Türk Medeni Kanunu’nun 187. Maddesi incelendiğinde evlenen kadın, soyadını değiştirmeye zorlanmaktadır. Bu maddenin kadının kişilik hakkını, ayrımcılık yasağını ve kamu düzenini ihlal edip etmediği birçok karara konu olmuştur. Türkiye’de 2010 yılında yapılan değişiklik sonucunda Anayasa Mahkemesi'ne bireysel başvuru kabul edilmiş olunup, soyadı sorunu Anayasa Mahkemesi tarafından bireysel başvuruyla da incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada kadının soyadına ilişkin Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi, Anayasa Mahkemesi ve Yargıtay kararları ile Alman hukuku dikkate alınarak soruna çözüm önerisi getirilmeye çalışılacaktır.
Kadının soyadı Kadın hakları Ayrımcılık yasağı Kişilik hakkı Yargı kararları
The problem
of women’s surname has been one of the most controversial matters in European
Court of Human Rights as well as in the Turkish jurisprudence. According to the
"Turkish Civil Law Art. 187 ", married women are bound to carry their
husband’s surname. They are allowed to use their former surname before their
husband's surname either with a written application approved by the marriage
officer, or later through written permission of Government Administration.
Women can claim the right to use one surname only, even if they had two before
marriage.”
Turkish Law
Art. 187 forcing women to carry their husbands’ last name is contrary to the
principle of democracy and it has been discussed in front of many courts. In
Turkish law, child takes his father's surname when parents are married,
otherwise his mother's last name. Women birth name is replaced by husband's
surname after marriage and this is against freedom and equal opportunity.
Acquisition and replacement of the surname should be a personal right. It is
instead regulated by the Family Law against personal rights.
Individuals
are socially well-known by their names and surnames. For this reason, the right
to one's name and surname belongs strictly to one's personal rights. Using a
surname can be a privilege but at the same time an obligation. Surname is
"non erasable". Once surname is acquired, it can be changed only by
justice for justified reason. The preservation of the invariance and continuity
of the names and surnames of persons, is not only interest of the owner, but it
is also interest of the society in which the person lives.
Indeed, the name and surname
of the person are distinguished from other persons in society in his social
relations and legal procedures. In this respect, securing the permanence of the
names and surnames of the persons prevents the confusion and ambiguity in
determining the rights and obligations.
Forcing an adult to change his
surname violates his personal rights as well as the public interest. In this
essay, the problems of the women's surname during marriage are discussed in
light of the decisions and to make improvements.
Women's Surname Women's Rights Non-Discrimination Personality Judicial Decisions
Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
---|---|
Bölüm | Makaleler |
Yazarlar | |
Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Ağustos 2017 |
Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2 |
Uluslararası Politik Araştırmalar Dergisi ücretsiz bir dergidir. Makalelerin başvuru ve yayınlanma sürecinde yazarlardan hiçbir ücret talep edilmemektedir.
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