A multi-school approach in urban morphogenesis: Batman's urban fabric

Öz

This study analyzes the urban evolution of Batman, an industrial-based Republican city in Turkey, exploring the concepts of accelerated urban morphogenesis and compressed urbanization. Rapidly formed around the petroleum industry, the city developed a complex, hybrid, and layered form driven by intense migration and planning interventions. The research synthesizes the Conzenian, Italian, and French schools of urban morphology with quantitative Space Syntax and Fractal Dimension analyses. Findings reveal the simultaneous coexistence of a linear industrial core, planned grids, radial axes, and organic peripheral areas. Furthermore, industrial zones empirically functioned as "fixation lines" and "inner fringe-belts". Ultimately, results demonstrate that Batman’s urban fabric evolved not through historical continuity, but via spatial ruptures, typological crises, and simultaneous morphological palimpsests. Consequently, this study provides a novel multi-school paradigm for analyzing rapidly emerging industrial cities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Urban morphology
• urban morphogenesis
• multi-school morphological reading
• space syntax analysis
• Batman

Kentsel morfogenezde çok ekollü yaklaşım: Batman kent dokusu

Öz

Bu çalışma, sanayi tabanlı bir Cumhuriyet kenti olan Batman'ın kentsel gelişimini “hızlandırılmış kentsel morfogenez” ve “sıkıştırılmış kentleşme” kavramları üzerinden detaylıca inceler. Petrol sanayisi etrafında kısa süre içerisinde hızla şekillenen kent; yoğun göç dalgaları ve planlama müdahaleleriyle oldukça karmaşık, hibrit ve katmanlı bir form üretmiştir. Araştırmada Conzenyen, İtalyan ve Fransız morfoloji ekollerinin sunduğu kavramsal çerçeveler; Mekânsal Dizim ve Fraktal Boyut Analizleri gibi nicel ve sayısal yöntemlerle bütüncül biçimde sentezlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular; kente özgü doğrusal sanayi çekirdeği, planlı ızgara dokular, radyal genişleme aksları ve organik çeperlerin eşzamanlı bir arada varlığını açıkça ortaya koymaktadır. Ayrıca sanayi bölgelerinin kentsel gelişim şemalarında "sabitleme hattı" ve "iç kenar kuşak" olarak işlev gördüğü ampirik verilerle doğrulanmıştır. Sonuçlar, Batman'ın kentsel formunun tarihsel ve kademeli bir süreklilikle değil, ani mekânsal kopuşlar, tipolojik krizler ve eşzamanlı morfolojik katmanlarla evrildiğini göstermektedir. Bu yönüyle çalışma, hızla oluşan sanayi kentlerinin analizi için çok ekollü yenilikçi bir çerçeve sunarak literatüre önemli katkı sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kentsel morfoloji
• kentsel morfogenez
• çok ekollü morfolojik okuma
• mekânsal dizim analizi
• Batman

Kaynakça

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