Physiological Effects of Rumination Accompanying Post-Natural Disaster Stress Disorder and Exercise Approaches in Intervention: A Traditional Review

Öz

Natural disasters have significant psychological and physical effects on people, but natural disasters, which can affect millions of people at the same time, do not cause the same reactions in everyone. Rumination and post-traumatic stress disorder, which are frequently seen after disasters, have many physiological effects ranging from increased cortisol levels to impaired endothelial function, release of inflammatory markers and increased blood pressure. Physical activity plays an important role in preventing the negative effects of rumination and posttraumatic stress disorder. Although the type or dose of exercise required for optimal results has not been established in the literature, it is emphasized that there should be continuity in order to maintain the positive results achieved with structured physical activity. Aerobic exercises (cycling, walking, swimming, etc.), yoga, stretching and strengthening exercises are among the most frequently used structured physical activities in the literature to reduce the effects of posttraumatic stress disorder and rumination. The duration of the exercises varies between 2-12 weeks. In the context of increasing of evidence, this review presents recommendations for structured physical activity that can be applied in the post-disaster period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Natural disasters
• rumination
• post-traumatic stress disorder
• physical activity

Doğal Afetler Sonrası Stres Bozukluğuna Eşlik Eden Ruminasyonun Fizyolojik Etkileri ve Mücadelede Egzersiz Yaklaşımları: Geleneksel Derleme

Öz

Doğal afetlerin insanlar üzerinde oldukça önemli psikolojik ve fiziksel etkileri vardır, ancak milyonlarca insanı aynı anda etkileyebilen doğal afetler, herkeste aynı tepkilere yol açmamaktadır. Afetler sonrasında sıklıkla görülen ruminasyon ve travma sonrası stres bozukluğunun kortizol seviyesindeki artıştan bozulmuş endotel fonksiyona, inflamatuar belirteçlerin salınımından kan basıncı artışına kadar birçok fizyolojik etkisi mevcuttur. Ruminasyon ve travma sonrası stres bozukluğunun olumsuz etkilerinin önlenmesi konusunda fiziksel aktivitenin önemli bir rolü bulunmaktadır. Literatürde optimal sonuçlar için ne tür ya da dozda egzersizin gerekli olduğu konusunda belirlenmiş bir konsensus olmasa da, yapılandırılmış fiziksel aktivite ile elde edilen olumlu sonuçları korumak için sürekliliğin olması gerektiğini vurgulamaktadır. Aerobik egzersizler (bisiklet binmek, yürümek, yüzmek vb.), yoga, germe ve kuvvetlendirme egzersizleri travma sonrası stres bozukluğu ve ruminasyon etkilerinin azaltılması konusunda literatürde en sık kullanılan yapılandırılmış fiziksel aktiviteler arasında yer almaktadır. Uygulanan egzersizlerin süresi ise 2-12 hafta arasında değişmektedir. Artan kanıtlar çerçevesinde bu derleme ile afetler sonrası sürece yönelik uygulanabilecek yapılandırılmış fiziksel aktivite önerileri sunulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Doğal afetler
• ruminasyon
• post travmatik stres bozukluğu
• fiziksel aktivite

Kaynakça

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