Harpagophytum procumbens Ekstraktının Klinik Kullanımı

Yıl 2023, , 253 - 258, 22.12.2023

Dilek Akşit , Mustafa Erkek

https://doi.org/10.31196/huvfd.1307116

Öz

Günümüzde tedavide kullanılan ilaçların bazılarının yan etkileri ve toksisiteleri nedeniyle fitoterapi ve doğal tedavilere yönelim artmıştır. Tıbbi ve aromatik bitkiler içerisinde yer alan Harpagophytum procumbens (HP), meyvesi dış görünümü nedeniyle Şeytan pençesi olarak da isimlendirilmiştir. Şeytan pençesi bitkisi genellikle Güney Afrika’nın Kalahari Çölü, Namibya, Botswana, Zambiya, Zimbabwe ve Mozambik’te yetişen otsu bir bitkidir. Geleneksel tıpta, şeytan pençesi uzun yıllardır infüzyon, kaynatma, tentür, toz ve özüt formlarında kullanılmaktadır. Bitkinin köklerinde bulunan ana kimyasal bileşikler; iridoid glikozitler, triterpenoitler (oleanolik ve ursolik asit), şekerler (tetrasakkarit, stakioz), aromatik asitler (kafeik, sinnamik ve klorojenik asitler), fitosteroller (beta-sitosterol) ve flavonoitlerdir (luteolin ve kemferol). Son yıllarda yapılan araştırmalarda harpagosid ve harpagid gibi biyoaktif bileşenlerin, antienflamatuar, analjezik ve antioksidan etkilerinin olduğu bildirilmiştir. HP ekstraktlarındaki antioksidan aktiviteden sorumlu bileşenler, serbest radikal süpürücüsü olarak bilinen flavonoidler, hidrojen donörleri ve oksijen radikal nötürleştiricileri olarak işlev gören bitki fenolleridir. Klinik olarak şeytan pençesi sedatif, ateş düşürücü, öksürük kesici, yara iyileştirici, ülser ve çıbanlar gibi deri lezyonları ve hazımsızlık tedavisinde ayrıca osteoartrit, romatoid artrit, tip 2 diyabet, obezite, kan hastalıkları, kanser, kardiyovasküler ve pulmoner hastalıklar gibi çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Bu makalede HP’nin genel özellikleri ve klinik kullanımı mevcut literatürlerden yararlanılarak derlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Analjezik, Antienflamatuar,, Antioksidan,, Şeytan pençesi

Clinical Usage of Harpagophytum procumbens Extract

Öz

Due to the side effects and toxicities of some drugs used in treatment today, the orientation towards phytotherapy and natural therapies has increased. Harpagophytum procumbens (HP), which is among medicinal and aromatic plants, is also called Devil's Claw because of the external appearance of its fruit. Devil's claw is a herbaceous plant predominantly grown in South Africa's Kalahari Desert, Namibia, Botswana, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique. In traditional medicine, Devil's claw has been used in the forms of infusions, decoctions, tinctures, powders, and extracts for many years. The main chemical compounds found in the plant's roots include iridoid glycosides, triterpenoids (oleanolic and ursolic acid), sugars (tetrasaccharide, stachyose), aromatic acids (caffeic, cinnamic, and chlorogenic acids), phytosterols (beta-sitosterol), and flavonoids (luteolin and chempherol). In recent years, it has been reported that bioactive components such as harpagoside and harpagid have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant effects. The features responsible for the antioxidant activity in HP extracts are flavonoids known as free radical scavengers, plant phenols that act as hydrogen donors, and oxygen radical neutralizers. Clinically, Devil's claw is used as a sedative, antipyretic, antitussive, wound healer in the treatment of skin lesions such as ulcers and abscesses, and dyspepsia, as well as in the treatment of various diseases such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, type 2 diabetes, obesity, blood diseases, cancer, cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. This article reviews the general characteristics and clinical usage of HP using the available literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Analgesic, Antiinflammatory, Antioxidant, Devil

Kaynakça

• Açıkgöz Z, Bulut S, Orhan DD, 2020: Harpagophytum procumbens ve fitoterapide kullanımı. Ankara Ecz Fak Derg, 44 (3), 540-556.
• Anauate MC, Torres LM, De Mello SBV, 2010: Effect of isolated fractions of Harpagophytum procumbens D.C. (devil’s claw) on COX-1, COX-2 activity and nitric oxide production on whole-blood assay. Phytother Res, 24 (9), 1365–1369.
• Anauate MC, Torres LM, de Mello SBV, 2010: Effect of isolated fractions of Harpagophytum procumbens DC (Devil's claw) on COX‐1, COX‐2 activity and nitric oxide production on whole-blood assay. Phytother Res, 24 (9), 1365-1369.
• Asadi‐Samani M, Bagheri N, Rafieian‐Kopaei M, Shirzad H, 2017: Inhibition of Th1 and Th17 cells by medicinal plants and their derivatives: A systematic review. Phytother Res, 31 (8), 1128–1139.
• Atay I, Kirmizibekmez H, Kaiser M, Akaydin G, Yesilada E, Tasdemir D, 2016: Evaluation of in vitro antiprotozoal activity of Ajuga laxmannii and its secondary metabolites. Pharm Biol, 54 (9), 1808–1814.
• Betancor-Fernandez A, Perez-Galvez A, Sies H, Stahl W, 2010: Screening pharmaceutical preparations containing extracts of turmeric rhizome, artichoke leaf, devil’s claw root and garlic or salmon oil for antioxidant capacity. J Pharm Pharmacol, 55 (7), 981–986.
• Bindu S, Mazumder S, Bandyopadhyay U, 2020: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and organ damage: A current perspective. Biochem Pharmacol, 180, 114147.
• Chantre P, Cappelaere A, Leblan D, Guedon D, Vandermander J, Fournie B, 2000: Efficacy and tolerance of Harpagophytum procumbens versus diacerhein in treatment of osteoarthritis. Phytomedicine, 7, 177–183.
• Chicca A, Caprioglio D, Minassi A, Petrucci V, Appendino G, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Gertsch J, 2014: Functionalization of β-Caryophyllene generates novel polypharmacology in the endocannabinoid system. ACS Chem Biol, 107, 911499–911507.
• Chrubasik JE, Lindhorst E, Neumann E, Gerlach U, Faller-Marquardt M, Torda T, Müller-Ladner U, Chrubasik S, 2006: Potential molecular basis of the chondroprotective effect of Harpagophytum procumbens. Phytomedicine, 13 (8), 598-600.
• Chung HJ, Kim WK, Park HJ, Cho L, Kim MR, Kim MJ, Shin JS, Lee JH, Ha IH, Lee SK, 2016: Anti-osteoporotic activity of harpagide by regulation of bone formation in osteoblast cell culture and ovariectomy-induced bone loss mouse models. J Ethnopharmacol, 179, 66–75.
• Cragg GM, Newman DJ, 2013: Natural products: a continuing source of novel drug leads. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1830, 3670–3695.
• Dragos D, Gilca M, Gaman L, Vlad A, Iosif L, Stoian I, Lupescu O, 2017: Phytomedicine in joint disorders. Nutrients, 9 (1), 70.
• Georgiev MI, Alipieva K, Orhan IE, 2012: Cholinesterases inhibitory and antioxidant activities of Harpagophytum procumbens from in vitro systems. Phytother Res, 26, 313-316.
• Gfeller V, Huber M, Förster C, Huang W, Köllner T, Erb M, 2019: Root volatiles in plant-plant interactions I: High root sesquiterpene release is associated with increased germination and growth of plant neighbours. Plant Cell Environ, 42, 1950–1963.
• Grant L, McBean DE, Fyfe L, Warnock AM, 2007: A review of the biological and potential therapeutic actions of Harpagophytum procumbens. Phytother Res, 21 (3), 199-209.
• Guan L, Gong D, Yang S, Shen N, Zhang S, Li Y, Wu Q, Yuan B, Sun Y, Dai N, Zhu L, Zou Y, 2018: Genipin ameliorates diet‐induced obesity via promoting lipid mobilization and browning of white adipose tissue in rats. Phytother Res, 32 (4), 723–732.
• Gxaba N, Manganyi MC, 2022: The Fight against Infection and Pain: Devil’s Claw (Harpagophytum procumbens) a Rich Source of Anti-Inflammatory Activity: 2011–2022. Molecules, 27, 3637.
• Haseeb A, Ansari MY, Haqqi TM, 2017: Harpagoside suppresses IL‐6 expression in primary human osteoarthritis chondrocytes. J Orthop Res, 35 (2), 311–320.
• Haznagy-Radnai E, Rethy B, Czigle S, Zupko I, Weber E, Martinek T, Falkay G, Mathe I, 2008: Cytotoxic activities of Stachys species. Fitoterapia, 79, 595–597.
• Hu S, Belcaro G, Cesarone MR, Feragalli B, Cotellese R, Dugall M, Scipione C, Scipione V, Maione C, Maramaldi G, Togni S, Riva A, 2021: A sport cream (Harpago-Boswellia-ginger-escin) for localized neck/shoulder pain. Minerva Med, 112, 255–260.
• Huang THW, Tran VH, Duke RK, Tan S, Chrubasik S, Roufogalis BD, Duke CC, 2006: Harpagoside suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced iNOS and COX-2 expression through inhibition of NF-kappa B activation. J Ethnopharmacol, 104 (1-2), 149-155.
• Iliev ID, Funari VA, Taylor KD, Nguyen Q, Reyes CN, Strom SP, Brown J, Becker CA, Fleshner PR, Dubinsky M, Rotter JI, Wang HL, McGovern DPB, Brown GD, David M Underhill DM, 2012: Interactions between commensal fungi and the C-type lectin receptor Dectin-1 influence colitis. Science, 336, 1314–1317.
• Inaba K, Murata K, Naruto S, Matsuda H, 2010: Inhibitory effects of Devil’s claw (secondary root of Harpagophytum procumbens) extract and harpagoside on cytokine production in mouse macrophages. J Nat Med, 64 (2), 219-222.
• Kaszkin M, Beck KF, Koch E, Erdelmeier C, Kusch S, Pfeilschifter J, Loew D, 2004: Downregulation of iNOS expression in rat mesangial cells by special extracts of Harpagophytum procumbens derives from harpagoside-dependent and independent effects. Phytomedicine, 11 (7-8), 585-595.
• Khumalo GP, Van Wyk BE, Feng Y, Cock IE, 2022: A review of the traditional use of southern African medicinal plants for the treatment of inflammation and inflammatory pain. J Ethnopharmacol, 283, 114436.
• Kim SR, Koo KA, Sung SH, Ma CJ, Yoon JS, Kim YC, 2003: Iridoids from Scrophularia buergeriana attenuate glutamate-induced neurotoxicity in rat cortical cultures. J Neurosci Res, 74, 948–955.
• Lim DW, Kim JG, Han D, Kim YT, 2014: Analgesic effect of Harpagophytum procumbens on postoperative and neuropathic pain in rats. Molecules, 19 (1), 1060-1068.
• Locatelli M, Ferrante C, Carradori S, Secci D, Leporini L, Chiavaroli A, Leone S, Recinella L, Orlando G, Martinotti S, Brunetti L, Vacca M, Menghini L, 2017: Optimization of aqueous extraction and biological activity of Harpagophytum procumbens root on ex vivo rat colon inflammatory model. Phytother Res, 31 (6), 937-944.
• Mahomed IM, Ojewole JAO, 2005: Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic properties of Harpagophytum procumbens DC (Pedaliaceae) secondary root aqueous extract. Phytother Res, 18, 982–989.
• Mamadalieva NZ, El-Readi MZ, Ovidi E, Ashour ML, Hamoud R, Sagdullaev SS, Azimova SS, Tiezzi A, Wink M, 2013: Antiproliferative, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the chemical constituents of Ajuga turkestanica. Phytopharmacology, 4 (1), 1–18.
• Mncwangi N, Chen W, Vermaak I, Viljoen AM, Gericke N, 2012: Devil's Claw-a review of the ethnobotany, phytochemistry and biological activity of Harpagophytum procumbens. J Ethnopharmacol, 143 (3), 755–771.
• Morea, M, Lussier B, Pelletier JP, Martel-Pelletier J, Bedard C, Gauvin D, Troncy E, 2014: A medicinal herb-based natural health product improves the condition of a canine natural osteoarthritis model: A randomized placebo-controlled trial. Res Vet Sci, 97, 574–581.
• Moura MDG, Lopes LC, Biavatti MW, Kennedy SA, Silva MCO, Silva MT, Bergamaschi CC, 2017: Oral herbal medicines marketed in Brazil for the treatment of osteoarthritis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis. Phytother Res, 31 (11), 1676–1685.
• Nyberg ST, Singh-Manoux A, Pentti J, Madsen IE, Sabia S, Alfredsson L, Bjorner JB, Borritz M, Burr H, Goldberg M, Heikkila K, Jokela M, Knutsson A, Lallukka T, Lindbohm JV, Nielsen ML, Nordin M, Oksanen T, Pejtersen JH, Rahkonen O, Rugulies R, Shipley MJ, Sipila PN, Stenholm S, Suominen S, Vahtera J, Virtanen M, Westerlund H, Zins M, Hamer M, Batty GD, Kivimaki M, 2020: Association of healthy lifestyle with years lived without major chronic diseases. JAMA Intern Med, 180, 760–768.
• Parenti C, Arico G, Chiechio S, Di Benedetto G, Parenti R, Scoto G, 2015: Involvement of the heme-oxygenase pathway in the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic activity of Harpagophytum procumbens in rats. Molecules, 20 (9), 16758-16769.
• Parenti C, Arico G, Pennisi M, Venditti A, Scoto GM, 2016: Harpagophytum procumbens extract potentiates morphine antinociception in neuropathic rats. Nat Prod Res, 30 (11), 1248-1255.
• Pritsas A, Tomou EM, Tsitsigianni E, Papaemmanouil CD, Diamantis DA, Chatzopoulou P, Tzakos AG, Skaltsa H, 2021: Valorisation of stachysetin from cultivated Stachys iva Griseb. as anti-diabetic agent: a multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn, 39 (17), 6452-6466.
• Recinella L, Chiavaroli A, Ronci M, Menghini L, Brunetti L, Leone S, Tirillini B, Angelini P, Covino S, Venanzoni R, Zengin G, Simone SD, Ciferri MC, di Giacomo V, Cataldi A, Rapino M, Valerio VD, Orlando G, Ferrante C, 2020: Multidirectional pharma-toxicological study on Harpagophytum procumbens DC. ex Meisn.: An IBD-focused investigation. Antioxidants, 9, 168.
• Rotunno R, Oppo I, Saetta G, Aveta P, Bruno S, 2018: NSAIDs and heart failure: A dangerous relationship. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis, 88, 950.
• Sawa T, Nakao M, Akaike T, Ono K, Maeda H, 1999: Alkylperoxyl radical-scavenging activity of various flavonoids and other phenolic compounds: Implications for the anti-tumor-promoter effect of vegetables. J Agric Food Chem, 47 (2), 397–402.
• Schopohl P, Grüneberg P, Melzig MF, 2016: The influence of harpagoside and harpagide on TNFα-secretion and cell adhesion molecule mRNA-expression in IFNγ/LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells. Fitoterapia, 110, 157–165.
• Serrano A, Ros G, Nieto G, 2018: Bioactive compounds and extracts from traditional herbs and their potential anti-ınflammatory health effects. Medicines, 5 (3), 76.
• Stewart KM, Cole D, 2005: The commercial harvest of devil’s claw (Harpagophytum spp.) in southern Africa: The devil’s in the details. J Ethnopharmacol, 100 (3), 225–236.
• Tang Y, Yang XK, Zhang XW, Wu WT, Zhang FL, Jiang H, Liu YL, Amatore C, Huang WH, 2020: Harpagide, a natural product, promotes synaptic vesicle release as measured by nanoelectrode amperometry. Chem Sci, 11 (3), 778–785.
• Tapasvi S, 2022: Clinical efficacy of nutraceuticals in the management of osteoarthritis. Int J Orthop Sci, 8 (3), 17-23.
• Uchida S, Hirai K, Hatanaka J, Hanato J, Umegaki K, Yamada S, 2008: Antinociceptive effects of St. John’s wort, Harpagophytum procumbens extract and grape seed Proanthocyanidins extract in mice. Biol Pharm Bull, 31, 240–245.
• Ucuncu Y, Celik N, Ozturk C, Turkoglu M, Cetin N, Kockara N, Sener E, Dundar C, Arslan A, Dogan H, Kurt N, Suleyman H, 2015: Chondroprotective effects of a new glucosamine combination in rats: gene expression, biochemical and histopathological evaluation. Life Sci, 130, 31-37.
• Villasenor IM, 2007: Bioactivities of iridoids. Anti Inflamm Anti Allergy Agents Med Chem, 6, 307–314. Wang K, Lou Y, Xu H, Zhong X, Huang Z, 2020: Harpagide from Scrophularia protects rat cortical neurons from oxygenglucose deprivation and reoxygenation-induced injury by decreasing endoplasmic reticulum stress. J Ethnopharmacol, 253, 1–10.
• Wegener T, Lüpke NP, 2003: Treatment of patients with arthrosis of hip or knee with an aqueous extract of devil's claw (Harpagophytum procumbens DC.). Phytother Res, 17 (10), 1165–1172.
• Zhou WB, Lou LY, Zhong MX, Huang Z, 2017: Effects of harpagide on nerve cell and caspase-independent apoptotic signaling pathway in MCAO mice. Chin Pharmacol Bull, 33 (12), 1754–1761.