Araştırma Makalesi
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Spatial Treatments and Experiences of Individuals Working From Home During Covid-19 Pandemic

Yıl 2022, , 880 - 911, 02.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.962142

Öz

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected the world and caused substantial changes in people’s everyday lives in 2020. Precautions and restrictions taken by central authorities worldwide brought about the preference or even the necessity of working from home, especially for the office workers. Since the houses are not generally organized to provide all these actions, the need to make some appropriation has emerged, particularly in working spaces. In this article, the working conditions of individuals who work from their homes during Covid-19 pandemic and appropriations made by them on working spaces in their houses in order to increase their working motivation are examined and evaluated via semi-structured interviews conducted via telephone calls with 11 participants. As a consequence of the research, the Covid-19 pandemic-related necessity or preference of working from home requires providing a suitable environment in the home for working. Furthermore, physical conditions of the house, appropriation potential of the working space are used on the determination phase of working space. Considering that significant changes and transformations can be observed in working conditions around the world after the Covid-19 pandemic, it is crucial for work motivation to interrogate working conditions once more and offer solutions for professionals working from home.

Kaynakça

  • Almaıah, M. A., Al-Khasawneh, A., ve Althunıbat, A. (2020). Exploring the critical challenges and factors ınfluencing the e-learning system usage during Covid-19 pandemic. Education and Information Technologies, 25, 5261-5280. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10219-y
  • Barber, C. (2000). Five workplace myths. Knoll Research.
  • Bartik, A. W., Cullen, Z. B., Glaeser, E. L., Luca, M., & Stanton, C. T. (2020). What jobs are being done at home during the covıd-19 crisis? Evidence from firm-level surveys (No. w27422). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27422
  • Bloom, N. (2020). How working from home works out. Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, 1-8.
  • Bloom, N., Liang, J., Roberts, J., & Ying, Z. J. (2015). Does working from home work? Evidence from a Chinese experiment. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 130(1), 165-218. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qju032
  • Brown, G. (2009). Claiming a corner at work: Measuring employee territoriality in their workspaces. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29(1), 44-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.05.004
  • Clark, R. E. (2003). Fostering the work motivation of ındividuals and teams. Performance Improvement, 42(3), 21-29. https://doi.org/10.1002/pfi.4930420305
  • Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2008). Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Basics of Qualitative Research, 3rd ed.; Sage: Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
  • Dingel, J.I., Neıman, B. (2020). How many jobs can be done at home? Journal of Public Economics, 189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104235
  • Ellison, N. B. (2004). Telework and social change: How technology is reshaping the boundaries between home and work. Greenwood publishing group.
  • Feldman, R. M., & Stall, S. (1994). The politics of space appropriation. In I. Altman & A. Churchman (Eds.), Women and the environment. 167-199. Springer, Boston, MA. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-1504-7_7
  • Garber, M. (2020). Homes actually need to be practical now: One of the ironies of social distancing is that it can put privacy in short supply. 10 Şubat 2021 tarihinde The Atlantic: https://www.theatlantic.com/culture/archive/2020/03/finding-privacy-duringpandemic/608944/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Graumann, C. F. (1976). The concept of appropriation (aneignung) and modes of appropriation of space. Strasbourg, France. In P. Korosec-Serfaty (Ed.), Proceedings of the 3rd international architectural psychology conference. 113-125.
  • Greenberger, D. B., & Strasser, S. (1986). Development and application of a model of personal control in organizations. Academy of Management Review, 11(1), 164-177. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1986.4282657
  • Goffman E. (2020). Günlük yaşamda benliğin sunumu. (Çev. B. Cezar). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları. (Orijinal yayın tarihi, 1959).
  • Hayat Eve Sığar, (2020), 12 Nisan 2021 tarihinde https://hayatevesigar.saglik.gov.tr/ adresinden alındı. Hubbard, P., Reades, J., & Walter, H. (2020). Shrinking homes, covıd-19 and the challenge of homeworking. Town Planning Review, 92 (1) 3-10. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2020.46
  • Madeddu, M., & Clıfford, B. (2020). Housing quality, permitted development and the role of regulation after COVID-19. Town Planning Review, 92 (1) 41-48. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2020.52
  • Marcus, C. C. (1992). House as a mirror of self: exploring the deeper meaning of home. York Beach: Nicolas-Hays.
  • Maxwell, J. A., (2018). Nitel araştırma tasarımı etkileşimli bir yaklaşım, (Çev. M. Çevikbaş, Nobel Yayıncılık. Rıoux, L., Scrıma, F., & Werner, C. M. (2017). Space appropriation and place attachment: university students create places. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 50, 60-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.02.003
  • Randstad (2020) Workmonitor Covid-19 edisyonu – Haziran 2020: https://workforceinsights.randstad.com/hr-research-reports/workmonitor-covid19-june
  • Rapoport, R., Bailyn, L., Fletcher, J. K., & Pruitt, B. H. (2002). Beyond Work–Family Balance. Jossey-Bass: Wiley.
  • Schwarz, M., Scherrer, A., Hohmann, C., Heiberg, J., Brugger, A., Nuñez-Jimenez, A. (2020). Covıd-19 and the academy: it is time for going digital. Energy Research & Social Science, 68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101684
  • Un News. (2020). Business as Unusual: How Covid-19 could change the future of work. 25 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/05/1064802 adresinden erişildi.
  • The Indian Express, (2021). From France to Kenya: Countries that have imposed lockdowns to curb Covid-19 spread. 5 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/from-france-to-kenya-heres-a-list-of-countries-that-have-imposed-lockdowns-to-curb-covid-19-spread-7248222/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Tuna, A. A., & Türkmendağ, Z. (2020). Covid-19 pandemi döneminde uzaktan çalışma uygulamaları ve çalışma motivasyonunu etkileyen faktörler. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(3), 3246-3260. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2020.1037
  • WHO (World Health Organization), (2020), 14 Nisan 2021 tarihinde https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19 adresinden erişildi.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2018). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri. (11. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.

COVID-19 Salgını Sürecinde Evden Çalışan Birey-lerin Mekânsal Müdahaleleri ve Deneyimleri

Yıl 2022, , 880 - 911, 02.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.962142

Öz

Covid-19 salgını 2020 yılında tüm dünyayı etkilemiş ve insanların gündelik yaşam biçimlerinde belirgin değişikliklere neden olmuştur. Bulaşma riskinin azaltılması ve virüsün yayılma hızının düşürülmesi amacıyla merkezi otoriteler tarafından önlemler alınmış, kısıtlamalar uygulanmış ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından insanlara evde kalma çağrıları yapılmıştır. Bu değişim süreci bazı sektörler, özellikle ofis çalışanları için evden çalışma zorunluluğunu/tercihini de beraberinde getirmiştir. Bu makalede, salgın nedeniyle evlerinden çalışan bireylerin, salgın esnasında evden çalışma koşulları ile çalışma motivasyonlarını artırmak üzere evdeki çalışma mekânlarında yaptıkları uygunlaştırmalar incelenmekte ve değerlendirilmektedir. Bu amaçla farklı alanlarda çalışan 11 kişiyle telefon görüşmeleri yapılmış, yarı yapılandırılmış anket soruları ile evlerindeki çalışma koşulları sorulmuştur. Salgın sürecinde evden çalışma hakkında katılımcıların genel görüşünün olumlu olduğu ancak farklı roller için mekânsal ayrışmaların söz konusu olmadığı durumlarda özel yaşam ve iş hayatının gerekliliklerinin ayrımının zorlaştığı görülmüştür. Araştırma sonucunda salgının getirdiği evden çalışma zorunluluğu veya tercihinin, evde uygun bir çalışma ortamı sağlanmasını gerektirdiği ve çalışma alanının belirlenmesinde evin fiziksel imkanlarının yanı sıra mekânın uygunlaştırılabilirliği ve dış uyaranlardan izole edilebilirliğinin etkisi tespit edilmiştir. Covid-19 salgını sonrasında dünya genelindeki çalışma koşullarında belirgin değişim ve dönüşümler gözlemlenebileceği düşünülürse, çalışma olanaklarının tekrar sorgulanıp evden çalışanlara gerekli çözümlerin sunulması çalışma motivasyonu için önem taşımaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Almaıah, M. A., Al-Khasawneh, A., ve Althunıbat, A. (2020). Exploring the critical challenges and factors ınfluencing the e-learning system usage during Covid-19 pandemic. Education and Information Technologies, 25, 5261-5280. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10219-y
  • Barber, C. (2000). Five workplace myths. Knoll Research.
  • Bartik, A. W., Cullen, Z. B., Glaeser, E. L., Luca, M., & Stanton, C. T. (2020). What jobs are being done at home during the covıd-19 crisis? Evidence from firm-level surveys (No. w27422). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w27422
  • Bloom, N. (2020). How working from home works out. Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, 1-8.
  • Bloom, N., Liang, J., Roberts, J., & Ying, Z. J. (2015). Does working from home work? Evidence from a Chinese experiment. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 130(1), 165-218. https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qju032
  • Brown, G. (2009). Claiming a corner at work: Measuring employee territoriality in their workspaces. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 29(1), 44-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.05.004
  • Clark, R. E. (2003). Fostering the work motivation of ındividuals and teams. Performance Improvement, 42(3), 21-29. https://doi.org/10.1002/pfi.4930420305
  • Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2008). Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Basics of Qualitative Research, 3rd ed.; Sage: Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
  • Dingel, J.I., Neıman, B. (2020). How many jobs can be done at home? Journal of Public Economics, 189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2020.104235
  • Ellison, N. B. (2004). Telework and social change: How technology is reshaping the boundaries between home and work. Greenwood publishing group.
  • Feldman, R. M., & Stall, S. (1994). The politics of space appropriation. In I. Altman & A. Churchman (Eds.), Women and the environment. 167-199. Springer, Boston, MA. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4899-1504-7_7
  • Garber, M. (2020). Homes actually need to be practical now: One of the ironies of social distancing is that it can put privacy in short supply. 10 Şubat 2021 tarihinde The Atlantic: https://www.theatlantic.com/culture/archive/2020/03/finding-privacy-duringpandemic/608944/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Graumann, C. F. (1976). The concept of appropriation (aneignung) and modes of appropriation of space. Strasbourg, France. In P. Korosec-Serfaty (Ed.), Proceedings of the 3rd international architectural psychology conference. 113-125.
  • Greenberger, D. B., & Strasser, S. (1986). Development and application of a model of personal control in organizations. Academy of Management Review, 11(1), 164-177. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1986.4282657
  • Goffman E. (2020). Günlük yaşamda benliğin sunumu. (Çev. B. Cezar). İstanbul: Metis Yayınları. (Orijinal yayın tarihi, 1959).
  • Hayat Eve Sığar, (2020), 12 Nisan 2021 tarihinde https://hayatevesigar.saglik.gov.tr/ adresinden alındı. Hubbard, P., Reades, J., & Walter, H. (2020). Shrinking homes, covıd-19 and the challenge of homeworking. Town Planning Review, 92 (1) 3-10. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2020.46
  • Madeddu, M., & Clıfford, B. (2020). Housing quality, permitted development and the role of regulation after COVID-19. Town Planning Review, 92 (1) 41-48. https://doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2020.52
  • Marcus, C. C. (1992). House as a mirror of self: exploring the deeper meaning of home. York Beach: Nicolas-Hays.
  • Maxwell, J. A., (2018). Nitel araştırma tasarımı etkileşimli bir yaklaşım, (Çev. M. Çevikbaş, Nobel Yayıncılık. Rıoux, L., Scrıma, F., & Werner, C. M. (2017). Space appropriation and place attachment: university students create places. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 50, 60-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.02.003
  • Randstad (2020) Workmonitor Covid-19 edisyonu – Haziran 2020: https://workforceinsights.randstad.com/hr-research-reports/workmonitor-covid19-june
  • Rapoport, R., Bailyn, L., Fletcher, J. K., & Pruitt, B. H. (2002). Beyond Work–Family Balance. Jossey-Bass: Wiley.
  • Schwarz, M., Scherrer, A., Hohmann, C., Heiberg, J., Brugger, A., Nuñez-Jimenez, A. (2020). Covıd-19 and the academy: it is time for going digital. Energy Research & Social Science, 68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2020.101684
  • Un News. (2020). Business as Unusual: How Covid-19 could change the future of work. 25 Aralık 2020 tarihinde https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/05/1064802 adresinden erişildi.
  • The Indian Express, (2021). From France to Kenya: Countries that have imposed lockdowns to curb Covid-19 spread. 5 Mayıs 2020 tarihinde https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/from-france-to-kenya-heres-a-list-of-countries-that-have-imposed-lockdowns-to-curb-covid-19-spread-7248222/ adresinden erişildi.
  • Tuna, A. A., & Türkmendağ, Z. (2020). Covid-19 pandemi döneminde uzaktan çalışma uygulamaları ve çalışma motivasyonunu etkileyen faktörler. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(3), 3246-3260. https://doi.org/10.20491/isarder.2020.1037
  • WHO (World Health Organization), (2020), 14 Nisan 2021 tarihinde https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub/q-a-detail/coronavirus-disease-covid-19 adresinden erişildi.
  • Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2018). Nitel araştırma yöntemleri. (11. Baskı). Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
Toplam 27 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Betül Şahin 0000-0001-6653-3246

Gülçin Pulat Gökmen 0000-0003-1854-7525

Erenalp Büyüktopcu 0000-0002-1699-8456

Yayımlanma Tarihi 2 Ağustos 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Şahin, B., Pulat Gökmen, G., & Büyüktopcu, E. (2022). COVID-19 Salgını Sürecinde Evden Çalışan Birey-lerin Mekânsal Müdahaleleri ve Deneyimleri. İDEALKENT, 13(36), 880-911. https://doi.org/10.31198/idealkent.962142