Genetic Variation of Fusarium spp. Isolates Associated with Root and Crown Rot of Winter Wheat Using Retrotransposon-Based iPBS Assays

Abstract

Genetic variation among the isolates of Fusarium spp., causal agent of root and crown rot of winter wheat, was evaluated using retrotransposons-based inter-primer binding site (iPBS) markers in this study. Thirty-two isolates were isolated from diseased wheat plants obtained wheat growing areas in Turkey and Azerbaijan in 2017 and 2018, for this purpose. Among the isolates, F. culmorum was the most commonly found with 23 isolates, followed by F. pseudograminearum with five isolates, and F. graminearum with four isolates. The seven iPBS retrotransposon markers produced 114 bands, of which 99 were polymorphic (86.8%) with an average of 14.14 polymorphic bands per primer for the isolates. The polymorphism information contents (PIC) per markers ranged from 0.10 to 0.29 with the average being 0.17. The dendrogram derived from unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) cluster analyses based on the data of iPBS markers divided the isolates into three clusters in according to their taxonomic grouping at species level and their origin country in the groups. Population structure was estimated based on Bayesian modeling and the results showed three populations (K = 3) supporting the clustering of isolates in the dendrogram with the highest mean value of Ln likelihood of data (-476.0). Utilization of the iPBS markers produced high level of polymorphism at the interspecies level, which allows for the separation of species. This is the first study on genetic diversity and population structure of Fusarium spp. isolates on wheat using iPBS markers.

Keywords

• Wheat,Fusarium spp.,iPBS markers,retrotransposons

Kışlık Buğdaylarda Kök ve Kökboğazı Çürüklüğüne Sebep Olan Fusarium spp. İzolatları Arasındaki Genetik Varyasyonun Retrotranzpozon Temelli iPBS Markörleri ile İncelenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, kışlık buğdaylarda kök ve kökboğazı çürüklüğüne sebep olan farklı Fusarium türlerine ait izolatlar arasındaki genetik çeşitlik, retrotranspozon temelli olan primerler arası bağlanma bölgesi (iPBS) markörleri kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında Türkiye ve Azerbaycan buğday yetiştirme alanlarından 32 Fusarium türü izolat elde edilmiştir.  İzolatlar arasında en yaygın bulunan tür 23 izolat ile F. culmorum olarak belirlenmiş, bunu beş izolat ile F. pseudograminearum ve dört izolat ile F. graminearum takip etmiştir. Yedi iPBS retrotranspozon markörü izolatlar için 99 adeti polimorfik (%86.8) olmak üzere 114 bant üretmiş, primer başına ortalama 14.14 polimorfik bant elde edilmiştir. Markörlerin polimorfik bilgi içeriği (PIC) ortalama 0.17 olup, bu değer 0.10 ile 0.29 arasında değişmiştir. iPBS markörleri ile elde edilen verilere dayalı ağırlıklı olmayan aritmetik ortalama eş grup metodu (UPGMA) küme analizlerinin sonrasında elde edilen dendrogramda, izolatlar tür seviyesinde ile üç gruba ayrılmıştır. Ayrıca grup içerisinde yer alan izolatlar ise orijini olan ülkeye göre dağılım sergilemiştir. Popülasyon yapısı, Bayesian modellemesine dayanılarak hesaplanmış ve sonuçlar dendrogramdaki izolatların kümelenmesini destekleyecek şekilde üç popülasyona ayrılmış (K = 3) ve Ln olasılığının en yüksek ortalama değeri (-476.0) eşlik etmiştir. iPBS markörlerinin kullanılması, türler arası seviyede oldukça yüksek düzeyde polimorfizm üretmiş olup türlerin birbirinden ayrılmasını sağlamıştır. Çalışma, buğdaydan elde edilmiş Fusarium spp. izolatlarının genetik çeşitliliğini ve popülasyon yapısını iPBS markörleri analizi ile ortaya koyan ilk çalışma olma özelliği taşımaktadır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Buğday,Fusarium spp.,iPBS markörleri,Retrotranspozon

Kaynakça

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