Araştırma Makalesi
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Attitudes towards Functional Foods of Individuals Applying to Family Health Centers in Gümüşhane Province

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 309 - 328, 31.08.2025
https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.1479614

Öz

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the functional food usage, attitudes, and consumption frequency of individuals visiting family health centers.
Materials and Methods: A survey evaluating participants’ demographics, dietary habits, awareness of functional foods, and consumption was conducted by face-to-face interview method. Attitudes Towards Functional Foods Scale gauged participants’ perceptions. Body mass index was calculated using body weight and height.
Results: 39.7% of participants reported having previously heard of functional foods, and 82.3% stated they had consumed functional foods. Those who believed in the health benefits of functional foods viewed these products as more beneficial and essential, and they were more likely to seek information on the topic (p<0.05). Additionally, individuals with undergraduate and postgraduate education levels had significantly more positive attitudes towards functional foods compared to those with primary and secondary education (p<0.05). Garlic, pomegranate, grape seed, green tea, ginger, black seed, and whole grain products were widely recognized as functional foods by most participants. Despite vitamin supplements such as vitamin C and D not being technically classified as functional foods, many individuals still considered them as such.
Conclusion: Our findings show that the majority of individuals visiting family health centers have a habit of consuming functional foods and that the level of education and the perceived health benefits of functional foods influence attitudes and acceptance towards functional foods. Additionally, the findings can provide information to public and private sectors to create a supportive environment to raise awareness and promote the consumption of functional foods and their health benefits.

Kaynakça

  • Annunziata, A., & Vecchio, R. (2011). Functional foods development in the European market: A consumer perspective. Journal of Functional Foods, 3(3), 223-228.
  • Ares, G., & Gámbaro, A. (2007). Influence of gender, age and motives underlying food choice on perceived healthiness and willingness to try functional foods. Appetite, 49(1), 148–158.
  • Barcellos, M.D., & Lionello, R.L. (2011). Consumer market for functional foods in south Brazil, International. Journal on Food System Dynamics, 2(2),126‐144.
  • Bayöz, G. (2021). Plaza çalışanlarının fonksiyonel gıda bilgi ve tutumlarının, beslenme durumlarının ve beslenme bilgi düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi. (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi) Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Bellisle., F. (2008). Functional foods and satiety cascade. Nutrition Bulletin, 33, 8-14.
  • Bogue, J. & Ryan, M. (2000), “Market oriented new product development: functional foods and the Irish consumer”, Agribusiness Discussion Paper, No. 27, University College Cork.
  • Bongiorno, P. B., Fratellone, P. M., & LoGiudice, P. (2008). Potential health benefits of garlic (Allium sativum): a narrative review. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 5(1), 1-24.
  • Burnaz, N.A. (2021). Functional foods: in sickness and in health. H. Kaya ve H. Kafadar (Eds.), Medicine & Health 2021 içinde (ss. 161-183). İstanbul. Efe Akademi Yayınevi.
  • Büyükkaragöz, A., Baş, M., Sağlam, D., & Cengiz, Ş.E. (2014). Consumers' awareness, acceptance and attitudes towards functional foods in Turkey. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 38 (6), 628-635.
  • Chaloupkova, P., Petrtyl, M., Verner, V. & Kokoska, L. (2020). Dietary supplements versus functional foods: consumers' attitudes to their consumption. British Food Journal , 122 (12), 3853-3868.
  • Čvirik, M. (2020). Health conscious consumer behaviour: The impact of a pandemic on the case of Slovakia. Central European Business Review, 9(4), 45-58.
  • Dogan, İ., Yildiz, O., Eyduran, E., & Köse, S. (2011). A study on determination of functional food consumption habits and awareness of consumers in Turkey. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 17(2), 246-257.
  • Drywień, M., Podkowska, J., Frąckiewicz, J., & Górnicka, M. (2015). Consumption of black and green teas as a dietary source of polyphenols in polish inhabitants of the mazovian region. Annals of National Institute of Hygiene, 66(1), 35-38.
  • Karelakis, C., Zevgitis, P., Galanopoulos, K., & Mattas, K. (2019). Consumer trends and attitudes to functional foods. Journal of International Food & Agribusiness Marketing, 32(3), 266–294.
  • Kaur, S., & Das, M. (2011). Functional foods: An overview. Food Science and Biotechnology, 20, 861.
  • Koç, N., & Yardımcı, H. (2017). Tüketicilerin fonksiyonel besinleri bilme ve kullanma durumları üzerine bir araştırma. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 45(3), 204-213.
  • Koutelidakis, A., & Dimou, C. (2016). The effects of functional food and bioactive compounds on biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases. D. Martirosyan (Ed.), Functional Foods Text book içinde (ss. 89-117). U.S.A. Functional Food Center.
  • Krystallis, A., Maglaras, G. & Mamalis, S. (2008) Motivations and cognitive structures of consumers in their purchasing of functional foods. Food Quality and Preference, 19, 525–538.
  • Laguna, L., Fiszman, S., Puerta, P., Chaya, C., & Tárrega, A. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on food priorities. Results from a preliminary study using social media and an online survey with Spanish consumers. Food Quality and Preference, 86, 104028.
  • Markovina, J., Čačić, J., Gajdoš Kljusurić, J., & Kovačić, D. (2011). Young consumers' perception of functional foods in Croatia. British Food Journal, 113(1), 7-16.
  • Natarajan, T., Geetha Raveendran Nair, J. & Jayapal, J. (2024). Subjective norms as a moderator in the consumption behaviour of branded functional beverages post-COVID-19 pandemic: a pragmatic view", Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 16(2), 307-330.
  • Nguyen, T. T., & Phan, H. T. T. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 anxiety on functional foods consuming intention: role of electronic word of mouth. Heliyon, 8(11), e11344.
  • Ntrigiou, V., Ntrigios, I., Rigopoulos, N., Dimou, C., & Koutelidakis, A. E. (2018). Functional food consumption correlates with anthropometric characteristics and body composition in healthy adults. Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research, 16(4), 279-288.
  • Nystrand, B. T., & Olsen, S. O. (2019). Consumers’ attitudes and intentions toward consuming functional foods in Norway. Food Quality and Preference, 80: 103827.
  • Özdemir, Ö., Fettahlıoğlu, S. & Topoyan, M. (2009). Fonksiyonel gıda ürünlerine yönelik tüketici tutumlarını belirleme üzerine bir araştırma. Ege Akademik Bakış, 9(4), 1079-1099.
  • Reid, I. (2005). Baseline Natural Health Products Survey Among Consumers (Final Report), Health Canada,2005. Www.Hc-Sc.Gc.Ca
  • Sato, Y., Yamagishi, A., Hashimoto, Y., Virgona, N., Hoshiyama, Y., & Umegaki, K. (2009). Use of dietary supplements among preschool children in Japan. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 55(4): 317-325.
  • Siegrist, M., Stampfli, N., & Kastenholz, H., (2008) Consumers’ willingness to buy functional foods: the influence of carrier, benefit and trust, Appetite, 51(3): 526-529.
  • Tay, J. E. F., Tung, S. E. H., Mok, K. T., Tan, C. H., Gan, W. Y., & Poon, W. C. (2023). Functional food consumption and its associated factors among university students in Malaysia during COVID-19 Pandemic. The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences, 30(6), 133.
  • The International Food Information Council (IFIC). (2011). Functional Foods/Foods for Health Consumer Trending Survey. http://www.Foodinsight.Org
  • The International Food Information Council (IFIC). (2017). Foundation is dedicated to the mission of effectively communicating science-based information on health, food safety and nutrition for the public good. The IFIC Foundation is supported primarily by the broad-based food, beverage and agricultural industries. http://foodinsight.org
  • Turalioğlu, G., & Arslan, M. (2023). Sosyal Medya Kullanımının Fonksiyonel Gıdalara Yönelik Tutuma Etkisi ve BKİ ile İlişkisi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(3), 482-496.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2008). World Health Statistics 2008. https://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/2008/en/
  • Wootton-Beard, P.C. & Ryan, L. (2011). Improving public health? The role of antioxidant-rich fruit and vegetable beverages. Food Research International 44: 3135-3148.

Gümüşhane İli Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerine Başvuran Bireylerin Fonksiyonel Besinlere Karşı Tutumları

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 309 - 328, 31.08.2025
https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.1479614

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, aile sağlığı merkezlerine başvuran bireylerin fonksiyonel besin kullanımının, fonksiyonel besinler hakkındaki tutumlarının ve kullanım sıklığının belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bireylerin demografik özellikleri, beslenme alışkanlıkları, fonksiyonel besinlere yönelik farkındalıkları ve tüketimlerini değerlendiren bir anket yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle yapıldı. Fonksiyonel Gıdalara Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ile bireylerin fonksiyonel besinlere yönelik algısı ölçüldü. Bireylerin beden kütle indeksleri, vücut ağırlığı ve boy uzunluğu kullanılarak hesaplandı.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların %39,7’si fonksiyonel besin tanımını daha önce duyduğunu, %82,3’ü de fonksiyonel besin tükettiğini bildirmiştir. Fonksiyonel besinlerin sağlık üzerinde etkili olduğuna inanan katılımcıların, bu besinleri daha faydalı ve gerekli bulmakta ve aynı zamanda bu konuda bilgi edinmeye daha isteklidirler (p<0,05). Ayrıca fonksiyonel besinlere yönelik tutum lisans ve lisansüstü eğitim düzeyine sahip olanlarda ilköğretim ve lise mezunlarına göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksektir (p<0,05). Sarımsak, nar, üzüm çekirdeği, yeşil çay, zencefil, çörekotu ve tam tahıllı ürünler bireylerin çoğu tarafından fonksiyonel besin olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte C vitamini ve D vitamini gibi besin takviyeleri de fonksiyonel besin olmamasına rağmen çoğu birey tarafından fonksiyonel besin olarak tanımlanmaktadır.
Sonuç: Bulduğumuz sonuçlar, aile sağlığı merkezine başvuran bireylerin büyük çoğunluğunun fonksiyonel besin tüketim alışkanlığına sahip olduğunu, eğitim düzeyi ve fonksiyonel besinlere ilişkin sağlık yararlarının fonksiyonel besinlere yönelik tutum ve kabullenme üzerinde etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Ayrıca, bulgular, fonksiyonel besinlerin ve bu besinlerin sağlık üzerindeki yararlarının farkındalığını ve tüketimini teşvik etmek için destekleyici bir ortam oluşturma açısından kamu ve özel sektöre bilgi sağlayabilir.

Etik Beyan

Çalışmanın gerçekleştirilmesi için Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Etik Kurulu’ndan etik kurul onayı alınmıştır (Toplantı no:13).

Teşekkür

Araştırmamızda gerekli izinleri sağlayarak çalışmamıza katkıda bulunan Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Etik Kurulu’na ve Gümüşhane İl Sağlık Müdürlüğüne teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  • Annunziata, A., & Vecchio, R. (2011). Functional foods development in the European market: A consumer perspective. Journal of Functional Foods, 3(3), 223-228.
  • Ares, G., & Gámbaro, A. (2007). Influence of gender, age and motives underlying food choice on perceived healthiness and willingness to try functional foods. Appetite, 49(1), 148–158.
  • Barcellos, M.D., & Lionello, R.L. (2011). Consumer market for functional foods in south Brazil, International. Journal on Food System Dynamics, 2(2),126‐144.
  • Bayöz, G. (2021). Plaza çalışanlarının fonksiyonel gıda bilgi ve tutumlarının, beslenme durumlarının ve beslenme bilgi düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi. (Yayınlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi) Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Bellisle., F. (2008). Functional foods and satiety cascade. Nutrition Bulletin, 33, 8-14.
  • Bogue, J. & Ryan, M. (2000), “Market oriented new product development: functional foods and the Irish consumer”, Agribusiness Discussion Paper, No. 27, University College Cork.
  • Bongiorno, P. B., Fratellone, P. M., & LoGiudice, P. (2008). Potential health benefits of garlic (Allium sativum): a narrative review. Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 5(1), 1-24.
  • Burnaz, N.A. (2021). Functional foods: in sickness and in health. H. Kaya ve H. Kafadar (Eds.), Medicine & Health 2021 içinde (ss. 161-183). İstanbul. Efe Akademi Yayınevi.
  • Büyükkaragöz, A., Baş, M., Sağlam, D., & Cengiz, Ş.E. (2014). Consumers' awareness, acceptance and attitudes towards functional foods in Turkey. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 38 (6), 628-635.
  • Chaloupkova, P., Petrtyl, M., Verner, V. & Kokoska, L. (2020). Dietary supplements versus functional foods: consumers' attitudes to their consumption. British Food Journal , 122 (12), 3853-3868.
  • Čvirik, M. (2020). Health conscious consumer behaviour: The impact of a pandemic on the case of Slovakia. Central European Business Review, 9(4), 45-58.
  • Dogan, İ., Yildiz, O., Eyduran, E., & Köse, S. (2011). A study on determination of functional food consumption habits and awareness of consumers in Turkey. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 17(2), 246-257.
  • Drywień, M., Podkowska, J., Frąckiewicz, J., & Górnicka, M. (2015). Consumption of black and green teas as a dietary source of polyphenols in polish inhabitants of the mazovian region. Annals of National Institute of Hygiene, 66(1), 35-38.
  • Karelakis, C., Zevgitis, P., Galanopoulos, K., & Mattas, K. (2019). Consumer trends and attitudes to functional foods. Journal of International Food & Agribusiness Marketing, 32(3), 266–294.
  • Kaur, S., & Das, M. (2011). Functional foods: An overview. Food Science and Biotechnology, 20, 861.
  • Koç, N., & Yardımcı, H. (2017). Tüketicilerin fonksiyonel besinleri bilme ve kullanma durumları üzerine bir araştırma. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 45(3), 204-213.
  • Koutelidakis, A., & Dimou, C. (2016). The effects of functional food and bioactive compounds on biomarkers of cardiovascular diseases. D. Martirosyan (Ed.), Functional Foods Text book içinde (ss. 89-117). U.S.A. Functional Food Center.
  • Krystallis, A., Maglaras, G. & Mamalis, S. (2008) Motivations and cognitive structures of consumers in their purchasing of functional foods. Food Quality and Preference, 19, 525–538.
  • Laguna, L., Fiszman, S., Puerta, P., Chaya, C., & Tárrega, A. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on food priorities. Results from a preliminary study using social media and an online survey with Spanish consumers. Food Quality and Preference, 86, 104028.
  • Markovina, J., Čačić, J., Gajdoš Kljusurić, J., & Kovačić, D. (2011). Young consumers' perception of functional foods in Croatia. British Food Journal, 113(1), 7-16.
  • Natarajan, T., Geetha Raveendran Nair, J. & Jayapal, J. (2024). Subjective norms as a moderator in the consumption behaviour of branded functional beverages post-COVID-19 pandemic: a pragmatic view", Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 16(2), 307-330.
  • Nguyen, T. T., & Phan, H. T. T. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 anxiety on functional foods consuming intention: role of electronic word of mouth. Heliyon, 8(11), e11344.
  • Ntrigiou, V., Ntrigios, I., Rigopoulos, N., Dimou, C., & Koutelidakis, A. E. (2018). Functional food consumption correlates with anthropometric characteristics and body composition in healthy adults. Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research, 16(4), 279-288.
  • Nystrand, B. T., & Olsen, S. O. (2019). Consumers’ attitudes and intentions toward consuming functional foods in Norway. Food Quality and Preference, 80: 103827.
  • Özdemir, Ö., Fettahlıoğlu, S. & Topoyan, M. (2009). Fonksiyonel gıda ürünlerine yönelik tüketici tutumlarını belirleme üzerine bir araştırma. Ege Akademik Bakış, 9(4), 1079-1099.
  • Reid, I. (2005). Baseline Natural Health Products Survey Among Consumers (Final Report), Health Canada,2005. Www.Hc-Sc.Gc.Ca
  • Sato, Y., Yamagishi, A., Hashimoto, Y., Virgona, N., Hoshiyama, Y., & Umegaki, K. (2009). Use of dietary supplements among preschool children in Japan. Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, 55(4): 317-325.
  • Siegrist, M., Stampfli, N., & Kastenholz, H., (2008) Consumers’ willingness to buy functional foods: the influence of carrier, benefit and trust, Appetite, 51(3): 526-529.
  • Tay, J. E. F., Tung, S. E. H., Mok, K. T., Tan, C. H., Gan, W. Y., & Poon, W. C. (2023). Functional food consumption and its associated factors among university students in Malaysia during COVID-19 Pandemic. The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences, 30(6), 133.
  • The International Food Information Council (IFIC). (2011). Functional Foods/Foods for Health Consumer Trending Survey. http://www.Foodinsight.Org
  • The International Food Information Council (IFIC). (2017). Foundation is dedicated to the mission of effectively communicating science-based information on health, food safety and nutrition for the public good. The IFIC Foundation is supported primarily by the broad-based food, beverage and agricultural industries. http://foodinsight.org
  • Turalioğlu, G., & Arslan, M. (2023). Sosyal Medya Kullanımının Fonksiyonel Gıdalara Yönelik Tutuma Etkisi ve BKİ ile İlişkisi. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(3), 482-496.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2008). World Health Statistics 2008. https://www.who.int/whosis/whostat/2008/en/
  • Wootton-Beard, P.C. & Ryan, L. (2011). Improving public health? The role of antioxidant-rich fruit and vegetable beverages. Food Research International 44: 3135-3148.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Halk Sağlığı Beslenmesi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Fatma Tayhan 0000-0001-8524-9048

Memnune Kabakuş Aykut 0000-0002-8023-4282

Nesibe Arslan Burnaz 0000-0003-1163-4829

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 15 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Mayıs 2024
Kabul Tarihi 2 Ocak 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Tayhan, F., Kabakuş Aykut, M., & Arslan Burnaz, N. (2025). Gümüşhane İli Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerine Başvuran Bireylerin Fonksiyonel Besinlere Karşı Tutumları. Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences Journal, 12(2), 309-328. https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.1479614