Üretkenlik Karşıtı Çalışma Davranışları Bağlamında Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 2, 473 - 489, 31.12.2023

Yavuz Demirel

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı çalışma hayatında yaygın olarak karşılaştığımız üretkenlik karşıtı çalışma davranışları kavramsal olarak inceleyerek bu davranışlar ile sosyal medya bağımlılığı arasındaki ilişkiyi teorik olarak ortaya koymaktır. Üretkenlik karşıtı çalışma davranışları, örgütlerin amaç ve hedeflerine ulaşmasını, etkinlik ve verimliliklerini etkileyen negatif içerikli davranışlardır. Üretkenlik karşıtı davranışlar aynı zamanda örgütün sosyal yapısı ve çalışanlarının sosyal ilişkilerini de zarar vermektedir. Bu nedenle kavram giderek önem kazanmakta ve kavrama yönelik akademik çalışmalar ise önemli ölçüde artmaktadır. Üretkenlik karşıtı davranışlar literatürde, politik sapma, kişisel saldırganlık, üretimden sapma ve mülkiyete zarar verme boyutları ile incelenmektedir. Sosyal medya, bireylerin sosyal medya araçları aracığıyla etkileşime girdiği sanal bir ortamdır. Sosyal medya bağımlılığı ise bireylerin sosyal medya araçlarını aşırı kullanmaları, kendilerini sosyal medya araçlarını kullanma konusunda engelleyememeleri veya sürekli sosyal medyayı kullanma dürtüsüyle hareket etmeleridir. Kısacası sosyal medya bağımlılığı, kişisel ve iş yaşamını olumsuz etkileyen davranışsal bir bağımlılıktır. Çalışmada sosyal medya bağımlılığı üretkenlik karşıtı çalışma davranışı olarak ele alınarak bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Üretkenlik Karşıtı Çalışma Davranışları, Sosyal Medya Bağımlılığı, Kavramsal Bir İnceleme

Social Media Addiction in The Context of Counterproductive Work Behaviors

Öz

The purpose of this study is to conceptually examine counterproductive work behaviors commonly encountered in working life and to theoretically reveal the relationship between these behaviors and social media addiction. Counterproductive work behaviors are negative behaviors that affect the ability of organizations to achieve their goals and objectives, and their efficiency and productivity. These behaviors also harm the social structure of the organization and the social relationships of its employees. Therefore, the concept is gaining importance and academic studies on the concept are significantly increasing. In the literature, counterproductive behaviors are examined in terms of political deviation, personal aggression, deviation from production and damage to property. Social media is a virtual environment where individuals interact through social media tools. Social media addiction is the excessive use of social media tools by individuals, their inability to restrain themselves from using social media tools, or constantly acting with the urge to use social media. In short, social media addiction is a behavioral addiction that negatively affects personal and work life. In the study, social media addiction was considered as a counterproductive work behavior and an evaluation was made.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Counterproductive Work Behaviors, Social Media Addiction, A Conceptual Review

Kaynakça

• Ahmad, S., Farid, S., Shahid, F. & Ahmed, S. (2022). Social Media Usage (Smu), Loneliness and Social Isolation: A Relational Study of University Students. Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry (TOJQI). 13(1), 1684-1691.
• Amzulescu, G. & Butucescu, A. (2021). The Role of Work Alienation in the Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Justice Counterproductive Work Behaviors. Psihologia Resurselor Umane, 19(1), 56-66. https://doi.org/10.24837/PRU.V19I1.487
• Andreassen, C. S., (2015). Online Social Network Site Addiction: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Addict Rep, 2, 175–184, DOI 10.1007/s40429-015-0056-9
• Sîrbu, A.-A., Dorobanțu, R. I. E., Oprea, B. & Ion, A. (2023). Meaningful Work and Counterproductive Work Behaviors: A Serial Mediation. Psihologia Resurselor Umane, 21, 41–52.
• Alsaedi, R.N. R. M. (2017). Business Policy and Strategy. International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research (IJSBAR), 36(7), 26-49.
• Bennett, R. J. & Robinson, S. L. (2000). Development of A Measure of Workplace Deviance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(3), 349–360.
• Bruns, A. & Bahnisch, M. (2009). Social Media: Tools For User-Generated Content: Social Drivers Behind Growing Consumer Participation in User-Led Content Generation. Social Media- State of the Art, 1, 1-60.
• Callistus Chinwuba, U. (2023). Counterproductive Workplace Behavior (CWBs): Antecedents and Outcomes. IntechOpen. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.1001827
• Çabuk, S., Doğan Südaş, H. & Kaya, K. L. (2019). Sosyal Medya Müşteri İlişkileri Yönetimi Faaliyetlerini Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi. Ç.Ü. Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 28(1), 206-221.
• Çıkmaz, G., Çelik, M., & Çevik Taşdemir, D. (2022). Çalışanların Algıladığı İş Güvencesizliğinin Saldırgan Davranışlara Etkisi: Amprik Bir Çalışma. Alanya Akademik Bakış, 6(3), .3029-3041.
• Dursun S., Aytaç S. S. & Füsun S. A. (2013). Mesleğe İlişkin Şiddet Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5, 59-70.
• Everton, W. J., Jolton, J. A. & Mastrangelo, P. M. (2007). Be Nice and Fair or Else: Understanding Reasons For Employees' Deviant Behaviors. Journal of Management Development, 26(2), 117-131. https://doi.org/10.1108/02621710710726035
• Greenberg, L. & Barling, J. (1996). Employee Theft. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 3, 49-64.
• Greenberg, J. (1987). A Taxonomy of Organizational Justice Theories. Academy of Management Review, 12(1), 9–22. https://doi-org.links.franklin.edu/10.5465/AMR.1987.4306437
• Griffiths, M. D. & Kuss, D. (2017). Adolescent Social Media Addiction (revisited). Education and Health, 35(3), 49-52.
• Griffiths, M. (2000). Internet Addiction-Time to Be Taken Seriously? Addiction Research, 8(5), 413-418.
• Hou, Y., Xiong, D., Jiang, T., Song, L. & Wang, Q. (2019). Social Media Addiction: Its İmpact, Mediation, and Intervention. Cyberpsychology. Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 13(1).
• Ibrahim, M., Yusra, Y. & Shah, N.U. (2022). Impact of Social Media Addiction on Work Engagement and Job Performance. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 25(1), 179-192.
• ISACA (2010). Social Media: Business Benefits and Security, Governance and Assurance Perspectives [White paper], www.isaca.org IvyPanda. (2023). Political Deviance: Meaning and Forms. Erişim adresi: https://ivypanda.com/essays/political-deviance-meaning-and-forms/, Erişim tarihi:21.08.2023.
• John, O. P., Naumann, L. P., & Soto, C. J. (2008). Paradigm Shift to the Integrative Big Five Trait Taxonomy: History, Measurement, and Conceptual Issues. O. P. John, R. W. Robins & L. A. Pervin (Ed.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (pp. 114–158) içinde. The Guilford Press.
• Kaiser, A. (2020). Effects of Social Media Isolation on Counterproductive Work Behaviors (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). California State University, Long Beach.
• Kanwal, N., Nizam Bin Isha, A. S., Salleh, R. B., Kanwal, N. & Al-Mekhlafi, Al-Baraa A. (2023). Paradoxical Effects of Social Media Use on Workplace Interpersonal Conflicts. Cogent Business & Management, 10, https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.220089
• Landrum, B. A. (2020). Organizational Social Media and Counterproductive Work Behaviors (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Lamar University, Texas-USA.
• Lawrence, T. B. & Robinson, S. L. (2007). Ain’t Misbehavin: Workplace Deviance as Organizational Resistance. Journal of Management, 33(3), 378394. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206307300816
• Lıpıńska, A.-Grobelny, (2021). Organizational Climate and Counterproductive Work Behaviors – The Moderating Role of Gender. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health, 34(4), 513–525 https://doi.org/10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01623
• McLachlan, S. (2022). How to Create Effective Social Media Guidelines for Your Business, Erişim adresi: https://blog.hootsuite.com/social-media-guidelines/, Erişim tarihi: 23.08.2023.
• Mercado, B., Dilchert, S., Giordano, C., & Ones, D. (2018). Counterproductive Work Behaviors. D. S. Ones, N. Anderson, C. Viswesvaran & H. D. Sinangil (Ed.) The SAGE Handbook of Industrial, Work and Organizational Psychology (pp. 109-211) içinde. SAGE Publications Ltd, https://doi.org/10.4135/9781473914940
• Ngien A. & Jiang S. (2022). The Effect of Social Media on Stress among Young Adults during COVID-19 Pandemic: Taking into Account Fatalism and Social Media Exhaustion. Health Commun, 37(10), 1337-1344. doi: 10.1080/10410236.2021.1888438
• Omar, F., Halim, F. W., Zamani, Z. A., Farhadi, H., Nasir, R., & Khairudin, R. (2011). Stress and Job Satisfaction as Antecedents of Workplace Deviant Behavior. World Applied Sciences Journal, 12, 46-51.
• Paulhus, D. L. & Williams, K. M. (2002). The Dark Triad of Personality: Narcissism, Machiavellianism, and Psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(2002), 556–563.
• Pirdehghan, A., Khezmeh, E. & Panahi, S. (2021). Social Media Use and Sleep Disturbance among Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study. Iran J Psychiatry, 16(2), 137-145. doi: 10.18502/ijps.v16i2.5814. PMID: 34221039; PMCID: PMC8233562.
• Pulich M. & Tourigny L. (2004). Workplace Deviance: Strategies for Modifying Employee Behavior. The Health Care Manager, 23(4), 290-301.
• Robinson, S. L. & Bennett, R. J. (1995). A Typology of Deviant Workplace Behaviors: A Multidimensional Scaling Study. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 555-572.
• Robinson, A., Bonnette, A. & Howard, K. (2018). Social Comparisons, Social Media Addiction, and Social Interaction: An Examination of Specific Social Media Behaviors Related to Major Depressive Disorder in A Millennial Population, Appl Behav Research, 24(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/jabr.12158
• Rogojan, P. T. (2009). Deviant Workplace Behavior in Organizations: Antecedents, Influences, and Remedies (Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Universitat Wien, Wien.
• Rotundo, M., & Sackett, P. R. (2002). The Relative İmportance of Task, Citizenship, and Counterproductive Performance to Global Ratings of Job Performance: A Policy Capturing Approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(1), 66-80.
• Shao, J., Zhang, R. & Zhang, S. (2023). The Mechanism and Causes of Counterproductive Work Behavior: Organizational Constraints, Interpersonal Conflict, and Organizational Injustice. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 670, 825-831.
• Shen, Y. & Lei, X. (2022). Exploring the Impact of Leadership Characteristics on Subordinates’ Counterproductive Work Behavior: From the Organizational Cultural Psychology Perspective. Frontiers in Psycholgy, 13, 1-15. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.818509.
• Singh, T. P. & Sinha, R. (2017). The Impact of Social Media on Business Growth and Performance in India. International Journal of Research in Management & Business Studies, 4(1), 2348-6503.
• Spector, P. E., Bauer, J. A. & Fox, S. (2010). Measurement Artifacts in the Assessment of Counterproductive Work Behavior and Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Do We Know What We Think We Know? Journal of Applied Psychology, 95(4), 781- 790. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0019477
• Sulasula, J. (2023). Effects of Social Media Addiction on Daily Work Performance of Government Employees (MPRA Paper No. 117995). Erişim adresi: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/117995/, Erişim tarihi: 23.08.2023.
• Van Fleet, D. & Griffin, R (2006). Dysfunctional Organization Culture. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21(8), 698 – 708.
• Velasquez, M. J. & Cruz, R. S. (2018). The Relationship Between Social Media Addiction and Work-Life Balance: A Comparative Study of Government Employees. Administration & Society, 50(3), 123-145. doi: 10.1177/0095399718765432
• Zhou, Z. E., Meier, L. L. & Spector, P. E. (2014). The Role of Personality and Job Stressors in Predicting Counterproductive Work Behavior: A Three-Way Interaction. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 22(3), 286-296. Zivnuska, S., Carlson, J. R., Carlson, D. S., Harris, R. B. & Harris, K. J. (2019). Social Media Addiction and Social Media Reactions: The Implications for Job Performance. The Journal of Social Psychology, 159(6), 746-760.