Creswell, J. W. (2012). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.).
Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Dwi Wulandary & Herlisa. (2017). Parent involvement in schooling processes: A case study in an Aceh school.
Master's thesis, University of Tampere.
EdSource. (2014). The power of parents, California’s students. California: Local Control Funding Formula Overview.
Retrived from https://edsource.org/wp-content/publications/Power-of-Parents-Feb-2014.pdf
Epstein, J. L. (1995). School, family or community partnerships: Caring for the Children We Share. PhiDelta
Kappan, 76, 701–712.
Epstein, J. L. (2001). School, family, and community partnerships: preparing educators and improving schools.
Boulder, CO: West view.
Epstein, J. L. (2010a). School, family or community partnerships: Caring for the children we share . PhiDelta
Kappan, 92(3), 81-96.
Epstein, J. L. (2010b). School, family and community partnership: Preparing educators for improving schools (2nd
ed.). Boulder: Westview Press.
Epstein, J. L. (2013). Ready or not? Preparing future educators for school, family a nd community
partnerships. Teaching Education, 24 (2), 115-118.
Epstein, J. L. (2016). Necessary but not sufficient: The role of policy for advancing programs of school,
family, and community partnerships. Journal of the Social Sciences, 2(5), 202–219.
Epstein, J. L., Galindo, C. L., & Sheldon, S. B. (2011). Levels of leadership: Effects of district and school
leaders on the quality of school programs of family and community involvement. Educational
Administration Quarterly, 4(3), 462-495.
Epstein, J.L, Sanders, M., Sheldon, S., Simon, B., Salinas, K., Jansorn, N., et al. (2009). School, family, and
community partnerships: Your handbook for action. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.
Epstein, J.L., & Dauber, S.L. (1991). School programs and teacher practices of paren t involvement in innercity elementary and middle schools. Elementary School Journal , 91, 289–305.
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Ministry of Education (FDRE, MOE). (2016). Countrywide quality of
education evaluation in primary school. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Unpublished Raw Data.
Ganyaupfu, E. (2013). Teaching methods and students’ academic performance. International Journal of
Humanities and Social Science Invention, 2(9), 29-35. Retrieved from
http://www.ijhssi.org/papers/v2(9)/Version-2/E0292029035.pdf
Gitome, J. W., Katola, M. T., & Nyabwari, B. G. (2013). Correlation between students’
discipline and performance in the Kenya certificate of secondary education. International Journal of
Education and Research, 1(8), 1–10. Retrieved from: http://www.ijern.com/journal/August-2013/33.pdf
Glavin, P. (2002). Behavioral strategies for classroom management . Columbus, Ohio: Charles E. Merrill
Publishing Company.
Grusec, J. E. (2011). Socialization processes in the family: Social and emotional development. . Annual Review
of Psychology, 62 (1), 243-269. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.121208.131650. .
Hall, N., & Quinn, R. . (2014). Parental involvement at the high school level: Parents’ perspectives. Journal of
Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 1(1), 13-21.
Henderson, A. T., & Berla, N. . (1994). A new generation of evidence: The family is critical to student achievement.
Washington D.C: National Committee for Citizens in Education.
Henderson, A. T., & Mapp, K. L. (2002). A new wave of evidence: Impact of school, family, and community
connections on student achievement. Austin, TX: SEDL.
Hernandez, T. & Seem S.R. (2004). A safe school climate: A systematic approach and the school counselor.
Herrell, P. O. (2011). Parental involvement: Parent perceptions and teacher perceptions. Doctoral dissertation.
Retrieved from PrQquest Dissertations and Theses. .
Hill, N. E., & Tyson, D. F. (2009). Parental involvement in middle school: A meta-analytic assessment of the
strategies that promote achievement. Developmental Psychology, 45, 740–763. Doi: 10.1037/a0015362.
Hill, N. E., & Taylor, L. (2004). Parental school involvement and children's academic achievement:
Pragmatics and issues. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(4), 161‐164. Retrieved from
https://amshq.org/~/media/Files/Publications-and-Research/ResearchLibrary/Action Research/Loomans.ashx?l
Jones, L. N. (2014). Barriers to parental involvement for children at risk. Doctoral dissertation: ProQuest
Dissertations Publishing, Accession no. 3579639.
Kothari, C.P. 2006. Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Age International Publishers, New Delhi.
Leitch, M. L., & Tangri, S. S. (2006). Barriers to home-school collaboration. Educational Horizons, 67, 70–74.
Loomans, M. G. (2014). Parent involvement that supports children academically and promotes the development of
independence. Master’s thesis.
Retrieved from https://minds.wisconsin.edu/bitstream/handle/1793/70157/MichelleLoomans.pdf?sequence=1
Mareta, V. U, Sunardi & Suharno. (2018). An analysis of students' cultural intelligence: A case study at the
state junior high school (SMPN) 20 of Surakarta. International Journal of Educational Research Review,
4(1), 76-81.
McCormick, M., Cappella, E., O'Connor, E., & McClowry, S. (2013). Parent involvement, emotional support
and behavior problems: An ecological approach. The Elementary School Journal, 114(2), 277-300:
University of Chicago Press. Retrieved from
https://steinhardt.nyu.edu/scmsAdmin/media/users/sm6/McCormick_2013_parent_involvement.pdf
Miller, G. E., Lines, C., Sullivan, E., & Hermanutz, K. (2013). Preparing educators to partner with families.
Teaching Education, 24 (2), 150–163.
Mwirichia, V. (2013). Influence of parental involvement on academic performance of preschool children in Kangeta
Division. Master’s thesis, University of Nairobi. Meru County, Kenya.
Newchurch, A. (2017). The impact of parental involvement on student success: School and family partnership from
the perspective of parents and teachers . Doctoral dissertation. Kennesaw State University. Retrieved
from https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1022&context=teachleaddoc_etd
Ngwokabuenui. P. (2015). Students’ indiscipline: Types, causes and possible solutions: The case of secondary
schools in Cameroon. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(22). Retrieved from
https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1079558.pdf
Okeke, C. C. (2014). Effective home-school partnership: Some strategies to help strengthen parental
involvement. South African Journal of Education, 34(3), 1-9.
Papaoikonomou, A. (2017). The impact of political socialization on students’ behavior: Empirical research in
schools of Central Macedonia in Greece. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 2(2), 1-10.
Pratomo, A., Sarwanto & Roemintoyo (2018).The development of integrative theme based instructional
materials containing characteristics values of fifth grade elementary schools in Surakarta, Indonesia.
International Journal of Educational Research Review, 3(3), 39-46.
Qomariyah, S. N. (2019).Effect of problem based learning model to improve student learning outcomes.
International Journal of Educational Research Review, 4 (2), 217-222.
Rahimi, M., & Karkami, F. H. (2015). The role of teachers’ classroom discipline in their teaching effectiveness
and students’ language learning motivation and achievement: A path method. Iranian Journal of
Language Teaching Research, 3(1), 57-82.
McNeal, J. (2014). Parent involvement, academic achievement and the role of student attitudes and
behaviors as mediators. University of Connecticut, Storrs. Universal Journal of Educational Research,
2(8), 564-576. Doi: 10.13189/ujer.2014.020805. Retrieved from
file:///E:/2011%20E.C/Journal%20publishers/School%20community%20journal/APA%20FORMAT
/EJ1053945.pdf
Ravitch, D. (2016). The death and life of the great American school system: How testing and choice are undermining
education. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Retrieved from https://tampub.uta.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/102137/GRADU-1507560787.pdf?sequence=1
Tadesse Abera. (2014). Practices, challenges and prospective of primary school physical education teachers in selected
schools of Debre Birhan. Master’s thesis, Addis Ababa University. Addis Ababa.
Turney, K., & Kao, G. (2009). Barriers to school involvement: Are immigrant parents disadvantaged?. The
Journal of Educational Research, 102 (4), 257–271.
Wanja. G. (2014). The role of parents in resolving students’ discipline problems in public day secondary schools in
Kikuyu Sub County. Kiambu County, Kenya, Master’s thesis, Kenyatta University .
World Bank. (1996). Improving basic education in Pakistan: Community participation, system accountability, and
efficiency. Population and Human Resources Division, Country Department I, South Asia.
Washington, D.C: World Bank.
The Role of Parents in Improving the Behavior of School’s Students in Azena Primary School, Ethiopia
The major purpose ofthis study is to investigate the role of parents in shaping students’ behavior in
Azena primary school (primary first cycle (Grade 1-4) and primary second cycle (Grade 5-8)). The
study was descriptive in nature. 40 teachers were selected through census survey method for
questionnaire and 10 parents were selected for key informant interview purposively. The collected
data were analyzed and interpreted using simple descriptive statistical tools, frequency and
percentage. This study reveals that the contribution of parents in improving student school behavior
is low due to lack of proper training strategies and poor home -school interaction. This study
indicates that improper rule and regulations, negative relationship between student and teacher, lack
of continuous monitoring and evaluation of school administrators, poor teaching method,
inadequate school facilities, unusual monitoring of parents, and the school administrators are causes
of indiscipline. The result found that giving rewards and praises for students behaving well and
involving parents are more effective in producing desirable behavior in the school. Besides, the
involvement of students in the formulation of school disciplinary policy has been viewed as a good
strategy, which most likely can influence them into accepting and showing commitment towards it.
Therefore, this study recommends that parents and all school staffs should work together so as to
minimize the disciplinary problems of students and to foster the role of parents.
Creswell, J. W. (2012). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.).
Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Dwi Wulandary & Herlisa. (2017). Parent involvement in schooling processes: A case study in an Aceh school.
Master's thesis, University of Tampere.
EdSource. (2014). The power of parents, California’s students. California: Local Control Funding Formula Overview.
Retrived from https://edsource.org/wp-content/publications/Power-of-Parents-Feb-2014.pdf
Epstein, J. L. (1995). School, family or community partnerships: Caring for the Children We Share. PhiDelta
Kappan, 76, 701–712.
Epstein, J. L. (2001). School, family, and community partnerships: preparing educators and improving schools.
Boulder, CO: West view.
Epstein, J. L. (2010a). School, family or community partnerships: Caring for the children we share . PhiDelta
Kappan, 92(3), 81-96.
Epstein, J. L. (2010b). School, family and community partnership: Preparing educators for improving schools (2nd
ed.). Boulder: Westview Press.
Epstein, J. L. (2013). Ready or not? Preparing future educators for school, family a nd community
partnerships. Teaching Education, 24 (2), 115-118.
Epstein, J. L. (2016). Necessary but not sufficient: The role of policy for advancing programs of school,
family, and community partnerships. Journal of the Social Sciences, 2(5), 202–219.
Epstein, J. L., Galindo, C. L., & Sheldon, S. B. (2011). Levels of leadership: Effects of district and school
leaders on the quality of school programs of family and community involvement. Educational
Administration Quarterly, 4(3), 462-495.
Epstein, J.L, Sanders, M., Sheldon, S., Simon, B., Salinas, K., Jansorn, N., et al. (2009). School, family, and
community partnerships: Your handbook for action. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin.
Epstein, J.L., & Dauber, S.L. (1991). School programs and teacher practices of paren t involvement in innercity elementary and middle schools. Elementary School Journal , 91, 289–305.
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Ministry of Education (FDRE, MOE). (2016). Countrywide quality of
education evaluation in primary school. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Unpublished Raw Data.
Ganyaupfu, E. (2013). Teaching methods and students’ academic performance. International Journal of
Humanities and Social Science Invention, 2(9), 29-35. Retrieved from
http://www.ijhssi.org/papers/v2(9)/Version-2/E0292029035.pdf
Gitome, J. W., Katola, M. T., & Nyabwari, B. G. (2013). Correlation between students’
discipline and performance in the Kenya certificate of secondary education. International Journal of
Education and Research, 1(8), 1–10. Retrieved from: http://www.ijern.com/journal/August-2013/33.pdf
Glavin, P. (2002). Behavioral strategies for classroom management . Columbus, Ohio: Charles E. Merrill
Publishing Company.
Grusec, J. E. (2011). Socialization processes in the family: Social and emotional development. . Annual Review
of Psychology, 62 (1), 243-269. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.121208.131650. .
Hall, N., & Quinn, R. . (2014). Parental involvement at the high school level: Parents’ perspectives. Journal of
Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 1(1), 13-21.
Henderson, A. T., & Berla, N. . (1994). A new generation of evidence: The family is critical to student achievement.
Washington D.C: National Committee for Citizens in Education.
Henderson, A. T., & Mapp, K. L. (2002). A new wave of evidence: Impact of school, family, and community
connections on student achievement. Austin, TX: SEDL.
Hernandez, T. & Seem S.R. (2004). A safe school climate: A systematic approach and the school counselor.
Herrell, P. O. (2011). Parental involvement: Parent perceptions and teacher perceptions. Doctoral dissertation.
Retrieved from PrQquest Dissertations and Theses. .
Hill, N. E., & Tyson, D. F. (2009). Parental involvement in middle school: A meta-analytic assessment of the
strategies that promote achievement. Developmental Psychology, 45, 740–763. Doi: 10.1037/a0015362.
Hill, N. E., & Taylor, L. (2004). Parental school involvement and children's academic achievement:
Pragmatics and issues. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(4), 161‐164. Retrieved from
https://amshq.org/~/media/Files/Publications-and-Research/ResearchLibrary/Action Research/Loomans.ashx?l
Jones, L. N. (2014). Barriers to parental involvement for children at risk. Doctoral dissertation: ProQuest
Dissertations Publishing, Accession no. 3579639.
Kothari, C.P. 2006. Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques. New Age International Publishers, New Delhi.
Leitch, M. L., & Tangri, S. S. (2006). Barriers to home-school collaboration. Educational Horizons, 67, 70–74.
Loomans, M. G. (2014). Parent involvement that supports children academically and promotes the development of
independence. Master’s thesis.
Retrieved from https://minds.wisconsin.edu/bitstream/handle/1793/70157/MichelleLoomans.pdf?sequence=1
Mareta, V. U, Sunardi & Suharno. (2018). An analysis of students' cultural intelligence: A case study at the
state junior high school (SMPN) 20 of Surakarta. International Journal of Educational Research Review,
4(1), 76-81.
McCormick, M., Cappella, E., O'Connor, E., & McClowry, S. (2013). Parent involvement, emotional support
and behavior problems: An ecological approach. The Elementary School Journal, 114(2), 277-300:
University of Chicago Press. Retrieved from
https://steinhardt.nyu.edu/scmsAdmin/media/users/sm6/McCormick_2013_parent_involvement.pdf
Miller, G. E., Lines, C., Sullivan, E., & Hermanutz, K. (2013). Preparing educators to partner with families.
Teaching Education, 24 (2), 150–163.
Mwirichia, V. (2013). Influence of parental involvement on academic performance of preschool children in Kangeta
Division. Master’s thesis, University of Nairobi. Meru County, Kenya.
Newchurch, A. (2017). The impact of parental involvement on student success: School and family partnership from
the perspective of parents and teachers . Doctoral dissertation. Kennesaw State University. Retrieved
from https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1022&context=teachleaddoc_etd
Ngwokabuenui. P. (2015). Students’ indiscipline: Types, causes and possible solutions: The case of secondary
schools in Cameroon. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(22). Retrieved from
https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1079558.pdf
Okeke, C. C. (2014). Effective home-school partnership: Some strategies to help strengthen parental
involvement. South African Journal of Education, 34(3), 1-9.
Papaoikonomou, A. (2017). The impact of political socialization on students’ behavior: Empirical research in
schools of Central Macedonia in Greece. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 2(2), 1-10.
Pratomo, A., Sarwanto & Roemintoyo (2018).The development of integrative theme based instructional
materials containing characteristics values of fifth grade elementary schools in Surakarta, Indonesia.
International Journal of Educational Research Review, 3(3), 39-46.
Qomariyah, S. N. (2019).Effect of problem based learning model to improve student learning outcomes.
International Journal of Educational Research Review, 4 (2), 217-222.
Rahimi, M., & Karkami, F. H. (2015). The role of teachers’ classroom discipline in their teaching effectiveness
and students’ language learning motivation and achievement: A path method. Iranian Journal of
Language Teaching Research, 3(1), 57-82.
McNeal, J. (2014). Parent involvement, academic achievement and the role of student attitudes and
behaviors as mediators. University of Connecticut, Storrs. Universal Journal of Educational Research,
2(8), 564-576. Doi: 10.13189/ujer.2014.020805. Retrieved from
file:///E:/2011%20E.C/Journal%20publishers/School%20community%20journal/APA%20FORMAT
/EJ1053945.pdf
Ravitch, D. (2016). The death and life of the great American school system: How testing and choice are undermining
education. New York, NY: Basic Books.
Retrieved from https://tampub.uta.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/102137/GRADU-1507560787.pdf?sequence=1
Tadesse Abera. (2014). Practices, challenges and prospective of primary school physical education teachers in selected
schools of Debre Birhan. Master’s thesis, Addis Ababa University. Addis Ababa.
Turney, K., & Kao, G. (2009). Barriers to school involvement: Are immigrant parents disadvantaged?. The
Journal of Educational Research, 102 (4), 257–271.
Wanja. G. (2014). The role of parents in resolving students’ discipline problems in public day secondary schools in
Kikuyu Sub County. Kiambu County, Kenya, Master’s thesis, Kenyatta University .
World Bank. (1996). Improving basic education in Pakistan: Community participation, system accountability, and
efficiency. Population and Human Resources Division, Country Department I, South Asia.
Washington, D.C: World Bank.
Yigzaw, G. S. (2019). The Role of Parents in Improving the Behavior of School’s Students in Azena Primary School, Ethiopia. International Journal of Educational Research Review, 4(3), 334-349. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.573870
AMA
Yigzaw GS. The Role of Parents in Improving the Behavior of School’s Students in Azena Primary School, Ethiopia. IJERE. Temmuz 2019;4(3):334-349. doi:10.24331/ijere.573870
Chicago
Yigzaw, Gedifew Sewenet. “The Role of Parents in Improving the Behavior of School’s Students in Azena Primary School, Ethiopia”. International Journal of Educational Research Review 4, sy. 3 (Temmuz 2019): 334-49. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.573870.
EndNote
Yigzaw GS (01 Temmuz 2019) The Role of Parents in Improving the Behavior of School’s Students in Azena Primary School, Ethiopia. International Journal of Educational Research Review 4 3 334–349.
IEEE
G. S. Yigzaw, “The Role of Parents in Improving the Behavior of School’s Students in Azena Primary School, Ethiopia”, IJERE, c. 4, sy. 3, ss. 334–349, 2019, doi: 10.24331/ijere.573870.
ISNAD
Yigzaw, Gedifew Sewenet. “The Role of Parents in Improving the Behavior of School’s Students in Azena Primary School, Ethiopia”. International Journal of Educational Research Review 4/3 (Temmuz 2019), 334-349. https://doi.org/10.24331/ijere.573870.
JAMA
Yigzaw GS. The Role of Parents in Improving the Behavior of School’s Students in Azena Primary School, Ethiopia. IJERE. 2019;4:334–349.
MLA
Yigzaw, Gedifew Sewenet. “The Role of Parents in Improving the Behavior of School’s Students in Azena Primary School, Ethiopia”. International Journal of Educational Research Review, c. 4, sy. 3, 2019, ss. 334-49, doi:10.24331/ijere.573870.
Vancouver
Yigzaw GS. The Role of Parents in Improving the Behavior of School’s Students in Azena Primary School, Ethiopia. IJERE. 2019;4(3):334-49.
International Journal of Educational Research Review (ISSN:2458-9322) International Journal of Educational Research Review publishes scholarly articles that are of general significance to the education research community and that come from a wide range of areas. The International Journal of Educational Research Review aims to provide a forum for scholarly understanding of the field of education. Articles focus upon concepts, research, review and practices that emphasizes the intersections between education research and other fields, raises new questions, and develops innovative approaches to our understandings of pressing issues. The range of topics covered in the International Journal of Educational Research Review include; read full aims and scope; https://www.ijere.com/page/journal-scopes Peer Review Policy: All articles in this journal will undergo initial editor screening, rigorous double-anonymous peer review, and review by the editorial board. Double-blind peer review International Journal of Educational Research Review follows a double-blind reviewing procedure. This means that the author will remain anonymous to the reviewers throughout peer review. It is the responsibility of the author to anonymize the manuscript and any associated materials. read full Peer Review Policy; https://www.ijere.com/page/peer-review-policy Ownership and management IJERE journal is hosted by Dergipark/Tubitak. IJERE Journal is published with the support of Sakarya University Faculty of Education/TURKEY. Governing body Editor in Chief Dr. Serhat Arslan, Gazi University, serhatarslan@gazi.edu.tr , Turkey read full Governing body /Ownership and management/ Editorial board member ; https://www.ijere.com/page/editorial-board Copyright and licensing Copyright Statement Copyright violation is an important, and possibly related, ethical issue. Authors should check their manuscripts for possible breaches of copyright law (e.g., where permissions are needed for quotations, artwork or tables taken from other publications or from other freely available sources on the Internet) and secure the necessary permissions before submission to International Journal of Educational Research Review. read full Copyright and licensing; https://www.ijere.com/page/copyright-and-licensing-open-access-statement