YUGOSLAVYA’DAN AVRUPA’YA EMEK GÖÇÜ: EKONOMİK KALKINMA PERSPEKTİFİ

Yıl 2020, Özel Sayı: Göç, 34 - 47, 30.12.2020

Burak Yalım

Öz

Göçün insanlık tarihi kadar eski bir olgu olduğu bilinmektedir. Modern öncesi dönemlerde istilalar, fetihler ve savaşlar bazı halkların yerinden edilmesini, bazılarının ise yeni yerleşimler edinmesini beraberinde getirmiştir. Göçün arka planında güvenlik ve yeni toprakların zenginliği önemli bir yer tutarken, diğer taraftan modern öncesi dönemde kölelik, modern dönemde ise çalıştırılacak insan gücü göçe sebep olan diğer hususlardır. 2. Dünya Savaşı’ndan sonra Sosyalist Federal Yugoslavya Cumhuriyeti’nden (SFYC) Avrupa’nın sanayileşmiş ülkelerine gerçekleşen işçi göçleri, bu kapsamda emek göçü olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Göç alan ülkeler açısından hızlı kalkınma, göç veren ülkeler boyutundan ise göçmen transferleri, göçün ekonomik kalkınma ile olan ilişkisini önemli bir konu haline getirmiştir. Bu çalışma, Yugoslavya’dan Avrupa’ya gerçekleşen emek göçünün ekonomik kalkınma ile ilişkisini, göç alan ve göç veren ülkeler açısından olumlu, olumsuz sonuçlarını ele almaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Göç, Ekonomik Kalkınma, Emek Göçü, Yugoslavya, Avrupa

Destekleyen Kurum

TUİÇ - Uluslararası İlişkiler Çalışmaları Derneği

Kaynakça

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