Araştırma Makalesi
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Haber Tüketim Motivasyonları ve Tatminleri Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi ve Psikometrik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi

Yıl 2022, , 143 - 167, 21.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.47998/ikad.1120452

Öz

Bu çalışmada Web 2.0 kullanıcılarının haber tüketim motivasyon ve tatminleri belirlemeye yönelik Haber Tüketim Motivasyonları ve Tatminleri Ölçeği geliştirilmiş ve ölçeğin psikometrik özellikleri incelenmiştir. Ölçekte katılımcıların YouTube, Instagram ve haber sitesi-dijital gazete kapsamında haber tüketim motivasyon ve tatminlerini ölçmeye yönelik olarak tasarlanmış 27 adet 7’li likert tipi ifade yer almaktadır. Ölçeğin teorik altyapısını kullanımlar ve doyumlar kuramı oluşturmaktadır. Ölçek; Eğlence ve Rahatlama, Güvenirlik, Teknik Olanaklar ve Kolaylık, Zengin ve İsteğe Bağlı İçerik ve Aktif Katılım olmak üzere 5 faktörlü bir yapıdan oluşmaktadır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 869 Web 2.0 kullanıcısı oluşturmaktadır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini incelemek amacıyla öncelikle 576 kişiye ulaşılmış ve açımlayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi %77.23’lük varyansa sahip 5 faktörlü bir yapı önermiştir. Sonrasında 346 kişiye ulaşılmış ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi teorik yapıyı doğrulamış ve uyum endeksleri “mükemmel uyum” göstermiştir. Yakınsak ve ayrışma geçerliği için elde edilen beş faktörün AVE değerleri .65 ile .71 arasında, CR değerleri ise .90 ile .94 arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Cronbach Alfa değeri ölçeğin tamamı için .90 olmuş, beş alt ölçek için ise .90 ile .98 arasında değiştiği bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak çalışma kapsamında geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirilmiştir.

Kaynakça

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The Development and Psychometric Properties of News Consumption Motivations and Gratifications Scale

Yıl 2022, , 143 - 167, 21.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.47998/ikad.1120452

Öz

In this study, News Consumption Motivations and Gratifications Scale was developed to determine Web 2.0 users’ news consumption motivations and the psychometric properties of the scale were examined. The scale is composed of 27 items which are 7-point Likert-type measures motivation and satisfaction of participants' news consumption within the scope of YouTube, Instagram, and news site-digital newspapers. The theoretical structure of the scale is based on the uses and gratifications theory. The scale has a five-factor structure which is Entertainment and Relaxation, Reliability, Technical Opportunities and Convenience, Prosperous and Optional Content, and Active Participation and Active Participation. The participants of the study included 922 Web 2.0 users. First of all, in order to examine the construct validity of the scale data was collected from 576 participants and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted. EFA yielded a five-factor structure explaining 70.68% of the variance. Then the scale was applied to 346 participants for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). CFA confirmed the factor structure, showing an “excellent” fit. In order to examine the convergent and discriminant validity, AVE and CR were calculated. It was found that AVE values of the subscales were between .65 and .71, and CR values of the subscales were between .90 and .94. The Cronbach Alpha value of the total scale was .90, of the subscales, ranging from .90 to .98. As a result, the study provides evidence for a valid and reliable scale.

Kaynakça

  • Adaklı, G. (2006). Türkiye’de medya endüstrisi: Neoliberalizm çağında mülkiyet ve kontrol ilişkileri. Ütopya Yayınevi.
  • Alsridi, H. (2018). Uses and gratifications of online news among young adults in Bahrain. Athens Journal of Mass Media and Communications, 4(1), 63-80.
  • Althaus, S. L. and Tewksbury, D. (2000). Patterns of internet and traditional news media use in a networked community. Political communication, 17(1), 21-45.
  • Amable, B. (2011). Morals and politics in the ideology of neo-liberalism. Socio-Economic Review, 9(1), 3-30.
  • Arifin, W. N. (2015). The graphical assessment of multivariate normality using SPSS. Education in Medicine Journal, 7(2), 71-75.
  • Balcı, E. V. (2015). Kültürel farklılıklar bağlamında internetten haber alma ve kullanım motivasyonları [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Konya Selçuk Üniversitesi.
  • Balcı, Ş., Akar, H. ve Ayhan, B. (2010). Kullanımlar ve doyumlar yaklaşımı çerçevesinde seçim dönemlerinde gazete okuma alışkanlıkları ve motivasyonlar: Konya örneği. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi, 30, 51-79.
  • Ballard, C. L. (2011). What’s happening” @Twitter: A uses and gratifications approach. [Unpublished master thesis]. Lexington University of Kentucky.
  • Bayar, F. (2008). Küreselleşme kavramı ve küreselleşme sürecinde Türkiye. Uluslararası Ekonomik Sorunlar Dergisi, 32, 25-34.
  • Bayram, F. (2007). Bireylerin gazete okuma alışkanlıkları: kullanımlar ve doyumlar yaklaşımına göre okuyucu davranışları, tercihleri ve nedenleri üzerine bir uygulama [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Eskişehir Anadolu Üniversitesi. Becan, C. (2018). Sosyal medya bağımlılığının haber takibi motivasyonları üzerine etkisi. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 5(3), 238-256.
  • Bondad-Brown, B. A., Rice, R. E., & Pearce, K. E. (2012). Influences on TV viewing and online user-shared video use: Demographics, generations, contextual age, media use, motivations, and audience activity. Journal of Broadcasting ve Electronic Media, 56(4), 471-493.
  • Böke, K. (2017). Örnekleme. K. Böke (Ed.), Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri içinde (s. 105-152). Alfa Basım.
  • Bilecen, N. S. (2010). Bireylerin gazete okuma alışkanlıkları ve motivasyonları kullanımlar ve doyumlar yaklaşımı çerçevesinde Karadeniz bölgesinde bir saha araştırması [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Konya Selçuk Üniversitesi.
  • Birsen, Ö. (2005). Çok seçenekli medya ortamında kitle iletişim araçlarının tüketim ve seçim biçimi (Eskişehir örnekleminde bir izlerkitle araştırması) [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Eskişehir Anadolu Üniversitesi.
  • Bryden, L. T. (2017). Online dating applications and the uses and gratifications theory [Unpublished master thesis]. USA Eastern Washington University.
  • Carter, S. M. (2008). The day we all became hokies: An exploratory uses and gratifications study of Facebook use after the Virginia Tech shootings [Unpublished master thesis]. Lynchburg Liberty University.
  • Chaney, D. (1972). Processes of mass communication. Macmillan.
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  • Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (1992). A first course in factor analysis (2nd ed.). Erlbaum.
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  • Johnson, P. R. (2014). Toward a uses and gratification's model of Twitter[Unpublished master thesis]. New York Syracuse University.
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  • Karimi, L., Khodabandelou, R., Ehsani, M., & Ahmad, M. (2014). Applying the uses and gratifications theory to compare higher education students' motivation for using social networking sites: Experiences from Iran, Malaysia, United Kingdom, and South Africa. Contemporary Educational Technology, 5(1), 53-72.
  • Karlis, J. V. (2013). That's news to me: An exploratory study of the uses and gratifications of current events on social media of 18-24 year-olds. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis. Columbia: University of South Carolina.
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  • Kaya, A. R. (2009). İktidar yumağı: Medya sermaye devlet. İmge Kitabevi.
  • Kaye, B. K. (2005). It’s a blog, blog, blog, blog world. Atlantic Journal of Communication, 13(2), 73-95.
  • Kaye, B. K., & Johnson, T. J. (2002). Online and in the know: Uses and gratifications of the web for political information. Journal of Broadcasting ve Electronic Media, 46(1), 54-71.
  • Kaye, B. K., & Johnson, T. J. (2004). A web for all reasons: Uses and gratifications of internet components for political information. Telematics and Informatics, 21(3), 197-223.
  • Kılıçoğlu, F. E. (2009). Televizyon ana haberlerinin kullanımlar ve doyumlar yaklaşımı bağlamında irdelenmesi [Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi]. Eskişehir Anadolu Üniversitesi.
  • Kim, J. (2014). The main uses and gratifications of Facebook use for international students in Hawaii. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis. Manoa: University of Hawaii.
  • Klapper, J. T. (1963). Mass communication research: An old road resurveyed. Public Opinion Quarterly, 27(4), 515-527.
  • Kline, R. B. (1994). An easy guide to factor analysis. Taylor and Francis Group, Routledge.
  • Koçak, A., & Bulduklu, Y. (2010). Sağlık iletişimi: Yaşlıların televizyonda yayınlanan sağlık programlarını izleme motivasyonları. Selçuk Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Akademik Dergisi, 6(3), 5-17.
  • Koçak, A., & Kaya, A. Y. (2004). Information and more: Uses and gratifications of print newspapers among university students in Turkey. 2nd International Symposium, Communication in the Millennium: A Dialogue Between Turkish American Scholars, İstanbul: İstanbul University, pp. 1099-1107.
  • Korgaonkar, P. K., & Wolin, L. D. (1999). A multivariate analysis of web usage. Journal of AdvertisingR, 39 (2), 53-53.
  • Ku, Y. C., Chu, T. H., & Tseng, C. H. (2013). Gratifications for using CMC technologies: A comparison among SNS, IM, and e-mail. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(1), 226-234.
  • Kurmuş, O. (2010). Türkiye'de neoliberalizm. Mülkiye Dergisi, 34(268), 9-41.
  • Krcmar, M. (2017). Uses and gratifications: Basic concepts. In P. Rössler (Ed.), The ınternational encyclopedia of media effects (pp. 1-13). Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley ve Sons, Inc.
  • Krcmar, M., & Strizhakova, Y. (2009). Uses and gratifications as media choice. In T. Hartmann (Ed.), Media choice: A theoretical and empirical overview (pp. 53-69). Taylor and Francis Group, Routledge.
  • Lee, C. S., & Ma, L. (2012). News sharing in social media: The effect of gratifications and prior experience. Computers in Human Behavior, 28(2), 331-339.
  • Leung, L. (2001). College student motives for chatting on ICQ. New Media ve Society, 3(4), 483-500.
  • Levy, M. R. (1987). VCR use and the concept of audience activity. Communication Quarterly, 35(3), 267-275.
  • Levy, M. R., & Windahl, S. (1984). Audience activity and gratifications: A conceptual clarification and exploration. Communication Research, 11(1), 51-78.
  • Lin, C. A. (1999). Online service adoption likelihood. Journal of Advertising Research, 39, 79-89.
  • Lin, C. A, Salwen, M. B., & Abdulla, R. A. (2005). Uses and gratifications of online and offline news: New wine in an old bottle. In M. B. Salwen, B. Garrison and P. D. Driscoll (Eds), Online news and the public (pp. 221-236). Taylor and Francis Group, Routledge.
  • Luo, X. (2002). Uses and gratifications theory and e-consumer behaviors: A structural equation modeling study. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 2(2), 34-41.
  • McQuail, D. (1984). With the benefit of hindsight: Reflections on uses and gratifications research. Critical Studies in Media Communication, 1(2), 177-193.
  • Michailina, S., Andreas, M., & Christos, P. (2015). Uses and gratifications in online news: Comparing social media and news media use by users. 4th International Conference in Quatitative and Qualitative Methodologies in the Economic and Administrative Sciences, Athens, Greece, May 21-22, 2015, ICQQMEAS. p. 35 ISBN: 978-960-98739-6-3. C. C. Frangos (Ed.).
  • Mings, S. M. (1997). Uses and gratifications of online newspapers: A preliminary study. The Electronic Journal of Communication, 7(3).
  • O'Brien, H., Freund, L., & Westman, S. (2014). What motivates the online news browser? News item selection in a social information seeking scenario. Information Research, 19(3), 634-650.
  • Özdamar, K. (2004). Paket programlarla istatistiksel veri analizi. Kaan Kitabevi.
  • Özeltürkay, E. Y., & Yarımoğlu, E. (2019). Tüketiciler sosyal medyayı nasıl ve niçin kullanırlar? Kullanıcı tarafından oluşturulmuş içerik ve kullanımlar ve doyumlar kuramlarına dayalı nitel bir çalışma. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 28(1), 142-161.
  • Özer, M. (2013). Medya ekonomisi ve işletmeciliği. E. Dağtaş (Ed.), Basın işletmeciliği içinde (s. 88-109.). Anadolu Üniversitesi Web-Ofset tesisleri.
  • Palmgreen, P., & Rayburn, J. D. (1982). Gratifications sought and media exposure an expectancy value model. Communication Research, 9(4), 561-580.
  • Palmgreen, P., & Rayburn, J. D. (1985). A comparison of gratification models of media satisfaction. Communications Monographs, 52(4), 334-346.
  • Palmgreen, P., Wenner, L. A., & Rayburn, J. D. (1980). Relations between gratifications sought and obtained: A study of television news. Communication Research, 7(2), 161-192.
  • Palmgreen, P., Wenner, L. A., & Rayburn, J. D. (1981). Gratification discrepancies and news program choice. Communication Research, 8(4), 451-478.
  • Pantic, M. (2017). Uses and gratifications of digital media: The case of live blogs. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis. Knoxville: University of Tennessee.
  • Papacharissi, Z., & Rubin, A. M. (2000). Predictors of Internet use. Journal of Broadcasting ve Electronic Media, 44(2), 175-196.
  • Payne, G. A., Dozier, D., Nomai, A., & Yagade, A. (2003). Newspapers and the Internet: A uses and gratifications perspective. Ecquid Novi, 24(1), 115-126.
  • Peksevgen, B. S. (2016). Global dünyada değişen basın ve gazetecilik. Global Media Journal TR Edition, 6(12), 587-600.
  • Pentina, I., & Tarafdar, M. (2014). From “information” to “knowing”: Exploring the role of social media in contemporary news consumption. Computers in Human Behavior, 35, 211-223.
  • Perse, E. M. (1990a). Audience selectivity and involvement in the newer media environment. Communication Research, 17(5), 675-697.
  • Perse, E. M. (1990b). Involvement with local television news: Cognitive and emotional dimensions. Human Communication Research, 16(4), 556-581.
  • Perse, E. M., & Dunn, D. G. (1998). The utility of home computers and media use: Implications of multimedia and connectivity. Journal of Broadcasting ve Electronic Media, 42(4), 435-456.
  • Quan-Haase, A., & Young, A. L. (2010). Uses and gratifications of social media: A comparison of facebook and instant messaging. Bulletin of Science, Technology ve Society, 30(5), 350-361.
  • Rubin, A. M. (1983). Television uses and gratifications: The interactions of viewing patterns and motivations. Journal of Broadcasting ve Electronic Media, 27(1), 37-51.
  • Rubin, A. M. (2009). Uses and gratifications Perspective on Media Effects. In J. Bryant and M. B. Oliver (Eds.), Media effects: Advances in theory and research (pp. 165-184). Routledge.
  • Rubin, A. M., & Bantz, C. R. (1987). Utility of videocassette recorders. American Behavioral Scientist, 30(5), 471-485.
  • Rubin, A. M., & Perse, E. M. (1987). Audience activity and television news gratifications. Communication Research, 14(1), 58-84.
  • Ruggiero, T. E. (2000). Uses and gratifications theory in the 21st century. Mass Communication and Society, 3(1), 3-37.
  • Sumiala, J. M., & Tikka, M. (2013). Broadcast yourself—Global news! A netnography of the “flotilla” news on YouTube. Communication, Culture ve Critique, 6(2), 318-335.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics (6th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Taha, Y. (2020). Uses and gratifications of social media in the Middle East North Africa region [Unpublished master thesis]. Cairo The American University.
  • Taş, O. (2006). İletişim alanında yöndeşme eğilimleri: Teknoloji, pazar ve düzenleme. Kültür ve İletişim, 9(2), 33-62.
  • Thorsen, D. E., & Lie, A. (2006). What is neoliberalism? University of Oslo, Department of Political Science, Manuscript, 1-21.
  • Vincent, R. C., & Basil, M. D. (1997). College students’ news gratifications, media use, and current events knowledge. Journal of Broadcasting ve Electronic Media, 41(3), 380-392.
  • Yoo, C. Y. (2011). Modeling audience interactivity as the gratification-seeking process in online newspapers. Communication Theory, 21(1), 67-89.
  • Yuan, Y. (2011). A survey study on uses and gratification of social networking sites in China [Unpublished master thesis]. Athens Ohio University.
  • Yurdigül, Y., & Yüksel, H. (2012). Gazeteciliğin Dönüşümü: Yeni medyaya entegrasyon sürecinde değişen habercilik pratikleri. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, 18, 140-161.
  • Zaiţ, A., & Bertea, P. S. P. E. (2011). Methods for testing discriminant validity. Management ve Marketing Journal, 9(2), 217-224.
Toplam 106 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İletişim ve Medya Çalışmaları
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Kenan Atesgoz 0000-0002-2771-4965

Deniz Kılıç 0000-0001-7852-9084

Yayımlanma Tarihi 21 Aralık 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 25 Mayıs 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022

Kaynak Göster

APA Atesgoz, K., & Kılıç, D. (2022). Haber Tüketim Motivasyonları ve Tatminleri Ölçeği’nin Geliştirilmesi ve Psikometrik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi. İletişim Kuram Ve Araştırma Dergisi, 2022(60), 143-167. https://doi.org/10.47998/ikad.1120452