Possibilities of Using Propolis as a Preservative in the Food Industry

Öz

Propolis, also called "bee glue", is a natural resinous substance produced by honey bees from plant secretions, wax and bee secretions to protect their hives. There are more than 300 identified chemical compounds and numerous phenolic compounds in its composition, which are known to vary considerably according to plant sources and season. It also has a long history in traditional and scientific medicine, with antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-infective and wound-healing effects since 300 BC. As a result of many studies, it has been reported that in addition to its nutritional and health-promoting effects, it extends the storage period of fresh fruits, vegetables, post-harvest and processed food products. In this study, information about the biochemical composition of propolis, its antioxidant activity, its antibacterial properties and its effectiveness in preserving foods were given, and important points were tried to be emphasized for the industrial use of propolis in the development of biopreservatives.

Propolisin Gıda Endüstrisinde Koruyucu Olarak Kullanılma İmkanları

Öz

“Arı tutkalı” olarak da adlandırılan propolis, kovanları korumak için bal arıları tarafından bitki salgılarından, balmumundan ve arı salgılarından üretilen doğal reçineli bir maddedir. Bileşiminde, bitki kaynaklarına ve mevsime göre önemli ölçüde değişiklik gösterdiği bilinen 300'den fazla tanımlanmış kimyasal bileşik ile çok sayıda fenolik bileşik vardır. Ayrıca MÖ 300'den beri antibakteriyel, antikanser, antienflamatuar, antienfektif ve yara iyileştirici etkileri ile geleneksel ve bilimsel tıpta uzun bir geçmişe sahiptir. Yapılan birçok çalışma sonucunda beslenme ve sağlığı geliştirici etkilerine ek olarak, taze meyve, sebzelerin hasat sonrası ve işlenmiş gıda ürünlerinin depolama süresini uzattığı bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, propolisin biyokimyasal bileşimi, antioksidan aktivitesi, antibakteriyel özellikleri ve gıdaları korumadaki etkinliği gıda sistemlerine dahil edilmesi ile ilgili bilgiler verilmiş, ayrıca propolisin endüstriyel olarak biyokoruyucuların geliştirilmesinde kullanılabilmesi için önemli noktalar vurgulanmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Propolis
• gıda koruma
• katkı maddesi
• fenolik bileşikle

Kaynakça

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