The Effect of Nutriton and Lifestyle on Age-related Macular Degeneration

Öz

Age-related macular degeneraton is an eye disease that is one of the biggest causes of blindness worldwide. Age-related macular degeneration is a complex and multifactorial disease. Although there are many risk factors both environmental and genetic such as ethnicity, age, genetics, family history, and oxidativestress, the most effective and modifiable risk factor in preventing age-related macular degeneration is smoking. In addition, the fact that nutrition is a potentially modifiable risk factor suggeststhat it may reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration. In many epidemiological studies, especially Age-Related Eye Disease Studies, the specific effect of vitamins and minerals, which are nutritional components, on age-related macular degeneration has been investigated as they prevent oxidativestress due to their antioxidant effect. In this review, the effects of diet and lifestyle change on age-related maculardegeneration are explained

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Macular degeneration
• risk factors
• eye diseases
• dietary supplements

Beslenme ve Yaşam Tarzının Yaşa Bağlı Makula Dejenerasyonuna Etkisi

Öz

Yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu, tüm dünyada körlüğün en büyük nedenlerinden biri olan göz hastalığıdır. Yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu karmaşık ve çok faktörlü bir hastalıktır. Hem çevresel hem genetik olarak hastalığa yol açan etnik köken, yaş, genetik, aile öyküsü, oksidatif stres gibi birçok risk faktörü bulunsa da yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonunu önlemede en etkili, değiştirilebilir risk faktörü sigara içmektir. Bunun yanında, beslenmenin de potansiyel değiştirilebilir bir risk faktörü olarak karşımıza çıkması, yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu oluşturma riskini azaltabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Beslenme ve/veya besin bileşenleri takviyesinin yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu üzerinde olumlu etki yaratabileceği düşünülmüş, bununla ilgili birçok çalışma yapılmıştır. Yaşa bağlı göz hastalıklarını inceleyen birçok epidemiyolojik çalışmada, antioksidan etkisinden dolayı oksidatif stresi engellediği için vitamin ve minerallerin, makula dejenerasyonu üzerindeki spesifik etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu derlemede, diyet ve yaşam tarzı değişikliğinin yaşa bağlı makula dejenerasyonu üzerindeki etkisi anlatılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Makula dejenerasyonu
• risk faktörleri
• göz hastalıkları
• diyet takviyeleri

Kaynakça

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