Parkinson Hastalığı'nda Myotonometri Yönteminin Rijidite Değerlendirmesinde Kullanımı

Öz

Parkinson hastalığı (PH) nigrostriatal dopaminerjik yolaktaki bozulmadan kaynaklı, Alzheimer Hastalığından sonra en sık görülen ikinci nörodejeneratif hastalıktır. Rijidite, bir ekstremitenin ya da aksiyal vücut parçasının pasif harekete karşı hızdan ve hareketin yönünden bağımsız olarak gösterdiği artmış direnç olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Rijidite, PH’nin tanı koydurucu, temel ve en sık görülen semptomlarından biridir ve rijidite değerlendirilmesi PH’de motor semptomları takip etme, hastalığın seyrini izleme ve tedavilerin etkinliğini değerlendirme, ilaç dozunu belirleme gibi önemli konularda kullanılabilmektedir. Rijidite değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan objektif ve kantitatif yöntemler bu nedenle büyük önem taşımaktadır. Myotonometri; kasın mekanik özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılan noninvaziv, kolay uygulanabilir, ucuz, geçerli ve güvenilir bir yöntemdir. Myotonometri aynı zamanda kasın sağlıklı olma durumu dışında tonusta değişikliklere yol açan rijidite ya da spastisite gibi durumlarında kasın mekanik özeliklerinin kantitatif olarak değerlendirilmesinde dolayısıyla kasın hastalık durumunun sayısal olarak ifade edilmesinde de kullanılmaktadır. Bu derlemenin amacı rijiditenin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan yöntemleri genel olarak açıklamak ve bu yöntemler arasında myotonometrinin yerini belirlemektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Parkinson hastalığı
• myotonometri
• rijidite değerlendirmesi

Utililization of Myotonometry for Assessment of Rigidity in Parkinson’s Disease

Öz

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease, following Alzheimer's, caused by the impairment in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway. Rigidity is defined as increased resistance to passive movement in a limb or axial body part, independent of speed and direction. Rigidity is a key and prevalent symptom of PD, and its assessment is crucial for diagnosing PD, monitoring motor symptoms, evaluating disease progression, assessing treatment efficacy, and determining medication dosages. Thus, objective and quantitative methods for evaluating rigidity, like Myotonometry, are of significant importance. Myotonometry is a non-invasive, easily applicable, inexpensive, valid, and reliable method used to determine the mechanical properties of muscles. It can be utilized to quantitatively assess muscle mechanical properties, such as rigidity or spasticity, which cause changes in muscle tone, besides determining the healthy state of the muscle. The purpose of this review is to provide a general overview of the methods used for rigidity assessment and to determine the role of myotonometry among these methods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Parkinson’s disease
• myotonometry
• rigidity assessment

Kaynakça

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