Siyah Alaca ve Simental Sığırların Sağım Özelliklerine İlişkin Fenotipik ve Genetik Parametre Tahminleri

Öz

Bu çalışma da Kahramanmaraş ilinde yetiştirilen Siyah Alaca ve Simental sığırların süt akış hızı, sağım süresi ve süt verimine ilişkin fenotipik ve genetik parametre tahminleri elde edilmiştir. Araştırmada 150 baş Siyah Alaca ve 40 baş Simental ineğin süt verim kayıtları kullanılmıştır. Süt akış hızı, sağım süresi ve süt verimine ilişkin genel ortalamalar Siyah Alaca ırkında; 1.370.004 kg dak-1, 16.700.017 dak ve 21.320.026 kg, Simental ırkında ise 1.0470.007 kg dak-1, 17.740.034 dak ve 16.820.049 kg olarak hesaplanmıştır. Mevsim etkisi her iki ırkta da tüm özellikler için önemli (P0.0001) bulunmuştur. Sağım zamanı etkisi ise Siyah Alaca ırkında günlük süt verimi ve süt akış hızı, Simental ırkında ise günlük süt verimi ve sağım süresi için önemli (P0.0001) bulunmuştur. Süt akış hızı, sağım süresi ve süt verimine ilişkin kalıtım dereceleri Siyah Alaca ırkında; 0.110.015, 0.320.03 ve 0.130.02, Simental ırkında ise 1.0470.007 kg dak-1, 17.740.034 dak ve 16.820.049 kg olarak hesaplanmıştır. Her iki ırkta da sağım özellikleri arasındaki genetik korelasyonlar orta-yüksek bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada ele alınan özelliklerin kalıtsal olduğu ve seleksiyonla geliştirilebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Süt akış hızı
• sağım süresi
• sağılabilirlik
• siyah alaca
• simental

Estimates of Genetic and Phenotypic Parameters of Milkability Traits in Holstein Friesian and Simmental Cows

Öz

In this study was performed to determine the effect of non-genetic factors on milkability characteristics and to estimate phenotypic and genetic parameters and relationships among Milk Flow Rate(MFR), Milking Duration(MD) and Test Day Milk Yields (TD) of Holstein Friesian and Simmental cows reared in Kahramanmaraş. The data used in this study consisted of 150 Holstein Friesian and 40 Simmental cows. Overall means for MFR, MD and TD were 1.370.004 kg min-1, 16.700.017 min and 21.320.026 kg for Holstein Cows, 1.0470.007 kg min-1, 17.740.034 min and 16.820.049 kg for Simmental cows. Milking season effected on all traits for both breeds. Milking duration effected on MFR and TD for Holstein breeds, while effected on TD and MD for Simmental breeds. Genetic correlations between milkability traits are moderate-high for both breeds. It was concluded that the milkability traits evaluated in this study are hereditary and can be improved by selection.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Milk Flow Rate
• milking time
• milkability
• holstein
• simmental

Kaynakça

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