Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

The Violation of Cooperative Principles and Verbal Humor: An Example of Zübük Novel

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 38 - 53, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.29228/ijlet.63701

Öz

Verbal humor means humor created through language and can appear in almost every aspect of daily life, either explicitly or
implicitly. Implicit verbal humor is often done by violating the Cooperation Principles, and violating these principles creates an
effect that can be interpreted as a comedic element in the semantic world of the recipient of verbal humor. These principles,
developed by Grice (1975) based on the argument that communication participants maintain their speech in a collaborative
manner, condition the participants to speak as much as and when necessary, in line with the purpose and direction of the speech.
Violation of these principles, which determine the qualities of a successful communication, constitutes the building block of
humorous texts. Within the framework of this information, in this study, the novel Zübük, written by Aziz Nesin, is examined
within the framework of the violation of the Principles of Cooperation, and the violation of each principle and the humorous
effect arising from this violation are supported by quantitative and qualitative data. As a result of the examinations made in the
study, it has been determined that the most frequently violated principle in this humorous novel, which is a political criticism
through the transfer of various deceptions of the character named Zübükzade İbrahim Bey, who finds himself a place in politics
by deceiving the townspeople with his lies, is the principle of quality(%46), and this principle is violated by style (%30), quantity
(%14) and relation (%10). violations of the principles were detected; All the findings obtained were evaluated in a way to reveal
the relationship between the humorous elements in the novel Zübük and the violation of the principles of cooperation.

Kaynakça

  • Abdul Qadir, I. ve Juma’, T.R. (2018). Breaking Grice’s cooperative maxims in humerous interactions: a pragma-stylistic study of Shaw’s “Major Barbara”. Journal of Basra Research for Human Sciences, 43(1), ss. 42-59.
  • Al-Zubeiry, H. Y. (2020). Violation of Grice’s maxims and humorous implicatures in the Arabic comedy Madraset Al-Mushaghbeen. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 16 (2), ss. 1043-1057.
  • Coşar, M. ve Usta, Ç. (2016). Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarında Grice’ın işbirliği ilkesinin ihlali, Milli Folklör, 109, 141-152.
  • Dong, L. (1992). The world of English humor. Beijing: Foreign Languages Teaching and Research Press. ss. 2-44.
  • Dynel, M. (2008). There is method in the humorous speaker’s madness: humour and Grice’s model. Lodz Papers in Pragmatics, 4, ss. 159-185.
  • Ferrar, M. (1993). The logic of the Ludicrous: A pragmatic study of humour. Thesis (Ph.D.) University of London.
  • Grice, H. P. (1957). “Meaning”. The Philosophical Review 66, pp. 377-388.
  • Grice, H.P. (1968). “Utterer’s meaning, sentence meaning and word meaning”, Foundations of Language4, pp. 225-242.
  • Grice, H.P. (1969). “Utterer’s meaning and intention”. The Philosophical Review 78, ss. 147-177.
  • Grice, H.P. (1975). Logic and conversation. In P. Cole & J.L. Morgan (Eds.), Syntax and semantics: speech acts 3 (ss. 41-58). New York: Academic Press.
  • Kehinde, O. F. (2016). A Night of a Thousand Laughs: A pragmatic study of humour in Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 6(6), ss. 433-436
  • Koestler, A. (1993). Humour and wit. In Robert, M. (Eds.), Encyclopedia Britannica (pp. 684-685). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica.
  • Nesin, A. (2021). Zübük (Yirmibirinci Basım). İstanbul: Nesin Yayıncılık.
  • Rafika, R., Yulliasri, I., Warsono, W. (2020). Flouting of Grice’s Maxim in the humorous utterances in American situation comedy 2 Broke Girls. English Education Journal, 10 (4), ss. 474-479.
  • Taberski, D. (1998). A Gricean analysis of a situation comedy. MA thesis, California State University, San Bernardino.
  • Taghiyev, I. (2017). Violation of Grice’s Maxims and ambiguity in English linguistic jokes. International E-Journal of Advances in Social Sciences, 3(7), ss. 284-288.
  • Tek, Z. (2018). Henri Bergson’un gülme kuramı üzerinden Haldun Taner’in “Sancho’nun Sabah Yürüyüşü” adlı hikayesinin incelenmesi. TYB Akademi Dil Edebiyat ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24, ss. 31-49.
  • Thomas, J. (1995). Meaning in interaction: An introduction to pragmatics. Essex, England: Longman. Xue, Z. ve Hei, K. (2017). Grice’s maxims in humour: The case of Home with Kids. Journal of English Education, 6 (1), ss. 49-58

İşbirliği İlkelerinin İhlali ve Sözel Mizah: Zübük Romanı Örneği

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 38 - 53, 30.09.2022
https://doi.org/10.29228/ijlet.63701

Öz

Sözel mizah, dil yoluyla yaratılan mizah anlamına gelir ve gündelik yaşamın hemen her alanında açık veya örtük bir biçimde karşımıza çıkabilmektedir. Sözel mizahın örtük biçimde yapılması, sıklıkla İşbirliği İlkelerinin ihlal edilmesiyle gerçekleştirilmekte, bu ilkelerin ihlal edilmesi sözel mizah alıcısının anlam dünyasında komedi unsuru olarak yorumlanacak bir netki yaratmaktadır. İletişim katılımcılarının, konuşmalarını işbirlikçi bir biçimde sürdürdükleri savından yola çıkarak Grice (1975) tarafından geliştirilen bu ilkeler, katılımcılara konuşmanın amacı ve yönü doğrultusunda, gereken zamanda, gerektiği kadar konuşmalarını koşullamaktadır. Başarılı bir iletişimin niteliklerini belirleyen bu ilkelerin ihlal edilmesi, mizahi metinlerin yapıtaşını oluşturmaktadır. Bu bilgiler çerçevesinde, İşbirliği İlkeleri ile sözel mizah arasındaki ilişkiyi doküman analizi yöntemiyle elde edilen bulgularla ortaya koymayı amaçlayan bu çalışmada da Aziz Nesin tarafından kaleme alınan Zübük adlı roman İşbirliği İlkelerinin ihlali çerçevesinde incelenmekte, her bir ilkenin ihlali ile bu ihlalden doğan mizahi etki niceliksel ve niteliksel verilerle desteklenerek ortaya koyulmaktadır. Çalışmada yapılan incelemeler sonucu, kasaba halkını yalanlarıyla kandırarak kendisine siyasette yer bulan Zübükzade İbrahim Bey adlı karakterin türlü aldatmacalarının aktarılması yoluyla siyasi bir eleştiri olma niteliği taşıyan bu gülmece romanında en sık ihlal edilen ilkenin nitelik ilkesi olduğu belirlenmiş (%46), bu ilke ihlalini ise tarz (%30), nicelik (%14) ve bağıntı (%10) ilkelerinin ihlallerinin izlediği saptanmış; elde edilen tüm saptamalar Zübük romanındaki mizahi unsurlar ile işbirliği ilkelerinin ihlali arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koyacak biçimde değerlendirilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Abdul Qadir, I. ve Juma’, T.R. (2018). Breaking Grice’s cooperative maxims in humerous interactions: a pragma-stylistic study of Shaw’s “Major Barbara”. Journal of Basra Research for Human Sciences, 43(1), ss. 42-59.
  • Al-Zubeiry, H. Y. (2020). Violation of Grice’s maxims and humorous implicatures in the Arabic comedy Madraset Al-Mushaghbeen. Journal of Language and Linguistic Studies, 16 (2), ss. 1043-1057.
  • Coşar, M. ve Usta, Ç. (2016). Nasreddin Hoca fıkralarında Grice’ın işbirliği ilkesinin ihlali, Milli Folklör, 109, 141-152.
  • Dong, L. (1992). The world of English humor. Beijing: Foreign Languages Teaching and Research Press. ss. 2-44.
  • Dynel, M. (2008). There is method in the humorous speaker’s madness: humour and Grice’s model. Lodz Papers in Pragmatics, 4, ss. 159-185.
  • Ferrar, M. (1993). The logic of the Ludicrous: A pragmatic study of humour. Thesis (Ph.D.) University of London.
  • Grice, H. P. (1957). “Meaning”. The Philosophical Review 66, pp. 377-388.
  • Grice, H.P. (1968). “Utterer’s meaning, sentence meaning and word meaning”, Foundations of Language4, pp. 225-242.
  • Grice, H.P. (1969). “Utterer’s meaning and intention”. The Philosophical Review 78, ss. 147-177.
  • Grice, H.P. (1975). Logic and conversation. In P. Cole & J.L. Morgan (Eds.), Syntax and semantics: speech acts 3 (ss. 41-58). New York: Academic Press.
  • Kehinde, O. F. (2016). A Night of a Thousand Laughs: A pragmatic study of humour in Nigeria. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 6(6), ss. 433-436
  • Koestler, A. (1993). Humour and wit. In Robert, M. (Eds.), Encyclopedia Britannica (pp. 684-685). Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica.
  • Nesin, A. (2021). Zübük (Yirmibirinci Basım). İstanbul: Nesin Yayıncılık.
  • Rafika, R., Yulliasri, I., Warsono, W. (2020). Flouting of Grice’s Maxim in the humorous utterances in American situation comedy 2 Broke Girls. English Education Journal, 10 (4), ss. 474-479.
  • Taberski, D. (1998). A Gricean analysis of a situation comedy. MA thesis, California State University, San Bernardino.
  • Taghiyev, I. (2017). Violation of Grice’s Maxims and ambiguity in English linguistic jokes. International E-Journal of Advances in Social Sciences, 3(7), ss. 284-288.
  • Tek, Z. (2018). Henri Bergson’un gülme kuramı üzerinden Haldun Taner’in “Sancho’nun Sabah Yürüyüşü” adlı hikayesinin incelenmesi. TYB Akademi Dil Edebiyat ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 24, ss. 31-49.
  • Thomas, J. (1995). Meaning in interaction: An introduction to pragmatics. Essex, England: Longman. Xue, Z. ve Hei, K. (2017). Grice’s maxims in humour: The case of Home with Kids. Journal of English Education, 6 (1), ss. 49-58
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Bilge Öztürk 0000-0002-3951-3554

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Eylül 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Öztürk, B. (2022). İşbirliği İlkelerinin İhlali ve Sözel Mizah: Zübük Romanı Örneği. International Journal of Languages’ Education and Teaching, 10(3), 38-53. https://doi.org/10.29228/ijlet.63701