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Determination of the Hay Yield Performances of Varieties Belonging to Different Amaranth Species in Irrigated and Dry Conditions

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 615 - 624, 21.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.788719

Öz

It is known that amaranths, which are preferred for different purposes (as vegetable, grain, ornamental and fodder crop), have high tolerance to extreme climate and soil conditions. However, in Turkey, there is no study to evaluate the hay yield performances of amaranth species used for feed in irrigated and dry conditions. With the present study, the performances of varieties (Sterk, Helios and Ultra) belonging to different amaranth species in terms of hay yield characteristics (plant height, stem thickness, number of leaf per plant, fresh and dry herbage yields, dry herbage rate, leaf, stem and panicle ratios) in irrigated and dry conditions were tried to be determined. For this purpose, in 2017 and 2018, a study with 3 replications was established according to split plot experimental design on completely randomized blocks. As a result of the study, plant height, stem thickness, leaf number, leaf ratio, fresh herbage and hay yields were found to be higher in irrigated conditions, but dry herbage rate, stem and panicle ratios in dry conditions. In terms of varieties, the highest fresh and dry herbage yields were determined in Sterk variety, following the Helios variety. In addition, it was revealed that Sterk and Helios varieties had a considerable amount of fresh and dry herbage yields in dry conditions. As a result, it has been concluded that it would be appropriate to grow the Sterk variety under irrigated conditions for high forage yields.

Kaynakça

  • Abbasi, D., Rouzbehan, J., & Rezaei, J. (2012). Effect of harvest date and nitrogen fertilization rate on the nutritive value of amaranth forage (Amaranthus hypochondriacus). Animal Feed Science and Technology, 171, 6-13.
  • Abbasi, M., Rouzbehan, Y., Rezaei, J., & Jacobsen, S. E. (2018). The efect of lactic acid bacteria inoculation, molasses, or wilting on the fermentation quality and nutritive value of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriaus) silage. Journal of Animal Science, 96, 3983-3992
  • Acar, Z., Sancak, C., & Genç, N. (1999). Horoz İbiği (Amaranthus) 'nin Önemi ve Kullanımı. Ekin dergisi, 3(8), 71-74.
  • Adhikary, D., Khatri-Chhetri, U., & Slaski, J. (2020). Amaranth: An Ancient and High-Quality Whole some Crop. In Nutritional Value of Amaranth. Intech Open.
  • Ahrar, A., Paknejad, F., Tabatabaei, S. A., Aghayari, F., & Soltani, E. (2020). Evaluation of forage Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) yield via comparing drought tolerance and susceptibility indices. Italian Journal of Agrometeorology, 3, 31-40.
  • Alegbejo, J.O. (2013). Nutritional value and utilization of amaranthus (Amaranthus spp.)-a review. Bayero journal of pure and applied sciences, 6, 136-143.
  • Amede, T., Schubert, S., & Stahr, K. (2003). Mechanisms of drought resistance in grain legumes, I: Osmotic Adjustment. Ethiopian Journal of Science and Technology, 26(1), 37-46.
  • Anjum, S. A., Xie, X. Y., Wang, L. C., Saleem, M. F., Man, C., & Lei, W. (2011). Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(9), 2026-2032.
  • Bloem, J., De Ruiter, P. C., Koopman, G. J., Lebbink, G., & Brussaard, L. (1992). Microbial numbers and activity in dried and rewetted arable soil under integrated and conventional management. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 24, 655-665.
  • Casini, P., &, Rocca, F. L. (2014). Amaranthus cruentus L. is suitable for cultivation in Central Italy: field evaluation and response to plant densities. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 9(602), 166-175.
  • Da Silva, J. G., Bianchini, A., Costa, P. M. C., de Almeida Lobo, F., de Almeida, J. P. M., & de Moraes, M. F. (2019). Amaranth response to water stress. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, 1-9.
  • Dlamini, S. N., Masarirambi, M. T., Wahome, P. K., & Oseni, T. O. (2020). The Effects of organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of Amaranthus (Amaranthus hybridus L.) grown in a lath house. Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research, 1-10.
  • Dumanoğlu, Z., & Geren, H. (2019). Effect of different nitrogen and phosphorus levels on the herbage yield and some silage characteristics of Amaranth (Amaranthus mantegazzianus). Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 56(1), 45-52.
  • Fazaeli, H., Ehsani, P., Safayee, A. R., & Mehrani, A. (2011). Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) as a new forage source. Vth Internatıonal Conference: Balnimalcon, 20 October 2011, Bucharest, Romania.
  • Garg, B. K. (2003). Nutrient uptake and management under drought: Nutrient-moisture interaction. Current Agriculture Research Journal, 27(1/2), 1-8.
  • Gallardo, M., Thompson, R. B., Valdez, L. C., & Pêrez, C. (2004). Response of stem diameter to water stress in greenhouse-grown vegetable crops. Acta Horticulturae, 664, 253-260.
  • Gao, S., Wang, Y., Yu, S., Huang, Y., Liu, H., Chen, W., & He, X. (2020). Effects of drought stress on growth, physiology and secondary metabolites of Two Adonis species in Northeast China. Scientia Horticulturae, 259(10), 87-95.
  • Genç, N., & Acar, Z. (1999). Horozibiği (Amaranthus sp.)’nin azot ihtiyacının ot ve tohum veriminin ve bazı özelliklerinin belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(3), 65-75.
  • Gençtan, T. (2012). Tarımsal Ekoloji. Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Ders Kitabı. Genel Yayın: 6 Yayın No:3, Tekirdağ.
  • Goptsiy, T., Voroncov, N., Popov, V., Zhyravel, D., & Gromenko, S. (2008). Grain varieties of amaranth developed by selection at Kharkiv National Agrarian University and the perspectives of their use. In Amaranth-Plant of the Future: 5th International Symposium of the European Amaranth Association, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
  • Grantz, D. A., Paudel, R., & Shrestha, A. (2019). Tolerance of ozone and drought in common waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus). Journal of Crop Improvement, 33(2), 236-253.
  • Jafari, H. R., Karimi, S., & Alavipoor, F. S. (2018). Enviromental planning and management. In: The Potential for the Use of Mutant Ornamental Plants for Reclamation of Arid Lands, Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Kacar, B. (2012). Toprak Analizleri. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Yayın No: 484, Ankara.
  • Kalefetoğlu, T., & Ekmekçi, Y. (2005). Bitkilerde kuraklık stresinin etkileri ve dayanıklılık mekanizması. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(4), 723-740.
  • Khan, M. G., Abate, M., Endris, S., & Chaka, A. (2019). A Critical appraisal of amaranths and chenopodium weeds for their harmful and beneficial aspects in context to food security in pastoral area. Daagu International Journal of Basic & Applied Research, 1(1), 58-69.
  • Leukebandara, I. K., Premaratne, S., & Peiris, B. L. (2015). Nutritive quality of Thampala (Amaranthus spp.) as a forage crop in Sri Lanka. Tropical Agricultural Research, 26, 624-631.
  • Leukebandara, I. K., Premaratne, S., Peiris, B. L., Madugith, T., & Wimalasiri, S. (2019). Study on milk parameters of saanen goats fed with diet containing Amaranth (Amaranthus Hypochondriacus) seeds. International Journal of Agricultural Science, 4, 45-56.
  • Liu, F., & Stutzel, H. (2004). Biomass partitioning, specific leaf area and water use efficiency of vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) in response to drought stress. Scientia Horticulturae, 102(1), 15-27.
  • MGM. (2019). Başbakanlık DMİ Genel Müdürlüğü Meteroloji Bültenleri, Ankara.
  • Mlakar, S. G., Bavec, M., Turinek, M., & Bavec, F. (2009). Rheological properties of dough made from grain amaranth-cereal composite flours based on wheat and spelt. Czech Journal of Food Science, 27, 309-319.
  • Myers, R. L. (1998). Nitrogen fertilizer effect on grain amaranth. Agronomy of Journal, 90, 597-602.
  • Olorunnisomo, O., & Ayodele, O. (2009). Effects of intercropping and fertilizer application on the yield and nutritive value of maize and Amaranth forage in Nigeria. Grass and Forage Science, 64(4), 413-420.
  • Önal Aşcı, Ö., & Acar, Z. (2018). Kaba Yemlerde Kalite. Pozitif Matbaacılık ve Ambalaj Sanayi Ticaret Limited Şirketi, Ankara.
  • Öztürk, M. A., & Seçmen, Ö. (1992). Bitki Ekolojisi. Ege Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Yayınları No: 141, İzmir.
  • Peiretti, P. G. (2018). Amaranth in animal nutrition: A review. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 30(5).
  • Pimentel, D., Marklein, A., Toth, M. A., Karpoff, M., Paul, G. S., McCormack, R., Kyriazis, J., & Krueger, T. (2008). Biofuel impacts on world food supply: use of fossil fuel, land and water resources, In: Energies 1, 41-78.
  • Rahnama, A., & Safaeie, A. R. (2017). Performance comparison of three varieties of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) at different harvest Time. International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences, 3, 1-6.
  • Rezaei, J., Rouzbehan, Y., Fazaeli, H., & Zahedifar, M. (2014). Effects of substituting amaranth silage for corn silage on intake, growth performance, dietdigestibility, microbial protein, nitrogen retention and ruminal fermentation in fattening lambs. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 192, 29-38.
  • Sağlam, A. (2004). Ağır kuraklık stresi geçirmiş Ctenanthe setosa bitkisinin yeni kuraklık koşullarına adaptasyon yeteneğinin araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
  • Sarmadi, B., Rouzbehan, Y., & Rezaei, J. (2016). Influences of growth stage and nitrogen fertilizer on chemical compositon, phenolics, in situ degradability and in vitro ruminal variables in amaranth forage. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 215, 273-284.
  • Seiffert, S., Kaselowsky, J., Jungk, A., & Claassen, N. (1995). Observed and calculated potassium uptake by maize as affected by soil water content and bulk density. Agronomy of Journal, 87, 1070-1077.
  • Sokoto, M., & Johnbosco, O. (2017). Growth and yield of Amaranths (Amaranthus spp.) as influenced by seed rate and variety in Sokoto, Nigeria. Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 2(2), 79-85.
  • Svirskis, A. (2003). Investigation of amaranth cultivation and utilisation in Lithunia. Agronomy Research, 1(2), 253-264.
  • Taiz, L., & Zeiger, E. (2008). Bitki Fizyolojisi. Çeviren: Türkan, İ., Palme Yayıncılık, Ankara, 690s.
  • Tan, M., & Temel, S. (2012). Alternatif Yem Bitkileri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Yayınları No: 246, Erzurum, 195-207.
  • Tan, M., & Temel, S. (2017). Erzurum ve Iğdır şartlarında yetiştirilen farklı kinoa genotiplerinin kuru madde verimi ve bazı özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7, 257-263.
  • Tan, M., & Temel, S. (2019). Her Yöneyle Kinoa, Önemi, Kullanılması ve Yetiştiriciliği. Iksad Publishing House, Ankara.
  • Tanzin, T. (2018). Assessment of growth and yield potential of different vegetable amaranth type In Kleve, Germany. Master Thesis, The Faculty of Life Sciences, Hochschule Rhein-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Kleve, Germany.
  • Temel, S., & Tan, M. (2002). Erzurum şartlarında adi fiğ (Vicia sativa L.)’in ekim ve hasat zamanlarının belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 33 (4), 363-368.
  • Venskutonis, P. R., & Kraujalis, P. (2013). Nutritional components of amaranth seeds and vegetables: A review on composition, properties, and uses, Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Safety, 12(4), 381-412.
  • Yaroshko, O. M., & Kuchuk, M. V. (2018). Agrobacterium-caused transformation of cultivars Amaranthus caudatus L. and hybrids of A. caudatus L. x A. paniculatus L. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 5, 312-318.
  • Yarnia, M., Khorshidi Benam, M. B., Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi, E., Nobari, N., & Ahmadzadeh, V. (2011). Effect of planting dates and density in drought stress condition on yield and yield components of Amaranth cv. Koniz. Advances in Environmental Biology, 5 (6), 1139-1149.

Sulu ve Kuru Koşullarda Farklı Amarant Türlerine Ait Çeşitlerin Ot Verim Performanslarının Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 615 - 624, 21.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.788719

Öz

Farklı amaçlar (sebze, dane, süs ve yem bitkisi olarak ) için tercih edilen amarantların, ekstrem iklim ve toprak koşullarına toleranslarının yüksek olduğu bilinmektedir. Ancak Ülkemizde yem amacıyla kullanılan amarant türlerinin sulu ve kuru koşullarda ot verim performanslarının değerlendirilmesine yönelik bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Mevcut çalışma ile farklı amarant türlerine ait çeşitlerin (Sterk, Helios ve Ultra) ot verimi ve bazı özellikleri (bitki boyu, sap kalınlığı, yaprak sayısı, yaş ot verimi, kuru ot verimi, kuru ot oranı, yaprak, sap ve salkım oranı) sulu ve kuru koşullarda belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla 2017 ve 2018 yıllarında tesadüf bloklarında bölünmüş parseller deneme deseninde 3 tekerrürlü bir çalışma kurulmuştur. Çalışma sonucunda çeşitlerin bitki boyu, sap kalınlığı, yaprak sayısı, yaprak oranı, yaş ot ve kuru ot verimleri sulu koşullarda, kuru ot oranı, sap ve salkım oranları ise kuruda daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Çeşitler açısından en yüksek yaş ot ve kuru ot verimleri Helios çeşidini müteakiben Sterk çeşidinde belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca Sterk ve Helios çeşitlerinin kuru koşullarda azımsanmayacak oranda yaş ot ve kuru ot verimlerine sahip oldukları ortaya konulmuştur. Sonuç olarak yüksek ot verimleri için Sterk çeşidinin sulu koşullarda yetiştirilmesinin uygun olacağı kanısına varılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Abbasi, D., Rouzbehan, J., & Rezaei, J. (2012). Effect of harvest date and nitrogen fertilization rate on the nutritive value of amaranth forage (Amaranthus hypochondriacus). Animal Feed Science and Technology, 171, 6-13.
  • Abbasi, M., Rouzbehan, Y., Rezaei, J., & Jacobsen, S. E. (2018). The efect of lactic acid bacteria inoculation, molasses, or wilting on the fermentation quality and nutritive value of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriaus) silage. Journal of Animal Science, 96, 3983-3992
  • Acar, Z., Sancak, C., & Genç, N. (1999). Horoz İbiği (Amaranthus) 'nin Önemi ve Kullanımı. Ekin dergisi, 3(8), 71-74.
  • Adhikary, D., Khatri-Chhetri, U., & Slaski, J. (2020). Amaranth: An Ancient and High-Quality Whole some Crop. In Nutritional Value of Amaranth. Intech Open.
  • Ahrar, A., Paknejad, F., Tabatabaei, S. A., Aghayari, F., & Soltani, E. (2020). Evaluation of forage Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) yield via comparing drought tolerance and susceptibility indices. Italian Journal of Agrometeorology, 3, 31-40.
  • Alegbejo, J.O. (2013). Nutritional value and utilization of amaranthus (Amaranthus spp.)-a review. Bayero journal of pure and applied sciences, 6, 136-143.
  • Amede, T., Schubert, S., & Stahr, K. (2003). Mechanisms of drought resistance in grain legumes, I: Osmotic Adjustment. Ethiopian Journal of Science and Technology, 26(1), 37-46.
  • Anjum, S. A., Xie, X. Y., Wang, L. C., Saleem, M. F., Man, C., & Lei, W. (2011). Morphological, physiological and biochemical responses of plants to drought stress. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(9), 2026-2032.
  • Bloem, J., De Ruiter, P. C., Koopman, G. J., Lebbink, G., & Brussaard, L. (1992). Microbial numbers and activity in dried and rewetted arable soil under integrated and conventional management. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 24, 655-665.
  • Casini, P., &, Rocca, F. L. (2014). Amaranthus cruentus L. is suitable for cultivation in Central Italy: field evaluation and response to plant densities. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 9(602), 166-175.
  • Da Silva, J. G., Bianchini, A., Costa, P. M. C., de Almeida Lobo, F., de Almeida, J. P. M., & de Moraes, M. F. (2019). Amaranth response to water stress. Journal of Experimental Agriculture International, 1-9.
  • Dlamini, S. N., Masarirambi, M. T., Wahome, P. K., & Oseni, T. O. (2020). The Effects of organic fertilizers on the growth and yield of Amaranthus (Amaranthus hybridus L.) grown in a lath house. Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research, 1-10.
  • Dumanoğlu, Z., & Geren, H. (2019). Effect of different nitrogen and phosphorus levels on the herbage yield and some silage characteristics of Amaranth (Amaranthus mantegazzianus). Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 56(1), 45-52.
  • Fazaeli, H., Ehsani, P., Safayee, A. R., & Mehrani, A. (2011). Amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) as a new forage source. Vth Internatıonal Conference: Balnimalcon, 20 October 2011, Bucharest, Romania.
  • Garg, B. K. (2003). Nutrient uptake and management under drought: Nutrient-moisture interaction. Current Agriculture Research Journal, 27(1/2), 1-8.
  • Gallardo, M., Thompson, R. B., Valdez, L. C., & Pêrez, C. (2004). Response of stem diameter to water stress in greenhouse-grown vegetable crops. Acta Horticulturae, 664, 253-260.
  • Gao, S., Wang, Y., Yu, S., Huang, Y., Liu, H., Chen, W., & He, X. (2020). Effects of drought stress on growth, physiology and secondary metabolites of Two Adonis species in Northeast China. Scientia Horticulturae, 259(10), 87-95.
  • Genç, N., & Acar, Z. (1999). Horozibiği (Amaranthus sp.)’nin azot ihtiyacının ot ve tohum veriminin ve bazı özelliklerinin belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(3), 65-75.
  • Gençtan, T. (2012). Tarımsal Ekoloji. Namık Kemal Üniversitesi Ders Kitabı. Genel Yayın: 6 Yayın No:3, Tekirdağ.
  • Goptsiy, T., Voroncov, N., Popov, V., Zhyravel, D., & Gromenko, S. (2008). Grain varieties of amaranth developed by selection at Kharkiv National Agrarian University and the perspectives of their use. In Amaranth-Plant of the Future: 5th International Symposium of the European Amaranth Association, Nitra, Slovak Republic.
  • Grantz, D. A., Paudel, R., & Shrestha, A. (2019). Tolerance of ozone and drought in common waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus). Journal of Crop Improvement, 33(2), 236-253.
  • Jafari, H. R., Karimi, S., & Alavipoor, F. S. (2018). Enviromental planning and management. In: The Potential for the Use of Mutant Ornamental Plants for Reclamation of Arid Lands, Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Kacar, B. (2012). Toprak Analizleri. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Yayın No: 484, Ankara.
  • Kalefetoğlu, T., & Ekmekçi, Y. (2005). Bitkilerde kuraklık stresinin etkileri ve dayanıklılık mekanizması. Gazi Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(4), 723-740.
  • Khan, M. G., Abate, M., Endris, S., & Chaka, A. (2019). A Critical appraisal of amaranths and chenopodium weeds for their harmful and beneficial aspects in context to food security in pastoral area. Daagu International Journal of Basic & Applied Research, 1(1), 58-69.
  • Leukebandara, I. K., Premaratne, S., & Peiris, B. L. (2015). Nutritive quality of Thampala (Amaranthus spp.) as a forage crop in Sri Lanka. Tropical Agricultural Research, 26, 624-631.
  • Leukebandara, I. K., Premaratne, S., Peiris, B. L., Madugith, T., & Wimalasiri, S. (2019). Study on milk parameters of saanen goats fed with diet containing Amaranth (Amaranthus Hypochondriacus) seeds. International Journal of Agricultural Science, 4, 45-56.
  • Liu, F., & Stutzel, H. (2004). Biomass partitioning, specific leaf area and water use efficiency of vegetable amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) in response to drought stress. Scientia Horticulturae, 102(1), 15-27.
  • MGM. (2019). Başbakanlık DMİ Genel Müdürlüğü Meteroloji Bültenleri, Ankara.
  • Mlakar, S. G., Bavec, M., Turinek, M., & Bavec, F. (2009). Rheological properties of dough made from grain amaranth-cereal composite flours based on wheat and spelt. Czech Journal of Food Science, 27, 309-319.
  • Myers, R. L. (1998). Nitrogen fertilizer effect on grain amaranth. Agronomy of Journal, 90, 597-602.
  • Olorunnisomo, O., & Ayodele, O. (2009). Effects of intercropping and fertilizer application on the yield and nutritive value of maize and Amaranth forage in Nigeria. Grass and Forage Science, 64(4), 413-420.
  • Önal Aşcı, Ö., & Acar, Z. (2018). Kaba Yemlerde Kalite. Pozitif Matbaacılık ve Ambalaj Sanayi Ticaret Limited Şirketi, Ankara.
  • Öztürk, M. A., & Seçmen, Ö. (1992). Bitki Ekolojisi. Ege Üniversitesi Fen Fakültesi Yayınları No: 141, İzmir.
  • Peiretti, P. G. (2018). Amaranth in animal nutrition: A review. Livestock Research for Rural Development, 30(5).
  • Pimentel, D., Marklein, A., Toth, M. A., Karpoff, M., Paul, G. S., McCormack, R., Kyriazis, J., & Krueger, T. (2008). Biofuel impacts on world food supply: use of fossil fuel, land and water resources, In: Energies 1, 41-78.
  • Rahnama, A., & Safaeie, A. R. (2017). Performance comparison of three varieties of amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus L.) at different harvest Time. International Journal of Research Studies in Agricultural Sciences, 3, 1-6.
  • Rezaei, J., Rouzbehan, Y., Fazaeli, H., & Zahedifar, M. (2014). Effects of substituting amaranth silage for corn silage on intake, growth performance, dietdigestibility, microbial protein, nitrogen retention and ruminal fermentation in fattening lambs. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 192, 29-38.
  • Sağlam, A. (2004). Ağır kuraklık stresi geçirmiş Ctenanthe setosa bitkisinin yeni kuraklık koşullarına adaptasyon yeteneğinin araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Trabzon.
  • Sarmadi, B., Rouzbehan, Y., & Rezaei, J. (2016). Influences of growth stage and nitrogen fertilizer on chemical compositon, phenolics, in situ degradability and in vitro ruminal variables in amaranth forage. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 215, 273-284.
  • Seiffert, S., Kaselowsky, J., Jungk, A., & Claassen, N. (1995). Observed and calculated potassium uptake by maize as affected by soil water content and bulk density. Agronomy of Journal, 87, 1070-1077.
  • Sokoto, M., & Johnbosco, O. (2017). Growth and yield of Amaranths (Amaranthus spp.) as influenced by seed rate and variety in Sokoto, Nigeria. Archives of Agriculture and Environmental Science, 2(2), 79-85.
  • Svirskis, A. (2003). Investigation of amaranth cultivation and utilisation in Lithunia. Agronomy Research, 1(2), 253-264.
  • Taiz, L., & Zeiger, E. (2008). Bitki Fizyolojisi. Çeviren: Türkan, İ., Palme Yayıncılık, Ankara, 690s.
  • Tan, M., & Temel, S. (2012). Alternatif Yem Bitkileri. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Ders Yayınları No: 246, Erzurum, 195-207.
  • Tan, M., & Temel, S. (2017). Erzurum ve Iğdır şartlarında yetiştirilen farklı kinoa genotiplerinin kuru madde verimi ve bazı özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7, 257-263.
  • Tan, M., & Temel, S. (2019). Her Yöneyle Kinoa, Önemi, Kullanılması ve Yetiştiriciliği. Iksad Publishing House, Ankara.
  • Tanzin, T. (2018). Assessment of growth and yield potential of different vegetable amaranth type In Kleve, Germany. Master Thesis, The Faculty of Life Sciences, Hochschule Rhein-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Kleve, Germany.
  • Temel, S., & Tan, M. (2002). Erzurum şartlarında adi fiğ (Vicia sativa L.)’in ekim ve hasat zamanlarının belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 33 (4), 363-368.
  • Venskutonis, P. R., & Kraujalis, P. (2013). Nutritional components of amaranth seeds and vegetables: A review on composition, properties, and uses, Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Safety, 12(4), 381-412.
  • Yaroshko, O. M., & Kuchuk, M. V. (2018). Agrobacterium-caused transformation of cultivars Amaranthus caudatus L. and hybrids of A. caudatus L. x A. paniculatus L. International Journal of Secondary Metabolite, 5, 312-318.
  • Yarnia, M., Khorshidi Benam, M. B., Farajzadeh Memari Tabrizi, E., Nobari, N., & Ahmadzadeh, V. (2011). Effect of planting dates and density in drought stress condition on yield and yield components of Amaranth cv. Koniz. Advances in Environmental Biology, 5 (6), 1139-1149.
Toplam 52 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Bitki Bilimi, Agronomi
Bölüm Tarla Bitkileri
Yazarlar

Süleyman Temel 0000-0001-9334-8601

Bilal Keskin 0000-0001-6826-9768

Selma Çakmakcı 0000-0001-8147-0378

Ramazan Tosun 0000-0002-8209-6362

Yayımlanma Tarihi 21 Aralık 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Eylül 2020
Kabul Tarihi 5 Ekim 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Temel, S., Keskin, B., Çakmakcı, S., Tosun, R. (2020). Sulu ve Kuru Koşullarda Farklı Amarant Türlerine Ait Çeşitlerin Ot Verim Performanslarının Belirlenmesi. Uluslararası Tarım Ve Yaban Hayatı Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 615-624. https://doi.org/10.24180/ijaws.788719

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