Araştırma Makalesi
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21. Yüzyıl Tüketicisine Seslenen Pazarlama Stratejisi Olarak Marka Aktivizmi: Reklam Profesyonelleri ve Tüketici Eksenli Bir Çalışma

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 70, 170 - 193, 17.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.47998/ikad.1663150

Öz

21. yüzyılın pazarlama stratejilerinden biri hâline gelen marka aktivizmi kavramı, son yıllarda birçok akademik çalışmada kendisine yer bulmaktadır. Kavram hakkında yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde, marka aktivizmine iyimser ve kötümser yaklaşan perspektiflerin olduğu fakat konuya bütüncül bir çerçeveden yaklaşılmadığı saptanmıştır. Bu sebeple, ilgili çalışmanın temel amacı, marka aktivizmine üçüncü bir mercekten bakmayı sağlayacak verilerin oluşturulmasıdır. Karma yöntemin benimsendiği çalışmada, marka aktivizmine iyimser yaklaşan reklam profesyonelleri ile çekimser ve şüpheci konumda olan tüketicilerin kavrama yönelik görüşleri derlenmiştir. Reklam profesyonelleri ile yapılan yarı yapılandırılmış derinlemesine görüşme ve tüketicilerden elde edilen anket verileri, her iki grubun da markaları -politik başta olmak üzere- riskli konulardan uzak tutmak istediklerini göstermiştir. Marka aktivizminin nedenleri ile sürdürülebilirliği noktasında ayrışan reklam profesyonelleri ve tüketicilerin, markaların gerçekleştirdiği eylemlerde tutarlı davranması ve çözüm odaklı olması konularında aynı fikirde oldukları görülmüştür. Çalışmanın ortaya koyduğu diğer sonuçlar da tüketicilerin çevresel, toplumsal ve politik marka aktivizmine duyarlılıkları ile ilişkili olmuştur. Kadınların erkeklere göre belirlenen üç aktivizm türünde duyarlılıklarının daha fazla olduğu ortaya çıkan sonuçlar arasındadır.

Kaynakça

  • Aydınlıoğlu, Ö., ve Susur, M. (2021). Destek olmak veya ol(a)mamak: marka aktivizmi bağlamında bir değerlendirme. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 8(2), 847-869. https://doi.org/10.17680/erciyesiletisim.895504
  • Backman, F. (2021). Millennials demand for brand activism: A qualitative studie about corporate brands using brand activism as a communication strategy to reach millennials [Halmstad University]. https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44876
  • Bae, J., ve Cameron, G. (2006). Conditioning effect of prior reputation on perception of corporate giving. Public Relations Review, 32, 144-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2006.02.007
  • Batista, J. M., Barros, L. S. G., Peixoto, F. V., ve Botelho, D. (2022). Sarcastic or assertive: How should brands reply to consumers’ uncivil comments on social media in the context of brand activism? Journal of Interactive Marketing, 57(1), 141-158. https://doi.org/10.1177/10949968221075817
  • Baumann, S., Engman, A., ve Johnston, J. (2015). Shopping for change?: Political consumption, conventional politics, and high cultural capital. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 39, 413-421. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12223
  • Braun, V., ve Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
  • Bryman, A., ve Bell, E. (2011). Business research methods. Oxford University Press.
  • Cammarota, A., D’Arco, M., Marino, V., ve Resciniti, R. (2023). Brand activism: A literature review and future research agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 47(5), 1669-1691. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12967
  • Copeland, L., ve Boulianne, S. (2022). Political consumerism: A meta-analysis. International Political Science Review, 43(1), 3-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512120905048
  • Coşkun, R., Altunışık, R., ve Yıldırım, E. (2019). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri: SPSS uygulamaları. Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  • Çeti̇nkaya, A., ve Dondurucu, Z. (2022). Twitter’da otantik marka aktivizmi faaliyetlerinin halkla ilişkiler perspektifinden analizi: Ben&Jerry’s ve Patagonia örneği. Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 39, 73-103. https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.1019457
  • Escalas, J. (2004). Narrative processing: Building consumer connections to brands. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 14(1-2), 168-180. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327663jcp1401&2_19
  • Folse, J. A., Niedrich, R., ve Grau, S. (2010). Cause-relating marketing: The effects of purchase quantity and firm donation amount on consumer ınferences and participation ıntentions. Journal of Retailing. 86, 295-309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2010.02.005
  • Garg, N., ve Saluja, G. (2022). A tale of two “ıdeologies”: Differences in consumer response to brand activism. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, 7(3), 325-339. https://doi.org/10.1086/719584
  • George, D., ve Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows step-by-Step: A Simple Guide and Reference, 16.0 update. Allyn & Bacon.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., ve Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis. Pearson.
  • Hassinen, M. (2018). A critical approach to Kotler and Sarkar’s brand activism: A comparison to a theoretical framework of CSR, CC, and activism [Bachelor’s thesis, Aalto University]. https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/35811
  • Howard, M. (2001). Practice Paper 21st-century consumer society. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 1(1), 94-101. Ipsos. (2023, Ağustos 9). Data dive: Gen Z myths vs. realities | Ipsos. https://www.ipsos.com/en-us/data-dive-gen-z-myths-vs-realities
  • Jamoneau, M. (2019). Brand activism: An analysis on how brand activism could ınfluence the buying behaviour of Dutch consumers. [Master]. Erasmus University Rotterdam.
  • Kotler, P., ve Sarkar, C. (2017, Ocak 9). “Finally, brand activism!” The Marketing Journal. https://www.marketingjournal.org/finally-brand-activism-philip-kotler-and-christian-sarkar/
  • Manfredi-Sánchez, J.-L. (2019). Brand activism. Communication & Society, 343-359. https://doi.org/10.15581/003.32.37294
  • Micheletti, M., ve Follesdal, A. (2007). shopping for human rights. An introduction to the special ıssue. Journal of Consumer Policy, 30, 167-175. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10603-007-9039-0
  • Mirzaei, A., Wilkie, D. C., ve Siuki, H. (2022). Woke brand activism authenticity or the lack of it. Journal of Business Research, 139, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.09.044
  • Moorman, C. (2020). Commentary: Brand activism in a political world. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 39, 388-392. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743915620945260
  • Mukherjee, S., ve Althuizen, N. (2020). Brand activism: Does courting controversy help or hurt a brand? International Journal of Research in Marketing, 37(4), 772-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2020.02.008
  • Nas, A. (2023). Marka aktivizmi: Eleştirel bir bakış. Çizgi Kitabevi.
  • Öztürk, E. (2023). Marka aktivizmi tipolojileri. İletişim Bilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 24-37.
  • Sarkar, C., ve Kotler, P. (2020). Brand activism: from purpose to action. Idea Bite Press.
  • Schmeltz, L. (2012). Consumer-oriented CSR communication: Focusing on ability or morality? Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 17, 29-49. https://doi.org/10.1108/13563281211196344
  • Sibai, O., Mimoun, L., ve Boukis, A. (2021). Authenticating brand activism: Negotiating the boundaries of free speech to make a change. Psychology and Marketing, 38(10), 1651-1669. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21477
  • Sobande, F. (2019). Woke-washing: “Intersectional” femvertising and branding “woke” bravery. European Journal of Marketing, 54(11), 2723-2745. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-02-2019-0134
  • Tabachnick, B. G., ve Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics. Pearson Education.
  • Uusitalo, O., ve Oksanen, R. (2004). Ethical consumerism: A view from Finland. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 28, 214-221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2003.00339.x
  • Valentine, V., ve Gordon, W. (2017). The 21st century consumer: A new model of thinking. International Journal of Market Research, 42, 185-206. https://doi.org/10.1177/147078530004200203
  • Vredenburg, J., Kapitan, S., Spry, A., ve Kemper, J. A. (2020). Brands taking a stand: Authentic brand activism or woke washing? Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 39(4), 444-460. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743915620947359
  • Zukin, S. (2008). Consuming authenticity. Cultural Studies, 22(5). https://doi.org/10.1080/09502380802245985

Brand Activism as a Marketing Strategy Addressing 21st-Century Consumers: A Study of Advertising Professionals and Consumers

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 70, 170 - 193, 17.07.2025
https://doi.org/10.47998/ikad.1663150

Öz

The concept of brand activism has become a prominent 21st-century marketing strategy and has attracted considerable academic interest. A review of the literature shows both optimistic and pessimistic views, yet a truly holistic perspective is lacking. This mixed-methods study seeks to provide such a perspective by collecting the views of optimistic advertising professionals and skeptical consumers. In-depth, semi-structured interviews with professionals and survey data from consumers indicate that both groups prefer brands to steer clear of risky issues—particularly political ones. Although they differ on the motives and sustainability of brand activism, both groups agree that brands should act consistently and offer concrete solutions. Additional findings show that consumers’ sensitivity to environmental, social, and political activism varies by gender, with women displaying greater sensitivity across all three domains.

Etik Beyan

Bu makalenin araştırması, Fırat Üniversitesi Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Etik Kurulu’nun 04/01/2021 tarihli 16 sayılı kararı gereğince Etik Kurul Onayı almıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Aydınlıoğlu, Ö., ve Susur, M. (2021). Destek olmak veya ol(a)mamak: marka aktivizmi bağlamında bir değerlendirme. Erciyes İletişim Dergisi, 8(2), 847-869. https://doi.org/10.17680/erciyesiletisim.895504
  • Backman, F. (2021). Millennials demand for brand activism: A qualitative studie about corporate brands using brand activism as a communication strategy to reach millennials [Halmstad University]. https://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-44876
  • Bae, J., ve Cameron, G. (2006). Conditioning effect of prior reputation on perception of corporate giving. Public Relations Review, 32, 144-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2006.02.007
  • Batista, J. M., Barros, L. S. G., Peixoto, F. V., ve Botelho, D. (2022). Sarcastic or assertive: How should brands reply to consumers’ uncivil comments on social media in the context of brand activism? Journal of Interactive Marketing, 57(1), 141-158. https://doi.org/10.1177/10949968221075817
  • Baumann, S., Engman, A., ve Johnston, J. (2015). Shopping for change?: Political consumption, conventional politics, and high cultural capital. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 39, 413-421. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12223
  • Braun, V., ve Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3(2), 77-101.
  • Bryman, A., ve Bell, E. (2011). Business research methods. Oxford University Press.
  • Cammarota, A., D’Arco, M., Marino, V., ve Resciniti, R. (2023). Brand activism: A literature review and future research agenda. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 47(5), 1669-1691. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12967
  • Copeland, L., ve Boulianne, S. (2022). Political consumerism: A meta-analysis. International Political Science Review, 43(1), 3-18. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512120905048
  • Coşkun, R., Altunışık, R., ve Yıldırım, E. (2019). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri: SPSS uygulamaları. Sakarya Yayıncılık.
  • Çeti̇nkaya, A., ve Dondurucu, Z. (2022). Twitter’da otantik marka aktivizmi faaliyetlerinin halkla ilişkiler perspektifinden analizi: Ben&Jerry’s ve Patagonia örneği. Türkiye İletişim Araştırmaları Dergisi, 39, 73-103. https://doi.org/10.17829/turcom.1019457
  • Escalas, J. (2004). Narrative processing: Building consumer connections to brands. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 14(1-2), 168-180. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327663jcp1401&2_19
  • Folse, J. A., Niedrich, R., ve Grau, S. (2010). Cause-relating marketing: The effects of purchase quantity and firm donation amount on consumer ınferences and participation ıntentions. Journal of Retailing. 86, 295-309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretai.2010.02.005
  • Garg, N., ve Saluja, G. (2022). A tale of two “ıdeologies”: Differences in consumer response to brand activism. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, 7(3), 325-339. https://doi.org/10.1086/719584
  • George, D., ve Mallery, P. (2010). SPSS for Windows step-by-Step: A Simple Guide and Reference, 16.0 update. Allyn & Bacon.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., ve Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis. Pearson.
  • Hassinen, M. (2018). A critical approach to Kotler and Sarkar’s brand activism: A comparison to a theoretical framework of CSR, CC, and activism [Bachelor’s thesis, Aalto University]. https://aaltodoc.aalto.fi/handle/123456789/35811
  • Howard, M. (2001). Practice Paper 21st-century consumer society. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 1(1), 94-101. Ipsos. (2023, Ağustos 9). Data dive: Gen Z myths vs. realities | Ipsos. https://www.ipsos.com/en-us/data-dive-gen-z-myths-vs-realities
  • Jamoneau, M. (2019). Brand activism: An analysis on how brand activism could ınfluence the buying behaviour of Dutch consumers. [Master]. Erasmus University Rotterdam.
  • Kotler, P., ve Sarkar, C. (2017, Ocak 9). “Finally, brand activism!” The Marketing Journal. https://www.marketingjournal.org/finally-brand-activism-philip-kotler-and-christian-sarkar/
  • Manfredi-Sánchez, J.-L. (2019). Brand activism. Communication & Society, 343-359. https://doi.org/10.15581/003.32.37294
  • Micheletti, M., ve Follesdal, A. (2007). shopping for human rights. An introduction to the special ıssue. Journal of Consumer Policy, 30, 167-175. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10603-007-9039-0
  • Mirzaei, A., Wilkie, D. C., ve Siuki, H. (2022). Woke brand activism authenticity or the lack of it. Journal of Business Research, 139, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.09.044
  • Moorman, C. (2020). Commentary: Brand activism in a political world. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 39, 388-392. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743915620945260
  • Mukherjee, S., ve Althuizen, N. (2020). Brand activism: Does courting controversy help or hurt a brand? International Journal of Research in Marketing, 37(4), 772-788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijresmar.2020.02.008
  • Nas, A. (2023). Marka aktivizmi: Eleştirel bir bakış. Çizgi Kitabevi.
  • Öztürk, E. (2023). Marka aktivizmi tipolojileri. İletişim Bilimi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1), 24-37.
  • Sarkar, C., ve Kotler, P. (2020). Brand activism: from purpose to action. Idea Bite Press.
  • Schmeltz, L. (2012). Consumer-oriented CSR communication: Focusing on ability or morality? Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 17, 29-49. https://doi.org/10.1108/13563281211196344
  • Sibai, O., Mimoun, L., ve Boukis, A. (2021). Authenticating brand activism: Negotiating the boundaries of free speech to make a change. Psychology and Marketing, 38(10), 1651-1669. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.21477
  • Sobande, F. (2019). Woke-washing: “Intersectional” femvertising and branding “woke” bravery. European Journal of Marketing, 54(11), 2723-2745. https://doi.org/10.1108/EJM-02-2019-0134
  • Tabachnick, B. G., ve Fidell, L. S. (2013). Using multivariate statistics. Pearson Education.
  • Uusitalo, O., ve Oksanen, R. (2004). Ethical consumerism: A view from Finland. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 28, 214-221. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-6431.2003.00339.x
  • Valentine, V., ve Gordon, W. (2017). The 21st century consumer: A new model of thinking. International Journal of Market Research, 42, 185-206. https://doi.org/10.1177/147078530004200203
  • Vredenburg, J., Kapitan, S., Spry, A., ve Kemper, J. A. (2020). Brands taking a stand: Authentic brand activism or woke washing? Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 39(4), 444-460. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743915620947359
  • Zukin, S. (2008). Consuming authenticity. Cultural Studies, 22(5). https://doi.org/10.1080/09502380802245985
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İletişim ve Medya Çalışmaları (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Hacer Taşdelen 0000-0002-8122-0560

Kenan Demirci 0000-0003-2164-7973

Yayımlanma Tarihi 17 Temmuz 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 22 Mart 2025
Kabul Tarihi 10 Haziran 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Sayı: 70

Kaynak Göster

APA Taşdelen, H., & Demirci, K. (2025). 21. Yüzyıl Tüketicisine Seslenen Pazarlama Stratejisi Olarak Marka Aktivizmi: Reklam Profesyonelleri ve Tüketici Eksenli Bir Çalışma. İletişim Kuram ve Araştırma Dergisi(70), 170-193. https://doi.org/10.47998/ikad.1663150