Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome and Using Traditional and Complementary Medicine Therapies Among Nursing Students

Öz

Objective: To determine the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and using traditional and complementary medicine among nursing students. Material and Method: This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 187 nursing students in a university, Turkey. The data was collected using the Information form and the Premenstrual Syndrome Scale. Data was evaluated in SPSS (Windows 15.0) program. Results: The mean age of the students was 21.14±1.74 years, and the mean menarche age was 13.01±1.22 years. The mean menstruation cycle was 29.02±5.86 days, and the mean menstruation duration was 6.04±1.29 days. The prevalence of premenstrual syndrome was found 70.7%. There was a statistically significant relationship between Premenstrual Syndrome Scale mean score and mother education level (χ²=24.410; p=0.000), smoking (χ²=15.930; p=0.001), premenstrual syndrome symptoms in mother (χ²=13.579; p=0.001) and premenstrual syndrome symptoms in sister (χ²=11.591; p=0.009). The 97.9% of students used traditional and complementary medicine therapies. The most used mind-body practices was heat therapy (77%), the most used phytotherapy was chamomile (9.1%), and the most used dietary therapy was hot drinks (4.8%). Conclusion: It was determined that the majority of nursing students had premenstrual syndrome. Most of them were used traditional and complementary medicine therapies to cope with premenstrual syndrome symptoms. The most used traditional and complementary medicine therapies were mind-body practices. Besides, family history, education level of mother and smoking were affecting factors for premenstrual syndrome.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Traditional and complementary medicine
• menstrual cycle
• nursing student
• premenstrual syndrome

Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinde Premenstrual Sendrom Prevalansı ve Geleneksel ve Tamamlayıcı Tıp Yöntemleri Kullanımı

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı hemşirelik öğrencilerinde premenstrual sendrom prevalansı ve geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp yöntemleri kullanımını belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki bu araştırma, Türkiye'de bir üniversitede 187 hemşirelik öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirildi. Veriler, bilgi formu ve Premenstrual Sendrom Ölçeği kullanılarak elde edildi. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 21,14 ± 1,74 yıl ve ortalama menarş yaşı 13,01 ± 1,22 yıldı. Ortalama adet döngüsü 29,02 ± 5,86 gün ve ortalama adet süresi 6,04 ± 1,29 gün olarak bulundu. Premenstrual sendrom prevalansının %70,7 olduğu belirlendi. Premenstrual Sendrom Ölçeği ile anne eğitim düzeyi (χ² = 24,410; p = 0,000), sigara kullanımı (χ² = 15,930; p = 0,001), annede premenstrual sendrom semptomlarının varlığı (χ² = 13,579; p = 0,001) ve kız kardeşte premenstrual sendrom semptomlarının varlığı (χ² = 11,591; p = 0,009) arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu. Öğrencilerin %97,9'unun geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp yöntemlerini kullandığı belirlendi. Geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp yöntemlerinden en çok kullanılan zihin-beden tekniği ısı tedavisi (%77), en çok kullanılan fitoterapi yöntemi papatya (%9,1) ve en çok kullanılan diyet tedavisi ise sıcak içecekler (% 4,8) idi. Sonuç: Öğrencilerin çoğunluğunun premenstrual semptom varlığı gösterdiği belirlendi. Öğrencilerin büyük bir kısmının premenstrual sendrom semptomlarıyla başa çıkmak için geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp yöntemlerini kullandığı bulundu. En çok kullanılan geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp yöntemleri zihin-beden teknikleriydi. Ayrıca aile öyküsü, annenin eğitim düzeyi ve sigara kullanımı gibi faktörlerin premenstrual sendrom üzerine etkili olduğu görüldü.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Geleneksel ve tamamlayıcı tıp
• hemşirelik öğrencisi
• menstrual döngü
• premenstrual sendrom

Kaynakça

1. Güvenç G, Kılıç A, Akyüz A, Ustunsoz A. Premenstrual syndrome and attitudes toward menstruation in a sample of nursing students. J Psyc Obs Gyn. 2012;33(3): 106-11.
2. Lee Y, Im E. A path analysis of stress and premenstrual symptoms in Korean international and Korean domestic students. J Adv Nurs. 2016;72(12):3045-59.
3. Verkaik S, Kamperman AM, Westrhenen R, Schulte PFJ. The treatment of premenstrual syndrome with preparations of Vitex agnus castus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obs Gyne. 2017;217(2):150- 66.
4. Maleki-Saghooni N, Karimi FZ, Moghadam ZB, Najmabadi KM. The effectiveness and safety of Iranian herbal medicines for treatment of premenstrual syndrome: A systematic review. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2018;8(2):96-113.
5. Öksüz E, Güvenç G. Relationship of premenstrual and menstrual symptoms to alexithymia among nursing students. Perspective in Psych Care. 2018;54:391-7.
6. Heydari N, Abootalebi M, Jamalimoghadam N, Kasraeian M, Emamghoreishi M, Akbarzaded M. Evaluation of aromatherapy with essential oils of Rosa damascena for the management of premenstrual syndrome. FIGO. 2018;142:156-61.
7. Ghaffarilaleh G, Ghaffarilaleh V, Sanamno Z, Kamalifard M. Yoga positively affected depression and blood pressure in women with premenstrual syndrome in a randomized controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2019;34:87-92.
8. Shehadeh JH, Hamdan-Mansour AM. Prevalence and association of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder with academic performance among female university students. Perspective in Psyc Care. 2018;54:176-84.

9. Appleton SM. Premenstrual syndrome: Evidence-based evaluation and treatment. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2018;61(1):52-61.
10. Fisher C, Sibbrit D, Hickman L, Adams J. A critical review of complementary and alternative medicine use by women with cyclic perimenstrual pain and discomfort: a focus upon prevalence, patterns and applications of use and users’ motivations, information seeking and self-perceived efficacy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2016;95:861-71.
11. Suresh KP, Chandrashekara S. Sample size estimation and power analysis for clinical research studies. J Hum Reprod Sci. 2014;5(1):7-13.
12. Gençdoğan B. A New Scale for Premenstrual Syndrome. Anatolian J Psyc. 2006;8(2):81-7.
13. Marvan ML, Catillo-Lopez RL, Alcala-Herrera, V, del Callejo D. The decreasing age at menarche in Mexico. North American Society Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology. 2016;29:454-7.
14. Lundblad MW, Jacobsen BK. The reproducibility of self-reported age at menarche: The Tromsø Study. BMC Women's Health. 2017;17:62-9.
15. Chen H, Wang XT, Bo QG, Zhang DM, Qi ZB, Liu X, Cia CX. Menarche, menstrual problems and suicidal behavior in Chinese adolescents. J Affect Disord. 2017;209:53-8.
16. Secor-Turner M, Schmitz K, Benson K. adolescent experience of menstruation in rural Kenya. Nurs Res. 2016;65(4):301-5.
17. Sveinsdottir H. The role of menstruation in women’s objectification: a questionnaire study. J Adv Nurs. 2016;73(6):1390-402.
18. Sveinsdottir H. Menstruation, objectification and health-related quality of life: A questionnaire study. J Clin Nurs. 2018;27:503-13.
19. Temel S, Terzioğlu F, Işık Koç G. Premenstrual syndrome in university students: Its correlation with their attitudes toward gender roles. J Psych Obs Gyne. 2017;39(3):228-36.
20. Ho Chung S, Hee Kim T, Hyeog Lee H, Lee A. premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder in perimenopausal women. Journal of Menopausal Medicine 2014;20:69-74.
21. Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists. Management of Premenstrual Syndrome. BJOG. 2017;124:73-105.
22. Yonkers KA, Simoni MK. Premenstrual disorders. Am J Obs Gyne. 2018;68-74.
23. Choi JH. Effects of kinesio taping and hot packs on premenstrual syndrome in females. J Phys Ther Sci. 2017;29:1514-17.
24. Jo J, Lee SH. Heat therapy for primary dysmenorrhea: A systematic review and meta-analysis of its effects on pain relief and quality of life. Sci Rep. 2018;8:1-8.
25. Hasanpour M, Mohammadi MM, Shareinia H. Effects of reflexology on premenstrual syndrome: A systematic review and metaanalysis. BioPsyc Med. 2019;13:25-37.
26. Miraj S, Alesaeidi S. A systematic review study of therapeutic effects of Matricaria recuitta chamomile (chamomile). Electronic Physician. 2016;8(9):3024-31.
27. Açıkgöz A, Dayı A, Binbay T. Prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and its relationship to depressive symptoms in first-year university students. Saudi Med J. 2017;38(11):1125-31.
28. Shiferaw MT, Wubshet M, Tegabu D. Menstrual problems and associated factors among students of Bahir Dar University, Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional survey. Pan Afr Med J. 2014;17:246-55.
29. Erbil N, Karaca A, Kırış T. Investigation of premenstrual syndrome and contributing factors among university students. Turkish J Med Sci. 2010;40(4):565-73.
30. Farahmand M, Tehrani FR, Khalili D. Factors associated with the severity of premenstrual syndrome among Iranian college students. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2017;43(11):1726-31.
31. Costanian C, Akiki Z, Rabah Z, Daou S, Assaad S. Factors associated with premenstrual syndrome and its different symptom domains among university students in Lebanon. Int J Womens Health Wellness. 2018;4:68-78.
32. Pang RD, Andrabi N, Leventhal AM. Premenstrual symptoms and factors implicated in smoking cessation among woman smokers. Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2017;25(4):235-41.
33. Pang RD, Bello MS, Stone MD, Kirkpatrick MG, Huh J, Monterosso J, et al. Premenstrual symptoms and smoking-related expectancies. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology 2016;57:38-41.
34. Del Mar Ferna´ndez M, Montes-Martı´nez A, Piñeiro-Lamas M, Regueira-Me´ndez C, Takkouche B. Tobacco consumption and premenstrual syndrome: A case-control study. Plos One. 2019;14(6):1- 12.