Evaluation of Measures in Urban Areas for Vehicle Bomb Attacks in The Context of City-Building Relation with AHP Method

Öz

Buildings and their surroundings, which are indispensable elements of the urban fabric, are seriously damaged by the city's attacks. Designers should consider the bomb risk to prevent the spread of damage and restore the damaged environment as soon as possible. In this study, it was determined that the damage to the structures depended on the characteristics of the explosion. The measures taken in the interaction between the city and the building, especially in vehicle bomb assaults, were then decided based on the literature research, which included standards from other nations and expert opinions. The subject experts evaluated these measures using the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method from the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methodology. Thus, the evaluations, it was concluded that the most important criterion in these attacks in the city is Distance to Public Roads, and the least important criterion is Access to Other Risky Buildings. After the criterion weights were found, these criteria were applied on two train station samples by observation-based detection method. Finally, this study, which offers suggestions against the bomb attacks in the city within the scope of its structure and its environment, is important for laying the foundations of conscious society and safe urbanization.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Vehicle-Borne Improvised Explosive Device Attacks
• Urban Attacks
• Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP)
• Environment
• Building Parcel

Kent - Yapı İlişkisi Bağlamında Araç Bomba Saldırılara Alınabilecek Önlemlerin AHP Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Kent içinde meydana gelen saldırılarda, kentsel dokunun vazgeçilmez unsurları olan yapılar ve yapıların çevreleri ciddi zararlar almışlardır. Hasarın yayılmasını önlemek ve hasar alacak çevrenin en kısa sürede eski haline getirmek için, bomba riskini göz önüne alan tasarımlar gerçekleştirmelidir. Bu çalışmada yapılar üzerinde oluşan hasarın, patlamanın hangi tür özelliklerine bağlı olduğu belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra farklı ülkelerin standartları ve uzman görüşlerini de içeren literatür taraması ışığında özellikle araç bomba saldırılarda kent ve yapı ilişkisi bağlamında alınabilecek önlemler belirlenmiştir. Bu önlemler Çok Kriterli Karar Verme (ÇKKV) metodolojisinden Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) yönteminden yararlanılarak konunun uzmanları tarafından değerlendirilmiştir. Değerlendirmeler sonucunda kent içindeki bu saldırılarda en önemli kriter Kamu Yollarına Mesafe, en az öneme sahip kriterin ise Diğer Riskli Yapılara Erişim kriteri olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Kriter ağırlıkları bulunduktan sonra bu kriterler gözleme dayalı tespit yöntemi ile iki tren istasyonu numunesi üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, kent içindeki bombalı saldırılara karşı yapı ve çevresi kapsamında öneriler sunan bu çalışma, bilinçli toplum ve güvenli kentleşmenin temellerinin atılmasına yönelik önem teşkil emektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Araç Bomba Saldırılar
• Kent İçi Bombalı Saldırılar
• Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP)
• Çevre
• Yapı Parseli

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