Araştırma Makalesi
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Kadın Çalışanların Kadınsı Cinsiyet Normları ve İşin Anlamlılığı Arasındaki Etkileşimde Cinsiyet Rol Stresinin Aracı Rolü

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 42 - 56, 31.05.2018
https://doi.org/10.25203/idd.331875

Öz

 Amaç :  Araştırmanın
amacı kadın çalışanların kadınsı cinsiyet normları ve işe adanmışlıkları
arasındaki ilişkide cinsiyet rol stresinin aracı rolünü ortaya koymaktır.

Tasarım/Yöntem:Niceliksel
araştırma yöntemleriyle kolayda örneklem yoluyla
  Batı Karadeniz  il ve ilçelerinde 412 kadın çalışan üzerine
yapılmıştır.
 Toplanan anketler öncelikle
geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizine tabi tutulduktan sonra
  tanımlayıcı istatistik, korelasyon ve
regresyon testleri uygulanmıştır.

Sonuçlar:Analiz
sonuçlarına göre cinsiyet rol stresinin kadınsı cinsiyet normları ve işe
adanmşlıkları arasında aracı rolü gözlenmiştir.

Özgün Değer:Kadınların
ev ve iş yerinde üstlenmiş olduğu farklı rollerin
 işin anlamlılığını nasıl etkilediğini ortaya
koymak ve alanyazına bu açıdan katkı sağlamak özgün değeridir. Araştırma iki
sosyal kuram üzerine bina edilmiştir; sosyal norm ve sosyal rol kuramları.
Ayrıca araştırmada
 toplumumuzda kadının
iş hayatındaki işin anlamlılığı algısını arttırabilecek sosyal cinsiyet
normlarının etkisinin ortaya konması amaçlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Afşar, S. T. (2014). Impact of Quality of Work-life on Organizational Commitment, International Journal of Social Sciences, 3(4), 124-152.
  • Akerlof, G.A. & R.E. Kranton (2000). Economics and identity. Quarterly Journal of Economics 115: 715–753.
  • Akın, A., Hamedoğlu, M.A., Kaya, Ç. & Sarıçam, H. (2013). Turkish Version of the Work and Meaning Inventory (WAMI): Validity and Reliability Study, Journal of European Education, 3(2), 11-16.
  • Allan, B.A., Dexter, C., Kinsey, R. & Parker, S. (2016). Meaningful work and mental health: job satisfaction as a moderator, Journal of Mental Health, Early Online: 1–7.
  • Alparslan, A.M., Bozkurt, Ö.Ç. & Özgöz, A. (2015). İşletmelerde Cinsiyet Ayrımcılığı ve Kadın Çalışanların Sorunları, MAKÜ İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(3), 66-81.
  • Andreassi, J., Lawter, L., Brockerhoff, M. & Rutigliano, P. (2012). Job Satisfaction Determinants: A Study Across 48 Nations. In J.Tang (Ed.) Proceedings of 2012 Annual Meeting of the Academy of International Business-US North East. Chapter: Business Without Borders(pp.49-73). Fairfield CT: Sacred Heart University.
  • Amato, F. J. (2012). The Relationship of Violence to Gender Role Conflict and Conformity to Masculine Norms in a Forensic Sample, The Journal of Men’s Studies, 20(3), 187-208.
  • Beaglaoich, C., Sarma, K. & Morrison, T.G. (2013). New directions in gender role conflict research. In Gelfer, J. (Ed.), Masculinities in a global era (pp. 17-51). New York: Springer.
  • Bem, S. L. (1981). Gender schema theory: A cognitive account of sex typing, Psychological Review, 88, 354-364.
  • Bergman, E., Malm, D., Ljungquist, B., Berterö, C. & Karlsson, J.-E. (2012). Meaningfulness is not the most important component for changes in sense of coherence, European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 11(3), 331-338.
  • Bicchieri, C. (2006). The Grammar of Society: The Nature and Dynamics of Social Norms. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bicchieri, C. & A. Chavez (2010). Behaving as Expected: Public Information and Fairness Norms, Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 23(2), 161-178.
  • Bipp, T. (2010). What do people want from their jobs? The big five, core self-evaluations and work motivation, International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 18(1), 28-39.
  • Blakemore, J. E. O. (2003). Children’s beliefs about violating gender norms: Boys shouldn’t look like girls, and girls shouldn’t act like boys, Sex Roles, 48, 411-419.
  • Boudet, A.M., Pettesch, P. & Turk, C., with Thumala, A. (2012). On Norms And Agency. Conversations with Women and Men about Gender Equality in 20 Countries. Washington, DC: World Bank. (http://bit.ly/1jGGobQ, 12 Nisan 2017 tarihinde erişildi).
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  • Cialdini, Robert B. & Trost, M.R. (1998). Social Influence: Social Norms, Conformity and Compliance. In Gilbert, D., Fiske, S.T., and Lindzey, G.(Eds.), The Handbook of Social Psychology (4th ed, Vol.2, pp. 151–192). Boston: McGraw-Hill.
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  • Cohen-Meitar R., Carmeli A. ve Waldman D.A. (2009). Linking meaningfulness in the workplace to employee creativity: the intervening role of organisational identification and positive psychological experiences, Creativity Research Journal, 21, 361–375.
  • Coyle, E. F., Van Leer, E., Fulcher, M. & Schroeder, K. (2015). Assessing Emerging Adults’ Anticipated Work-Family Conflict and Coping Strategies, Sex Roles. Crane, M. & Markus, H. (1982). Gender identity: Benefits of a self-schema approach, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 1195-1197.
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  • Dempsey, S.E. & Sanders, M. L. (2010). Meaningful Work? Nonprofit Marketization and Work/Life Imbalance in Popular Autobiographies of Social Entrepreneurship, Organization, 17, 437-459.
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The Mediating Role of Gender Role Stress on the Relationship between Gender Norms and Meaningfulness of Job

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 42 - 56, 31.05.2018
https://doi.org/10.25203/idd.331875

Öz



Objectives:  The purpose of the research is to reveal mediation role
of gender role stress on the relation between gender norms and meaningfulness
of job .



 



Design/ Method: Datas
were collected through convenience sampling method from 412  female employees in West Blacksea cities  and districts. After conducting validity and
reliability tests, descriptive, corelation and regression analysis were done.



 



Results: According
to the results of analysis mediating role gender role stress on the relation
between gender norms and meaninfulness of job 
is observed .



 



Originality:  C ontributing
to the literature by presenting how the different roles of women assumed at
work and home effect their work engagement and meaningfulness is originality of
research . The research is grounded on two social theories; social norms and
social role theories. It is also intended that with this research , we will be
able to find out the effects of social gender norms on enhancing women’s
perceptions of  meaningfulness.



Kaynakça

  • Afşar, S. T. (2014). Impact of Quality of Work-life on Organizational Commitment, International Journal of Social Sciences, 3(4), 124-152.
  • Akerlof, G.A. & R.E. Kranton (2000). Economics and identity. Quarterly Journal of Economics 115: 715–753.
  • Akın, A., Hamedoğlu, M.A., Kaya, Ç. & Sarıçam, H. (2013). Turkish Version of the Work and Meaning Inventory (WAMI): Validity and Reliability Study, Journal of European Education, 3(2), 11-16.
  • Allan, B.A., Dexter, C., Kinsey, R. & Parker, S. (2016). Meaningful work and mental health: job satisfaction as a moderator, Journal of Mental Health, Early Online: 1–7.
  • Alparslan, A.M., Bozkurt, Ö.Ç. & Özgöz, A. (2015). İşletmelerde Cinsiyet Ayrımcılığı ve Kadın Çalışanların Sorunları, MAKÜ İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 2(3), 66-81.
  • Andreassi, J., Lawter, L., Brockerhoff, M. & Rutigliano, P. (2012). Job Satisfaction Determinants: A Study Across 48 Nations. In J.Tang (Ed.) Proceedings of 2012 Annual Meeting of the Academy of International Business-US North East. Chapter: Business Without Borders(pp.49-73). Fairfield CT: Sacred Heart University.
  • Amato, F. J. (2012). The Relationship of Violence to Gender Role Conflict and Conformity to Masculine Norms in a Forensic Sample, The Journal of Men’s Studies, 20(3), 187-208.
  • Beaglaoich, C., Sarma, K. & Morrison, T.G. (2013). New directions in gender role conflict research. In Gelfer, J. (Ed.), Masculinities in a global era (pp. 17-51). New York: Springer.
  • Bem, S. L. (1981). Gender schema theory: A cognitive account of sex typing, Psychological Review, 88, 354-364.
  • Bergman, E., Malm, D., Ljungquist, B., Berterö, C. & Karlsson, J.-E. (2012). Meaningfulness is not the most important component for changes in sense of coherence, European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 11(3), 331-338.
  • Bicchieri, C. (2006). The Grammar of Society: The Nature and Dynamics of Social Norms. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Bicchieri, C. & A. Chavez (2010). Behaving as Expected: Public Information and Fairness Norms, Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 23(2), 161-178.
  • Bipp, T. (2010). What do people want from their jobs? The big five, core self-evaluations and work motivation, International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 18(1), 28-39.
  • Blakemore, J. E. O. (2003). Children’s beliefs about violating gender norms: Boys shouldn’t look like girls, and girls shouldn’t act like boys, Sex Roles, 48, 411-419.
  • Boudet, A.M., Pettesch, P. & Turk, C., with Thumala, A. (2012). On Norms And Agency. Conversations with Women and Men about Gender Equality in 20 Countries. Washington, DC: World Bank. (http://bit.ly/1jGGobQ, 12 Nisan 2017 tarihinde erişildi).
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (2005). Making human beings human: Bioecological perspectives on human development. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  • Christian, M. S., Garza, A. S. & Slaughter, J. (2011). Work Engagement: A Quantitative Review and Test of its relations with Task and Contextuaş Performance, Personell Psychology, 64, 89-136.
  • Cialdini, Robert B. & Trost, M.R. (1998). Social Influence: Social Norms, Conformity and Compliance. In Gilbert, D., Fiske, S.T., and Lindzey, G.(Eds.), The Handbook of Social Psychology (4th ed, Vol.2, pp. 151–192). Boston: McGraw-Hill.
  • Coetzee, M. (2009). Psychological career resources and subjective work experiences of working adults: An exploratory study, Southern African Business Review, 13(2), 1-31.
  • Cohen-Meitar R., Carmeli A. ve Waldman D.A. (2009). Linking meaningfulness in the workplace to employee creativity: the intervening role of organisational identification and positive psychological experiences, Creativity Research Journal, 21, 361–375.
  • Coyle, E. F., Van Leer, E., Fulcher, M. & Schroeder, K. (2015). Assessing Emerging Adults’ Anticipated Work-Family Conflict and Coping Strategies, Sex Roles. Crane, M. & Markus, H. (1982). Gender identity: Benefits of a self-schema approach, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, 1195-1197.
  • Crawford, E.A., Rich, B.L., Buckman, B. & Bergeron, J. (2014). The antecedents and rivers of employee engagement. In Truss, C. et al. (Eds), Employee Engagement in Theory and Practice (pp. 57–81). London: Routledge.
  • Crouter, A. C. (1984). Spillover from family to work: The neglected side of the work-family interface, Human Relations, 37, 425-441.
  • Curtin, N., Ward, L. M., Merriwether, A. & Caruthers, A. (2011). Femininity ideology and sexual health in young women: A focus on sexual knowledge, embodiment, and agency, International Journal of Sexual Health, 23(1), 48-62.
  • Del Libano, M., Llorens, S., Salanova, M. & Schaufeli, W.B. (2012). About the dark and bright sides of self-efficacy: workaholism and work engagement, Spanish Journal of Psychology, 15, 688–701.
  • Dempsey, S.E. & Sanders, M. L. (2010). Meaningful Work? Nonprofit Marketization and Work/Life Imbalance in Popular Autobiographies of Social Entrepreneurship, Organization, 17, 437-459.
  • Dik, B. J. & Duffy, R. D. (2009). Calling and Vocation at Work: Definitions and Prospects for Research and Practice, 37(3), 424-450.
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  • Koç, M., Avcı, Ö.H. & Bayar, Ö. (2017). Kadın Toplumsal Cinsiyet Rolü Stresi Ölçeği’nin (KTCRSÖ) Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması, Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 41, 284-297.
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  • Levant, R. F. vd. (2007). Initial validation of the Male Role Norms Inventory-Revised (MRNI-R), The Journal of men’s Studies, 15(1), 83-100.
  • Liu, W. M., Rochlen, A. & Mohr, J. J. (2005). Real and ideal gender-role conflict: Exploring psychological distress among men, Psychology of Men & Masculinity, 6(2), 137-148.
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  • Mahalik, J. R.. (2005). Development of the conformity to Feminine Norms Inventory, Sex Roles, 52, 417-435.
  • MacIntosh, J., Wuest, J., Gray, M. M. & Cronkhite, M. (2010). Workplace bullying in health care affects the meaning of work, Qualitative Health Research, 20(8), 1128-1141.
  • Mayor, E. (2015). Gender roles and traits in stress and health, Frontiers of Psychology, 6, 779.
  • Moore, T. M. & Stuart, G.L. (2004). Effects of masculine gender role stress on men’s cognitive, affective, physiological and aggressive responses to intimate conflict situations, Psychology of Men and Masculinity, 5, 132-142.
  • Nord,W. R., Brief, A. P., Atieh, J. M. & Doherty, E. M. (1990). Studying meanings of work: The case of work values. In A. P. Brief &W. R. Nord (Eds.), Meanings of occupational work (pp. 21–64). Lexington: Lexington Books.
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  • O’Neil, J. M. & Denke, R. (2016). An empirical review of gender role conflict research: New conceptual models and research paradigms. In Wong, Y. J., Wester, S. R., Wong, Y. J., and Wester, S. R. (Eds.), APA handbook of men and masculinities (pp. 51-79). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
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  • Pool, G.J, Schwegler, A.F, Theodore B.R & Fuchs P.N (2007). Role of gender norms and group identification on hypothetical and experimental pain tolerance, Pain, 129, 122–129.
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  • Sirgy, M. J., Reilly, N., Wu J. & Efraty, D. (2008). A Work-Life Identity Model of Well-Being: Towards a Research Agenda Linking Quality-of-Work-Life (QWL) Programs with Quality of Life (QOL), Applied Research in Quality of Life, 3(3), 181-202.
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  • Sturges, J., Conway, N. & Liefooghe, A. (2010). Organizational support, individual attributes, and the practice of career self-management behavior, Group & Organization Management, 35(1), 108-141.
  • Thapisa, A. P. N. (1989). The Meaningfulness of Work: Improving the Quality of Life Through Job Enrichment. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1989.
  • Thomas, K. W. (2009). Intrinsic Motivation at Work (2nd Ed.). San Fransisco: Berrett-Koehler Pub.
  • Vallerand, R. J. (2012). From motivation to passion: In search of the motivational processes involved in a meaningful life, Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne, 53(1), 42-52.
  • Wallace, C., Pichler, F. & Hayes, B.C. (2007). First European Quality of Life Survey. European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions. Loughlinstown, Dublin. (https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/sites/default/files/ef_ publication/field_ef_document/ef0695en.pdf, 08 Haziran 2017 tarihinde erişildi).
  • West, C. & Fenstermaker, S. (1995). Doing difference, Gender & Society, 9 (1), 8-37.
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  • Wrzesniewski, A., LoBuglio, N., Dutton, J. E. & Berg, J. M. (2013). Job crafting and cultivating positive meaning and identity in work, Advances in positive organizational psychology, 1(1), 281-302.
  • Wu, Y. & Shih, K. (2010). The Effects of Gender Role on Perceived Job Stress, The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning, 6 (2), 74-79.
Toplam 100 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İşletme
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Serdar Yener

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Mayıs 2018
Kabul Tarihi 7 Nisan 2018
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yener, S. (2018). Kadın Çalışanların Kadınsı Cinsiyet Normları ve İşin Anlamlılığı Arasındaki Etkileşimde Cinsiyet Rol Stresinin Aracı Rolü. İş’te Davranış Dergisi, 3(1), 42-56. https://doi.org/10.25203/idd.331875

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