Aile Sağlığı Merkezine Başvuran Gebelerin Bağışıklama Durumlarının Belirlenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Araştırmanın amacı, aile sağlığı merkezlerine başvuran gebelerin bağışıklama durumlarının belirlenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Karşılaştırmalı-tanımlayıcı desendeki araştırma, İzmir merkez ilçesinde yer alan 10 aile sağlığı merkezinde görüşülen 1021 gebe ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, görüşme formu ile toplanmıştır. Veriler sayı, yüzde, varyans ve ki-kare analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Gebelerin yaş ortalaması 27,96±4,89 olup %43,9’u lise mezunudur. Gebelik sayısı medyanı iki ve canlı doğum sayısı birdir. Gebelerin %82,2’si aşılanma ile ilgili bilgi almış olup, bunlardan %75,8’inin bilgi kaynağı sağlık çalışanlarıdır. Gebelerin %37,8’i aşı kartı olmadığını bildirmiştir. Gebelik döneminde gebelerin %63,2’si tetanoz, %10,3’ü hepatit B, %11,9’u grip, %3,4’ü pnömokok, %3,0’ü kuduz aşısı yaptırmıştır. Gebelerin eğitim, gelir düzeyi, çalışma durumu, son bir yılda aile sağlığı merkezine gelme durumu, planlı gebelik durumu ile aşılarla ilgili bilgi alma ve aşı kartı bulunma durumu arasında anlamlı fark olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,001). Eğitim ve gelir düzeyi yüksek, planlı gebeliği olan ve son bir yıl içinde aile sağlığı merkezine başvuran gebelerin aşıya ilişkin bilgileri artmaktadır (p<0,000). Sonuç: Araştırmaya katılan gebelerden yaklaşık beşte birinin aşı yaptırmamış olması ve gebelik dönemi bağışıklamayla ilgili bilgisinin olmaması ana çocuk sağlığı açısından göz ardı edilmemesi gereken bir durumdur. Birinci basamakta çalışan hemşireler tarafından bağışıklama konusunda planlı ve sürekli eğitimlerin yapılması hem anne hem bebek sağlığı açısından önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bağışıklama
• Gebelik
• Gebe
• Aile Sağlığı Merkezi

Determination of Immunization Status of Pregnant Women Who Attending The Family Health Center

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the immunization status of pregnant women who attend family health centers. Material and Method: Descriptive- comparative research design was carried out with 1027 pregnant women interviewed in 10 family health centers in the İzmir central district region. The data was collected with the interview form. Number, percentage, variance, and chi-square analysis were used to analyze the results. Results: The pregnant women’s average age was 27.96±4.89, 43.9% of the pregnant women were high school graduates. The median number of pregnancies was two, and the number of live births was one. Of the pregnant women, 82.2% received information about immunization, and 75.8% received information from healthcare workers. Of the pregnant women, 37.8% reported that they did not have an immunization card. During pregnancy, 63.2% of pregnant women were vaccinated against tetanus, 10.3% against hepatitis B, 11.9% against influenza, 3.4% against pneumococcus, and 3.0% against rabies. There was a significant difference in the pregnant women's education, the level of income, and the employment status, as well as the status of last years’ attendance at the family health center, the planning status of the pregnancy, and the status of obtaining information about vaccines and having a vaccination card (p<0.001). Those who have a high level of education and income, have been planned pregnancy, and have been applied at the family health center for the past year are increasing their knowledge (p<0.000). Conclusion: Approximately one fifth of the pregnant women in the sample were not vaccinated, and the lack of awareness about immunization during pregnancy is a situation that should not be overlooked in terms of maternal and child health. Planned and ongoing immunization training by nurses working in primary care is crucial for the health of both the mother and the infant.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Immunization
• pregnancy
• pregnant women
• family health center

Kaynakça

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