İki Aşamalı Ağ Veri Zarflama Analizinde Çapraz Etkinlik Ölçümü: Türkiye Havalimanları Uygulaması

Öz

Bu çalışma, bir sistemin genel etkinliğinin sisteminin alt süreçlere ayrıştırılarak ölçülmesini ele almaktadır. Uygulama alanı olarak Türkiye için önemli bir hizmet sektörü olan havayolu sektörü seçilmiştir. Yazın incelendiğinde, Türk havayolu sektöründe yapılan etkinlik çalışmalarında üretim sürecinin tek aşamalı olarak ele alınarak geleneksel Veri Zarflama Analizi (VZA) ile gerçekleştirildiği görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada ise havalimanlarının genel etkinliğinin, operasyonel ve gelir etkinliği olmak üzere iki alt etkinlik bazında, daha ayrıntılı bir şekilde Ağ Veri Zarflama Analizi ile ölçülmesi amaçlanmıştır. Etkinlik analizinde Kao ve Hwang’ın (2008) İlişkisel Ağ Veri Zarflama Analizi modeli kullanılmıştır. Etkinlik değerlerinin sıralanmasında ise Kao ve Liu’nun (2019) Çapraz Etkinlik Ölçümü kullanılarak akran değerlendirmeden yararlanılmıştır. Çalışmada, Devlet Hava Meydanları İşletmesi tarafından işletilen ve 2019 yılı itibarı ile yıllık yolcu trafiği 400.000’in üzerinde olan 27 havalimanı incelenmiştir. Yapılan analizlerde, göreli tam etkinliğe sahip bir havalimanı tespit edilememişken, bazı havalimanlarının alt süreçler bakımından kısmen etkin olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ağ Veri Zarflama Analizi
• Havalimanı Etkinliği
• Çapraz Etkinlik Ölçümü

Cross Efficiency Measurement in Two-Stage Network Data Envelopment Analysis: An Application of the Airports in Türkiye

Öz

This study deals with measuring the overall efficiency of a system by breaking it down into its constituent sub-processes. The airline sector, which is an important service sector for Türkiye, has been chosen as the application area. When the relevant literature is examined, it is seen that the production process in efficiency studies in the Turkish airline sector is carried out with traditional Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) by considering the efficiency process as a single stage. This study aimed to measure the overall efficiency of airports in more detail on the basis of two sub-activities, operational and revenue efficiency, using Network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA). Kao and Hwang’s (2008) Relational Network Data Envelopment Analysis model was used in the efficiency analysis. In ranking efficiency values, peer evaluation was used based on Kao and Liu’s (2019) Cross-Efficiency Measurement approach. In the study, 27 airports operated by the State Airports Authority (DHMİ) with an annual passenger traffic of over 400.000 as of 2019 were examined. In the analysis, it was found that while an airport with relative overall efficiency could not be identified, some airports were partially effective in terms of sub-processes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Network Data Envelopment Analysis
• Airport Efficiency
• Cross-Efficiency Measurement

Kaynakça

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