The Use of Spatial Decision Support Systems (SDSS) in Municipalities: A Case Study of Istanbul

Öz

The use of decision support systems, which are widely used in the private sector such as education, health, agriculture, supply chain, etc., has been increasing in recent years in the production or provision of decisions of local public goods and services. Spatial decision support systems have started to be used in Turkiye in the 2020s, especially in urban services such as infrastructure services. These systems are defined as an important tool for local governments in the National Smart Cities Strategy and Action Plan prepared by the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change in 2019. This situation has made it important to examine how decision support systems are used in municipalities, which are the local government units where the principle of closeness to the people in service is adopted the most. The aim of the study is to examine the use of spatial decision support systems in municipalities in Istanbul. Qualitative research method was used in the study. The study group was designed with a nested multiple case design and elite interviews were conducted with a total of 18 participants from metropolitan and 4 sub- municipalities at different budget levels in Istanbul. In the study, it was observed that most of the municipalities using decision support systems used spatial decision support systems. In addition, it was concluded that the use of spatial decision support systems alone is not sufficient, and that the use of these systems together with participatory decision support systems increases local democracy and participation in public decision-making processes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• decision support system
• spatial decision support system
• municipial budget planning
• decision support system in budget planning
• participatory decision support system

Belediyelerde Mekânsal Karar Destek Sistemi (SDSS) Kullanımı: İstanbul Üzerine Bir Saha Araştırması

Öz

Eğitim, sağlık, tarım, tedarik zinciri gibi özel sektörde yaygın olarak kullanılan karar destek sistemlerinin kullanımı, son yıllarda yerel kamusal mal ve hizmetlerin üretim veya sunum kararlarının alınmasında da artmaktadır. Mekânsal karar destek sistemleri 2020’li yıllarla beraber Türkiye’de de özellikle altyapı hizmetleri gibi kentsel hizmetlerde kullanılmaya başlamıştır. Söz konusu sistemler Türkiye’de Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı’nın 2019 yılında hazırladığı Ulusal Akıllı Şehirler Stratejisi ve Eylem Planı’nda yerel yönetimler için önemli bir araç olarak tanımlanmıştır. Bu durum hizmette halka yakınlık ilkesinin en çok benimsendiği yerel yönetim birimleri olan belediyelerde karar destek sistemlerinin nasıl kullanıldığının incelenmesini önemli kılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı İstanbul’daki belediyelerde mekânsal karar destek sistemlerinin kullanımının incelenmesidir. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubu iç içe geçmiş çoklu durum deseniyle tasarlanmış ve İstanbul’daki büyükşehir ve farklı bütçe düzeylerinde bulunan 4 ilçe belediyesinden toplam 18 katılımcıyla elit görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada karar destek sistemi kullanılan 9 birimin çoğunda mekânsal karar destek sisteminden yararlanıldığı görülmüştür. Ayrıca mekânsal karar destek sisteminin tek başına kullanımının yeterli olmadığı, söz konusu sistemlerin katılımcı karar destek sistemleriyle birlikte kullanımının yerel demokrasiyi ve kamusal karar alma süreçlerinde katılımcılığı arttırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• karar destek sistemi
• mekansal karar destek sistemi
• belediye bütçe planlama
• bütçe planlamada karar destek sistemleri
• katılımcı karar destek sistemi

Kaynakça

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