Synergic Potential of Geranium Essential Oil and Ciprofloxacin Combination Against on Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli

Öz

Aim: The main purpose of our study is that Geranium essential oil obtained from Pelargonium graveolens plant is combined with ciprofloxacin, a quinolone antibiotic used in the treatment of infections, to reveal its antimicrobial effects against pathogenic microorganisms, which are common nosocomial infections, in an in vitro experimental model.

Methods: Antimicrobial activity of combinations of P. graveolens essential oil with antibiotic (ciprofloxacin) against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was determined by the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) detection method. The bactericidal effects of geranium oils and antibiotics were dynamically demonstrated by the time-dependent killing method of the samples. When geranium oil is used alone or in combination with ciprofloxacin, bacterial outer membrane damage was analyzed by U.V spectrophotometer at 625 nm wavelength.

Results A synergistic effect was observed between essential oil and essential oil+antibiotic combinations. Geranium+ciprofloxacin combination showed ∼87% and ∼78% reduction in E. coli and S. aureus proliferation, respectively. In the time-dependent determination of bacterial cell count, at 24 hours, the combination of ciprofloxacin + geranium was found to reduce the number of living cells, while the use of geranium and ciprofloxacin alone did not show complete destruction of cells compared to the combination. For E. coli and S. aureus, higher bactericidal membrane damage was observed in the groups where ciprofloxacin was used together with geranium oil than the other groups.

Conclusion: In this study, the antimicrobial effect of geranium oil, ciprofloxacin, and its combination were compared. Accordingly, the combination of ciprofloxacin + geranium oil was found to be more effective than both geranium oil and ciprofloxacin.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pelargonium graveolens
• geranium oil
• ciprofloxacin
• antimicrobial activity

Geranium Uçucu Yağı ve Siprofloksasin ile Kombinasyonlarının Stapyhlococcus Aureus ve Esherichia Coli'ye Karşı Sinerjik Potansiyeli

Öz

Amaç: Pelargonium graveolens bitkisinden elde edilen Geranium uçucu yağının, enfeksiyonların tedavisinde kullanılan kinolon grubu antibiyotiklerden biri olan siprofloksasin ile kombine edilerek, sık rastlanan hastane enfeksiyonu etkeni patojen mikroorganizmalara karşı antimikrobiyal etkilerinin in vitro deney modelinde gösterilmesi çalışmamızın temel amacını oluşturmaktadır.

Yöntem: P. graveolens uçucu yağının siprofloksasin ile kombinasyonlarının Staphylococcus aureus ve Escherichia coli’ye karşı antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri Minimal İnhibitör Konsantrasyon (MİK) saptama yöntemi ile tespit edildi. MİK değeri belirlenen örneklerin zamana bağlı öldürme yöntemi ile uçucu yağ ve antibiyotiğin bakterisidal etkisi dinamik olarak gösterildi. Geranium’un tek başına ve siprofloksasin ile kombinasyonlarının oluşturduğu bakteriyel dış zar hasarı 625 nm dalga boyunda U.V spektrofotometre ile analiz edildi.

Bulgular: Geranium+siprofloksasin kombinasyonlarında geranium ve siprofloksasin arasında sinerjistik etki gözlendi. Geranium+siprofloksasin kombinasyonu, sırasıyla E. coli ve S. aureus proliferasyonunda ∼%87 ve ∼%78 oranında azalma gösterdi. Zamana bağlı bakteri hücre sayısının tespitinde 24. saatte, siprofloksasin+geranium kombinasyonunun canlı hücre sayısını azalttığı tespit edilirken, geranium ve siprofloksasinin tek başına kullanımı kombinasyona kıyasla hücrelerin tam olarak yok edildiğini göstermedi. E. coli ve S. aureus için, siprofloksosasinin + geranium kombinasyonunun kullanıldığı gruplarda, diğer gruplardan daha yüksek bakterisidal membran hasarı gözlendi.

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda, geranium yağının antimikrobiyal etkisi ile siprofloksasin ve siprofloksasin+geranium kombinasyonunun antimikrobiyal etkisi karşılaştırıldı. Buna göre siprofloksasin+geranium kombinasyonu hem geranium yağından hemde siprofloksasinden daha etkin bulundu.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pelargonium graveolens
• geranium
• siprofloksasin
• antimikrobiyal aktivite

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