A Study on Validity and Reliability of "Private Tutoring Tendency Scale" Concerning the Secondary Education Students
Abstract
The transition between the educational levels in Turkey is depended on exams, which causes students enter into a competitive atmosphere beginning from an early age. Involving into a competitive atmosphere in an early age, the students need further support. They meet this need via private course, study centers, courses, and private tutoring. TED (2010) report stated that the level the students begin to have private tutoring decreased as low as first classes in the primary schools. Although private tutoring have become an issue that the students encounter in such early ages, the studies conducted on this issue seem to be limited. The objective of this study is to determine the validity and reliability of "Private Tutoring Tendency Scale of the Secondary Education Students". The sample of the scale was consisted of 704 students from 7 high schools in Istanbul (6 state schools and 1 private school). For the analysis of the data, SPSS.20 and Lisrel 8.51 package programs were used. Focus group discussions were held with the 12th grade students and literature review was conducted for preparing the item pool about the scale. In determining the items in the item pool, the views of domain experts, philologists, Psychological Counseling and Guidance experts, and assessment and evaluation experts were taken into account. Necessary permissions were gained from the Istanbul Provincial Directorate of National Education, for implementation of the scale, which was composed of 40 items. In order to determine the conformity of the collected data for the analyses, results of KaiserMeyerOlkin (KMO) and Bartlett tests were examined, after which it was determined that [KMO=0,871, X^2=7788,3 p< ,00] the data was suitable for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). In determining the factor structure of the scale, explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. According to the results of the EFA, the ultimate condition of the scale was composed of 33 items under 4 factors, which accounted for 44,53 % of the total variance. According to the EFA results, the item load values varied between 0,51 and 0,82. Moreover, it was determined that the fit indices obtained based on the results of the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were confirming the results of the EFA. Cronbach Alpha internal consistency coefficients of the scale were calculated as; 0,84 for the Cognitive Dimension, 0,79 for the Affective Dimension, 0,77 for the Operational Dimension, 0,87 for the Socio-Economic Dimension. Additionally, according to the result of Test-Repeat-Test conducted 3 weeks apart, the relation between the points was determined as 0,71. As the conclusion of the conducted analyses, it was determined that the developed "Private Tutoring Tendency Scale" was a valid and reliable scale.
Keywords
Kaynakça
- Addi-Raccah A. ve Dana O. (2015) Private tutoring intensity in schools: a comparison between high and low socio-economic schools, International Studies in Sociology of Education, 25:3, 183-203, DOI: 10.1080/09620214.2015.1069719
- Akgül, A., ve Çevik, O. (2003). İstatiksel analiz teknikleri. Ankara: Emek Ofset.
- Altinyelken, H. K. (2013). The Demand for Private Tutoring in Turkey. In Private Tutoring Across the Mediterranean (pp. 187-204). SensePublishers.
- Aurini, J., ve Davies, S. (2004). The transformation of private tutoring: Education in a franchise form. The Canadian Journal of Sociology, 29(3), 419-438.
- Aurini, J., ve Davies, S. (2014). Supplementary education in a changing organizational field: The canadian case. In Out of the Shadows: The Global Intensification of Supplementary Education. 155-170.
- Bacanlı, H., ve Dombaycı, M. A. (2013). Kapatılma veya dönüştürülme ayrımında dershaneler. Ankara: ASEM.
- Biçer, A., Capraro, M. M., ve Capraro, R. M. (2013). The journey of a middle school student: Explorations of mathematics private tutoring in school life. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 3(3), 123-136.
- Bray, M. (2006). The shadow education system: Private tutoring and its implications for planners. Fundamentals of Educational Planning. Paris: UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning (IIEP). 2th Edition.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
Türkçe
Konular
-
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yayımlanma Tarihi
30 Aralık 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi
5 Mayıs 2018
Kabul Tarihi
11 Mayıs 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 1970 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2
Cited By
Negative Effects of Private Tutoring on Stakeholders from Teachers' Perspective
e-International Journal of Educational Research
https://doi.org/10.19160/e-ijer.1016071Evaluation Of The High School Entrance Exam (HSEE) Preparation Process
İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.1054829Determining Tendency Levels and Opinions of Secondary School 12th Grade Students on Private Tutoring
Kuramsal Eğitimbilim
https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1178067Örgün öğretimden açık liseye geçiş nedenleri: Bir durum çalışması
Açıköğretim Uygulamaları ve Araştırmaları Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.51948/auad.1214224Development of Recycling Attitude Scale
Kuramsal Eğitimbilim
https://doi.org/10.30831/akukeg.1316813