 30-37.
  • Hoy, W., & Miskel, C. (2012). Educational administration: Theory, research, and practice (9th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.
  • Karasar, N. (2012). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. Ankara: Nobel.
  • Kaya, A., Dilekçi, Ü., & Limon, İ. (2023). Öğretmenlerin perspektifinden okul müdürlerinin ders denetimi: Bir olgubilim çalışması. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 52(238), 1331-1360. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.1131067
  • Koçel, T. (2018). İşletme yöneticiliği. İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Lodahl, T. M., & Kejnar, M. (1965). The definition and measurement of job involvement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 49(1), 24–33. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0021692
  • Meydan, C. H., & Şeşen, H. (2015). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesi: Amos uygulamaları. Ankara: Detay yayıncılık.
  • Manasse, A. L. (1982). Effective principals: Effective at what? Principal, 61(4), 10-15. Marsh D. (1992). School principals as instructional leaders: The impact of the California School Leadership Academy. Education and Urban Society, 24(3), 386–410.
  • Morrison, E. W. (2011). Employee voice behavior: Integration and directions for future research. The Academy of Management Annals, 5(1), 373–412. https://doi.org/10.1080/19416520.2011.574506
  • Morrison, E. W., & Milliken, F. J. (2003). Speaking up, remaining silent: The dynamics of voice and silence in organizations. Journal of Management Studies, 40(6), 1353-1358. Doi:10.1111/1467-6486.00383
  • Morrison, E., & Milliken, F. (2000). Organizational silence: A barrier to change and development in a pluralistic world. Academy of Management Review, 25(4), 706-725. https://doi.org/10.2307/259200
  • Morrow, P. C. (1983). Concept redundancy in organizational research: The case work of commitment. The Academy of Management Review, 8(3), 486–500. https://doi.org/10.2307/257837
  • Morrow, P., & Wirth, R. (1989) Work Commitment among Salaried Professionals. Journal of Vocational Behaviour, 34, 40-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-8791(89)90063-8
  • Perlow, L. A., & Repenning, N. P. (2009). The dynamics of silencing conflict. Research in organizational behavior, 29, 195-223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.riob.2009.06.007
  • Rice, J. K. (2003). Teacher quality: Understanding the effects of teacher attributes. Washington, DC: Economic Policy Institute.
  • Robbins, S. P., Decenzo, D. A., & Coulter, M. (2012). Fundamentals of management: Essential concepts and applications. New Jersey, NJ: Pearson Education.
  • Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2015). Organizational behaviour. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Schermerhorn, J. R., Hunt, J. G., Osborn, R. N., & Uhl-Bien, M. (2011). Organizational behavior. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Singh, A., & Gupta, B. (2015). Job involvement, organizational commitment, professional commitment, and team commitment. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 22(6), 1192 – 1211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/BIJ-01-2014-0007
  • Sönmez, S., Akpolat, G, & Cansever, G. (2021). Çalışan sesliliği ile örgütsel bağlılık arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi: Bir kamu hastanesi örneği. Scientific Journal of Innovation and Social Sciences Research, 1(1), 65-86.
  • Şenel, T. (2015). İlkokullarda okul iklimi ile okul etkililiği arasındaki ilişki. (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Gazi Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Şimşek, M. Ş., & Çelik, A. (2012). Yönetim ve organizasyon. Konya: Eğitim Kitabevi Yayınları.
  • Şişman, M. (2004). Öğretim liderliği. Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
  • Stedman, L. (1988). The effective schools formulastill needs changing. Phi Delta Kappan, 69(6), 439-442.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2014). Using multivariate statistics (New International ed.). Pearson Education Limited.
  • Tarhan, N. (2021). Değerler psikolojisi ve insan: Güzel insan modeli. İstanbul: Timaş Yayınları.
  • Turan, S. (2011). İşini bil okuluna sahip ol. A. AÇIKALIN, M. ŞİŞMAN ve S. TURAN (Ed.), içinde Bir insan olarak okul müdürü (s. 76-93). Ankara: Pegem Akademi Yayıncılık.
  • Van Dyne, L. & LePine, J. A. (1998). Helping and voice extra-role behavior: Evidence of construct and predictive validity. Academy of Management Journal, 41, 108–119. https://doi.org/10.2307/256902
  • Wiles, J., & Bondi, J. (1996). Supervision: A guide to observation. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Merrill, Prentice-Hall.
Toplam 57 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Eğitim Üzerine Çalışmalar (Diğer)
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Selçuk Demir 0000-0003-2904-6443

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Temmuz 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Mayıs 2025
Kabul Tarihi 24 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 40 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Demir, S. (2025). The Effects of School Administrators’ Supervisory Competencies on School Effectiveness, Professional Commitment, and Voice. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 40(2), 85-95. https://doi.org/10.16986/HUJE.2025.538