OVERTOURISM AND TOURISMPHOBIA: EVOLUTION OF HOST AND TOURISM RELATIONSHIP

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 40, 347 - 362, 30.07.2019

Murat Duyar , Murat Bayram

https://doi.org/10.32003/iggei.570311

Cited By: 4

Öz

Overtourism describes destinations where locals or visitors, feel that
there are too many visitors and that the quality of life in the area or the
quality of the experience has deteriorated unacceptably. Overtourism, is
related to a variety of well-established causes, such as increased congestion
and privatization of public spaces, explosive growth of cruise tourism, the
rapid growth in numbers of seasonal and day visitors, the rise in tourism
induced real estate speculation and the associated decline in purchasing power
parity of local residents vs. visitors, the dismantling of socio-cultural
connectivity. As a result of these reasons, those who live in popular tourist
destinations are against to growing an unlimited tourist attraction. As a
result, there are negative attitudes towards tourism and tourists in some of
the most preferred destinations, especially in Venice and Barcelona, which do
not manage to sustain tourism growth in a sustainable way. It is necessary to
establish policies and actions that can manage this situation without stopping
the growth of tourism as an important employment generating and income
generating sector in the world. In this way, it will be possible to manage
potential destinations that are affected by over tourism, as well as managing
destinations affected by over tourism. Therefore the main purpose of this study
is to examine the current situation of the effects of overtourism and
overtourism in the conceptual framework. In addition, proposals to manage the
effects of overtourism were presented at the end of the research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Overtourism, Tourismphobia, Sustainable Tourism, Host and Tourism Relationship

AŞIRI TURİZM VE TURİZM KORKUSU: YEREL HALK VE TURİZM İLİŞKİSİNİN EVRİMİ

Öz

Aşırı turizm, yerel halkın ya da ziyaretçiler açısından, bir bölgede
çok fazla ziyaretçi olduğuna ve bölgedeki yaşam kalitesinin ya da turistik
deneyimin kalitesinin kabul edilemez bir şekilde kötüleşmesi anlamına
gelmektedir. Aşırı turizm artan tıkanıklık ve kamusal alanların
özelleştirilmesi, kruvaziyer turizmindeki artış, mevsimsel ve günlük
ziyaretçilerin sayısındaki hızlı büyüme, turizm artışına bağlı emlak
spekülasyonunu ve ziyaretçilere karşı yerel halkın satın alma gücü
paritesindeki düşüşü, sosyo-kültürel bağlantının ortadan kaldırılması gibi
nedenlerle ilgilidir. Bu nedenler neticesinde popüler turistik destinasyonlarda
yaşayanlar sınırsız bir turistik büyümeye karşı gelmektedirler. Buna bağlı
olarak turistik büyümeyi sürdürülebilir bir şekilde yönetememeden kaynaklı
Venedik ve Barselona başta olmak üzere çok tercih edilen bazı destinasyonlarda
turizme ve turiste karşı tutumlar oluşmaktadır. Dünya genelinde istihdam
yaratıcı ve gelir getirici önemli bir sektör olarak turizmin büyümesini
durdurmadan bu durumu yönetebilecek eylem ve politikaların oluşturulması
gerekmektedir. Böylece aşırı turizmden etkilenen destinasyonların yönetilmesi
ile birlikte aşırı turizmden etkilenebilecek potansiyel destinasyonların da
önlem alması sağlanabilecektir. Bu nedenle çalışmanın temel amacı, aşırı turizm
kavramı ve aşırı turizmin etkilerinin mevcut durumunu kavramsal çerçevede
incelenmektir. Ayrıca araştırmanın sonunda aşırı turizmin etkilerinin
yönetilmesine yönelik öneriler de sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aşırı Turizm, Sürdürülebilir Turizm, Yerel Halk ve Turizm İlişkisi, Turizm Korkusu, Yerel Halk ve Turizm İlişkisi

Kaynakça

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