Endoplazmik Retikulum Stresinin Tümör Sürecindeki Rolü ve Antikanser Uygulamaları

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 124 - 133, 28.04.2016

Sümeyra Çetinkaya , İlknur Çınar , Hatice Gül Dursun

Öz

Katlanmamış ya da yanlış katlanmış proteinlerin birikimi sonucu ortaya çıkan Endoplazmik retikulum stresi,
kanser hücre çoğalması ve sağkalımı üzerinde büyük bir etkiye sahiptir. Tümör hücreleri büyümek için
etraflarında hipoksik bir çevreye ihtiyaç duyarlar ve katlanmamış protein yanıtı 'nın uyarılması bu yanıtta
kilit bir rol oynar. Kanserin stresli bir mikroçevrede oluşması ve ilerlemesi sonucunda ortaya çıkan
onkogenik transformasyon süresince hücrelerin sağkalım stratejisi olarak katlanmamış protein yanıtını
aktive edebildiği çeşitli çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir. Son zamanlarda katlanmamış protein yanıtı sinyal
moleküllerinin kanser gelişimi boyunca fonksiyonlarının belirlenmesi için çalışmalar yürütülmektedir. Elde
edilen verilerle, çeşitli onkogen ve tümör baskılayıcı genlerin katlanmamış protein yanıtı ile ilişkisi ortaya
çıkmaya devam etmektedir. Bu sinyal yolaklarının birbirlerini etkileyip etkilemediklerini anlamamıza fayda
sağlayacak detaylı çalışmalar, katlanmamış protein yanıtı ve kanser mekanizmasının açığa çıkmasında
oldukça önemlidir. Bu derlemede katlanmamış protein yanıtı aktivasyonunun hem tümörü destekleyen hem
de tümörü baskılayan rollerini anlamamıza ışık tutacak bilgilerin yanında kanser tedavisi için katlanmamış
protein yanıtını hedefleyen yeni stratejilerin neler olduğu tartışılacaktır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Endoplazmik Retikulum stresi, katlanmamış protein yanıtı, kanser, terapötik hedef

The Role in Tumor Process of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Anticancer Treatments

Öz

Endoplasmic reticulum stress resulted from accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins have a large
impact on proliferation and survival of cancer cell. In order to grow, tumor cells need a hypoxic environment
and stimulation of the unfolded protein response plays a key role in this response. The emergence and
progression of the cancer under stressful microenvironment lead to oncogenic transformation. Several
studies have shown that during this process, cells could activate unfolded protein response as a survival
strategy. Recent studies have focused on relationship between unfolded protein response signal molecules
and cancer development; and association between various oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes with
unfolded protein response have been emerging. Detailed studies that will help us to understand the effect of
signalling pathways on each other's, are very important to figure out the unfolded protein response and cancer
mechanism. In this review, knowledge shed light on our understanding about roles of UPR on both tumor
sustaining and suppression and also new strategies targeting unfolded protein response for the treatment of
cancer will be discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Endoplasmic Reticulum stress, Unfolded protein response, cancer, therapeutic target

Kaynakça

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