Araştırma Makalesi
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PHILLIPS CURVE ANALYSIS FOR FRAGILE FIVE COUNTRIES

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 12, 130 - 140, 30.06.2020

Mustafa Kırca , Şerif Canbay

https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.717391
Cited By: 12

Öz

This study aims to investigate the relationship between inflation and unemployment. For this purpose, Brazil, Indonesia, India, South Africa and Turkey, which are called fragile five, are examined. In the study, the variables between inflation and unemployment will be analysed with Kónya (2006) panel causality test with the help of the data of 1991-2019 period. According to the findings of the study, there is a negative causality from the unemployment rate to the inflation rate in India and a negative causality from the inflation rate to the unemployment rate in Turkey. There is no causality in other countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Inflation Unemployment Phıllıps Curve Fragile Five Kónya Panel Causality Tests

Kaynakça

  • Alisa, M. (2015). The Relationship between Inflation and Unemployment: A Theoretical Discussion about the Philips Curve. Journal of International Business and Economics, 3(2), 89-97.
  • Altay, B., Tuğcu, C. T. & Topçu, M. (2011). İşsizlik ve Enflasyon Oranları Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: G8 Ülkeleri Örneği. Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences/Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(2), 1-24.
  • Arabacı, O. & Eryiğit, K. Y. (2012). A Thresold Regression Estimation of Phillips Curve: Turkey Case. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 7(2), 29-47.
  • Baltagi, B. H., Feng, Q. & Kao, C. (2012). A Lagrange Multiplier Test for Cross-Sectional Dependence in a Fixed Effects Panel Data Model. Journal of Econometrics, 170(1), 164 - 177.
  • Ball, L. & Mankiw, N. G. (2002). The NAIRU in Theory and Practice. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16(4), 115-136.
  • Ball, L. M. (2009). Hysteresis in Unemployment: Old and New Evidence. National Bureau of Economic Research, No. w14818.
  • Bayrak, M. & Kanca, O. C. (2013). Türkiye’de Phillips Eğrisi Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 8(3), 97-116.
  • Berentsen, A., Menzio, G. & Wright, R. (2011). Inflation and Unemployment in the Long Run. American Economic Review, 101(1), 371-98.
  • Bhattarai, R. K. (2004). Unemployment-inflation Trade-offs in OECD Countries: Lessons from Panel data and Theories of Unemployment. Research Memorandum, 48, 1-33.
  • Breusch, T. S. & Pagan, A. R. (1980). The Lagrange Multiplier Test and its Applications to Model Specification in Econometrics. The Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), 239 – 253.
  • Clark, P. B. & Laxton, D. (1997). Phillips Curves, Phillips Lines and the Unemployment Costs of Overheating. IMF Research Department, WP/97/17.
  • Çatik, A. N., Martin, C. & Önder, A. Ö. (2011). Relative Price Variability and the Phillips Curve: Evidence from Turkey. Journal of Economic Studies. https://www.brunel.ac.uk/data/assets/pdf_file/0004/ 82174/0809.pdf (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Daly, M. C. & Hobijn, B. (2014). Downward Nominal Wage Rigidities Bend The Phillips Curve. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 51-93, http://www.frbsf.org/economic-research/publications/working-papers/ (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Eliasson, A. C. (2001). Is the Short-Run Phillips Curve Nonlinear? Empirical Evidence for Australia, Sweden and the United States. Sveriges Riksbank Working Paper Series, No. 124 https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/82422/1/wp_124.pdf (ET:01.03.2020)
  • Erdil-Şahin, B. (2019). Türkiye'de Enflasyon ve İşsizlik Arasındaki İlişkinin Vektör Hata Düzeltme Modeli ile Analizi. Mali Cözüm Dergisi, 29, 63-75.
  • Emsen, Ö. S., Kuşcu, S. & Sarsılmaz, F. (2003). Phillips Eğrisi Analizi ve Geçiş Ekonomilerinden Kırgızistan Üzerine Uygulama. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 81-99.
  • Espinosa-Vega, M. A. & Russell, S. (1997). History and Theory of the NAIRU: A Critical Review. Economic Review, 82(2), 4-26.
  • Ewing, B. T. & Seyfried, W. (2003). Modeling The Philips Curve: A Time-Varying Volatility Approach. Applied Econometrics and International Development, 3(2), 7-24.
  • Flaschel, P. & Krolzig, H. M. (2002). Wage and Price Phillips Curves. An Empirical Analysis of Destabilizing Wage-Price Spirals. Working paper: Oxford University.
  • Florea, O. T. (2014). Relationship between Inflation and Unemployment in Romania; Age Group 20 to 24 Years. SEA–Practical Application of Science, 2(3), 198-203.
  • Fountas, S., Lally, B. & Wu, J. L. (1999). The Relationship between Inflation and Wage Growth in The Irish Economy. Applied Economics Letters, 6(5), 317-321.
  • Friedman, M. (1977). Nobel Lecture: Inflation and Unemployment. Journal of Political Economy, 85(3), 451-472.
  • Furuoka, F. (2007). Does the “Phillips Curve” Really Exist? New Empirical Evidence from Malaysia. Economics Bulletin, 5(16), 1-14.
  • Gaiotti, E. (2008). Has Globalization Changed the Phillips Curve? Firm-Level Evidence on the Effect of Activity on Prices. Munich Personal RePEc Archive, http://mprea.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8389 (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Giorgioni, G. (2001). New Evidence on the Output-Inflation Trade-Off from Developing Economies: The Case of the CFA Franc Zone. Applied Economics, 33(8), 1077-1082.
  • Göçer, İ. (2016). Phillips Eğrisi Teorisi Türkiye’de Geçerli mi? Yapısal Kırılmalı Bir Ekonometrik Analiz. Aydın İktisat Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1), 50-62.
  • Hepsağ, A. (2009). Türkiye'de Enflasyon ile İşsizlik Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi: Sınır Testi Yaklaşımı. İstanbul Üniversitesi İÜ Mecmuası, 59(1), 169-190.
  • Herman, E. (2010). Inflatıon and Unemployment in The Romanian Economy. Annals of the University of Petrosani Economics, 10(2), 157-170.
  • Khan, H. & Zhu, Z. (2002). Estimates of the Sticky-Information Phillips Curve for The United States, Canada, and The United Kingdom. Bank of Canada, Working Paper 2002-19.
  • Kırca, M. (2020). An Analysis of Phillips Curve Relationship in Turkey by Using ARDL Bounds Tests and Time Varying Causality. Selected Issues on Current International Economics and Macroeconomics. Cambridge. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Kichian, M. (2001). On the Nature and the Stability of the Canadian Phillips Curve. Bank of Canada. https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/wp01-4.pdf (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Kitov, I. (2007). Inflation, Unemployment, Labor Force Change in European Countries. Business Fluctuations and Cycles, Munich Personal RePEc Archive. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14557/ (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Kónya, L. (2006). Exports and Growth: Granger Causality Analysis on OECD Countries with a Panel Data Approach. Economic Modelling, 23(6), 978-992.
  • Köse, Z. (2016). Türkiye Ekonomisinde 2003-2014 Döneminde Ekonomik Büyüme İşsizlik ve Enflasyon İlişkisi. Türk Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 58-76.
  • Kuştepeli, Y. (2005). A Comprehensive Short-Run Analysis of a (possible) Turkish Phillips Curve. Applied Economics, 37(5), 581-591.
  • Lipsey, R. G. (1960). The Relation between Unemployment and The Rate of Change of Money Wage Rates in the United Kingdom, 1862-1957: A Further Analysis. Economica, 27(105), 1-31.
  • Mangır, F. & Erdoğan, S. (2012). Türkiye’de Enflasyon ile İşsizlik Arasındaki İlişki (1990-2011). Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar Dergisi, 49(570), 77-98.
  • Mayes, D. & Viren, M. (2004). Pressures on the Stability and Growth Pact from Asymmetry in Policy. Journal of European Public Policy, 11(5), 781-797.
  • Mortensen, D. T. (1970). Job Search, the Duration of Unemployment, and the Phillips Curve. The American Economic Review, 60(5), 847-862.
  • Musso, A., Stracca, L. & van Dijk, D. J. (2007). Instability and Nonlinearity in The Euro Area Phillips Curve. European Central Bank Working Pape, No 811, https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/153245/1/ecbwp0811.pdf (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Muth, J. F. (1961). Rational Expectations and the Theory of Price Movements. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 29(3), 315-335.
  • Nwala, K. (2003). Is There Still an Unemployment and Inflation Trade-Off?. International Advances in Economic Research, 9(2), 168-169.
  • Önder, A. Ö. (2006). The Stability of the Turkish Phillips Curve and Alternative Regime Shifting Models. Ege University Working Papers in Economics, No: 06/02, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.886.8900&rep=rep1&type=pdf (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Öztürk, S. & Emek, M. L. (2016). 1997–2006 Yılları Nisan ve Ekim Ayları Verileriyle Türkiye İçin Phillips Eğrisi Analizi. Balkan Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(10), 64-74. Pallis, D. (2006). The Trade-Off between Inflation and Unemployment in the New European Union Member-States. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 1, 80-88.
  • Pesaran, M. H. (2004). General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels. Cambridge Working Papers in Economics.
  • Pesaran, M. H., Ullah, A. & Yamagata, T. (2008). A Bias-Adjusted LM Test of Error Cross-Section Independence. The Econometrics Journal, 11(1), 105–127.
  • Pesaran, M. H. & Yamagata, T. (2008). Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels. Journal of Econometrics, 142(1), 50–93.
  • Phillips, A. W. (1958). The Relation between Unemployment and the Rate of Change of Money Wage Rates in the United Kingdom, 1861–1957. Economica, 25(100), 283-299.
  • Samuelson, P. A. & Solow, R. M. (1960). Analytical Aspects of Anti-Inflation Policy. The American Economic Review, 50(2), 177-194.
  • Sanchez, D. A. (2006). A New Keynesian Phillips Curve for Japan. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, 6, 1-21.
  • Tabar, Ç. & Çetin, I. K. (2016). Türkiye Ekonomisi Özelinde Phillips Eğrisi Analizi. Journal of Life Economics, 3(4), 79-100.
  • Tajra, H. F. (1999). The Phillips Curve in Brazilian Economy after Real Plan. The George Washington University, The Minerva Program, 8-45. https://www2.gwu.edu/~ibi/minerva/Fall1999/Tajra.Haroldo.pdf (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Turner, P. & Benavides, G. (2001). The Demand for Money and Inflation in Mexico 1980–1999: Implications for Stability and Real Seigniorage Revenues. Applied Economics Letters, 8(12), 775-778.
  • Uysal, D. & Erdogan, S. (2003). Enflasyon ve İssizlik Oranı Arasındaki İlişki ve Türkiye Örneği (1980-2002). SÜ IIBF Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3(6), 35-48.
  • Valadkhani, A. (2003). The Causes of Unemployment in Iran: An Empirical Investigation, Faculty of Commerce– Papers, http://ro.uow.edu.au/commpapers/390 (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Vredin, A. & Warne, A. (2000). Unemployment and Inflation Regimes. Sveriges Riksbank Working Paper Series, No. 107. https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/82471/1/wp_107.pdf (ET:01.03.2020).

KIRILGAN BEŞLİ ÜLKELER İÇİN PHILLIPS EĞRİSİ ANALİZİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 12, 130 - 140, 30.06.2020

Mustafa Kırca , Şerif Canbay

https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.717391
Cited By: 12

Öz

Bu çalışmada enflasyon ile işsizlik arasındaki ilişkilerin araştırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Kırılgan Beşli ülkeler olarak adlandırılan Brezilya, Endonezya, Hindistan, Güney Afrika ve Türkiye’nin 1991-2019 dönemi verileri kullanılarak enflasyon oranı ile işsizlik oranı arasındaki ilişkiler, Kónya (2006) panel bootsrap nedensellik testi yardımıyla araştırılmaktadır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda Hindistan’da işsizlikten enflasyona doğru negatif nedensellik ilişkisi ve Türkiye’de enflasyondan işsizliğe doğru negatif nedensellik ilişkisi vardır. Diğer ülkelerde ise değişkenler arasında herhangi bir nedensellik ilişkisi yoktur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Enflasyon İşsizlik Phillips Eğrisi Kırılgan Beşli Kónya Panel Nedensellik Testi

Kaynakça

  • Alisa, M. (2015). The Relationship between Inflation and Unemployment: A Theoretical Discussion about the Philips Curve. Journal of International Business and Economics, 3(2), 89-97.
  • Altay, B., Tuğcu, C. T. & Topçu, M. (2011). İşsizlik ve Enflasyon Oranları Arasındaki Nedensellik İlişkisi: G8 Ülkeleri Örneği. Journal of Economics & Administrative Sciences/Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(2), 1-24.
  • Arabacı, O. & Eryiğit, K. Y. (2012). A Thresold Regression Estimation of Phillips Curve: Turkey Case. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İİBF Dergisi, 7(2), 29-47.
  • Baltagi, B. H., Feng, Q. & Kao, C. (2012). A Lagrange Multiplier Test for Cross-Sectional Dependence in a Fixed Effects Panel Data Model. Journal of Econometrics, 170(1), 164 - 177.
  • Ball, L. & Mankiw, N. G. (2002). The NAIRU in Theory and Practice. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 16(4), 115-136.
  • Ball, L. M. (2009). Hysteresis in Unemployment: Old and New Evidence. National Bureau of Economic Research, No. w14818.
  • Bayrak, M. & Kanca, O. C. (2013). Türkiye’de Phillips Eğrisi Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 8(3), 97-116.
  • Berentsen, A., Menzio, G. & Wright, R. (2011). Inflation and Unemployment in the Long Run. American Economic Review, 101(1), 371-98.
  • Bhattarai, R. K. (2004). Unemployment-inflation Trade-offs in OECD Countries: Lessons from Panel data and Theories of Unemployment. Research Memorandum, 48, 1-33.
  • Breusch, T. S. & Pagan, A. R. (1980). The Lagrange Multiplier Test and its Applications to Model Specification in Econometrics. The Review of Economic Studies, 47(1), 239 – 253.
  • Clark, P. B. & Laxton, D. (1997). Phillips Curves, Phillips Lines and the Unemployment Costs of Overheating. IMF Research Department, WP/97/17.
  • Çatik, A. N., Martin, C. & Önder, A. Ö. (2011). Relative Price Variability and the Phillips Curve: Evidence from Turkey. Journal of Economic Studies. https://www.brunel.ac.uk/data/assets/pdf_file/0004/ 82174/0809.pdf (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Daly, M. C. & Hobijn, B. (2014). Downward Nominal Wage Rigidities Bend The Phillips Curve. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 51-93, http://www.frbsf.org/economic-research/publications/working-papers/ (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Eliasson, A. C. (2001). Is the Short-Run Phillips Curve Nonlinear? Empirical Evidence for Australia, Sweden and the United States. Sveriges Riksbank Working Paper Series, No. 124 https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/82422/1/wp_124.pdf (ET:01.03.2020)
  • Erdil-Şahin, B. (2019). Türkiye'de Enflasyon ve İşsizlik Arasındaki İlişkinin Vektör Hata Düzeltme Modeli ile Analizi. Mali Cözüm Dergisi, 29, 63-75.
  • Emsen, Ö. S., Kuşcu, S. & Sarsılmaz, F. (2003). Phillips Eğrisi Analizi ve Geçiş Ekonomilerinden Kırgızistan Üzerine Uygulama. Gazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(2), 81-99.
  • Espinosa-Vega, M. A. & Russell, S. (1997). History and Theory of the NAIRU: A Critical Review. Economic Review, 82(2), 4-26.
  • Ewing, B. T. & Seyfried, W. (2003). Modeling The Philips Curve: A Time-Varying Volatility Approach. Applied Econometrics and International Development, 3(2), 7-24.
  • Flaschel, P. & Krolzig, H. M. (2002). Wage and Price Phillips Curves. An Empirical Analysis of Destabilizing Wage-Price Spirals. Working paper: Oxford University.
  • Florea, O. T. (2014). Relationship between Inflation and Unemployment in Romania; Age Group 20 to 24 Years. SEA–Practical Application of Science, 2(3), 198-203.
  • Fountas, S., Lally, B. & Wu, J. L. (1999). The Relationship between Inflation and Wage Growth in The Irish Economy. Applied Economics Letters, 6(5), 317-321.
  • Friedman, M. (1977). Nobel Lecture: Inflation and Unemployment. Journal of Political Economy, 85(3), 451-472.
  • Furuoka, F. (2007). Does the “Phillips Curve” Really Exist? New Empirical Evidence from Malaysia. Economics Bulletin, 5(16), 1-14.
  • Gaiotti, E. (2008). Has Globalization Changed the Phillips Curve? Firm-Level Evidence on the Effect of Activity on Prices. Munich Personal RePEc Archive, http://mprea.ub.uni-muenchen.de/8389 (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Giorgioni, G. (2001). New Evidence on the Output-Inflation Trade-Off from Developing Economies: The Case of the CFA Franc Zone. Applied Economics, 33(8), 1077-1082.
  • Göçer, İ. (2016). Phillips Eğrisi Teorisi Türkiye’de Geçerli mi? Yapısal Kırılmalı Bir Ekonometrik Analiz. Aydın İktisat Fakültesi Dergisi, 1(1), 50-62.
  • Hepsağ, A. (2009). Türkiye'de Enflasyon ile İşsizlik Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi: Sınır Testi Yaklaşımı. İstanbul Üniversitesi İÜ Mecmuası, 59(1), 169-190.
  • Herman, E. (2010). Inflatıon and Unemployment in The Romanian Economy. Annals of the University of Petrosani Economics, 10(2), 157-170.
  • Khan, H. & Zhu, Z. (2002). Estimates of the Sticky-Information Phillips Curve for The United States, Canada, and The United Kingdom. Bank of Canada, Working Paper 2002-19.
  • Kırca, M. (2020). An Analysis of Phillips Curve Relationship in Turkey by Using ARDL Bounds Tests and Time Varying Causality. Selected Issues on Current International Economics and Macroeconomics. Cambridge. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Kichian, M. (2001). On the Nature and the Stability of the Canadian Phillips Curve. Bank of Canada. https://www.bankofcanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/wp01-4.pdf (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Kitov, I. (2007). Inflation, Unemployment, Labor Force Change in European Countries. Business Fluctuations and Cycles, Munich Personal RePEc Archive. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/14557/ (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Kónya, L. (2006). Exports and Growth: Granger Causality Analysis on OECD Countries with a Panel Data Approach. Economic Modelling, 23(6), 978-992.
  • Köse, Z. (2016). Türkiye Ekonomisinde 2003-2014 Döneminde Ekonomik Büyüme İşsizlik ve Enflasyon İlişkisi. Türk Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 58-76.
  • Kuştepeli, Y. (2005). A Comprehensive Short-Run Analysis of a (possible) Turkish Phillips Curve. Applied Economics, 37(5), 581-591.
  • Lipsey, R. G. (1960). The Relation between Unemployment and The Rate of Change of Money Wage Rates in the United Kingdom, 1862-1957: A Further Analysis. Economica, 27(105), 1-31.
  • Mangır, F. & Erdoğan, S. (2012). Türkiye’de Enflasyon ile İşsizlik Arasındaki İlişki (1990-2011). Finans Politik & Ekonomik Yorumlar Dergisi, 49(570), 77-98.
  • Mayes, D. & Viren, M. (2004). Pressures on the Stability and Growth Pact from Asymmetry in Policy. Journal of European Public Policy, 11(5), 781-797.
  • Mortensen, D. T. (1970). Job Search, the Duration of Unemployment, and the Phillips Curve. The American Economic Review, 60(5), 847-862.
  • Musso, A., Stracca, L. & van Dijk, D. J. (2007). Instability and Nonlinearity in The Euro Area Phillips Curve. European Central Bank Working Pape, No 811, https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/153245/1/ecbwp0811.pdf (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Muth, J. F. (1961). Rational Expectations and the Theory of Price Movements. Econometrica: Journal of the Econometric Society, 29(3), 315-335.
  • Nwala, K. (2003). Is There Still an Unemployment and Inflation Trade-Off?. International Advances in Economic Research, 9(2), 168-169.
  • Önder, A. Ö. (2006). The Stability of the Turkish Phillips Curve and Alternative Regime Shifting Models. Ege University Working Papers in Economics, No: 06/02, http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.886.8900&rep=rep1&type=pdf (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Öztürk, S. & Emek, M. L. (2016). 1997–2006 Yılları Nisan ve Ekim Ayları Verileriyle Türkiye İçin Phillips Eğrisi Analizi. Balkan Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 5(10), 64-74. Pallis, D. (2006). The Trade-Off between Inflation and Unemployment in the New European Union Member-States. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 1, 80-88.
  • Pesaran, M. H. (2004). General Diagnostic Tests for Cross Section Dependence in Panels. Cambridge Working Papers in Economics.
  • Pesaran, M. H., Ullah, A. & Yamagata, T. (2008). A Bias-Adjusted LM Test of Error Cross-Section Independence. The Econometrics Journal, 11(1), 105–127.
  • Pesaran, M. H. & Yamagata, T. (2008). Testing Slope Homogeneity in Large Panels. Journal of Econometrics, 142(1), 50–93.
  • Phillips, A. W. (1958). The Relation between Unemployment and the Rate of Change of Money Wage Rates in the United Kingdom, 1861–1957. Economica, 25(100), 283-299.
  • Samuelson, P. A. & Solow, R. M. (1960). Analytical Aspects of Anti-Inflation Policy. The American Economic Review, 50(2), 177-194.
  • Sanchez, D. A. (2006). A New Keynesian Phillips Curve for Japan. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, 6, 1-21.
  • Tabar, Ç. & Çetin, I. K. (2016). Türkiye Ekonomisi Özelinde Phillips Eğrisi Analizi. Journal of Life Economics, 3(4), 79-100.
  • Tajra, H. F. (1999). The Phillips Curve in Brazilian Economy after Real Plan. The George Washington University, The Minerva Program, 8-45. https://www2.gwu.edu/~ibi/minerva/Fall1999/Tajra.Haroldo.pdf (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Turner, P. & Benavides, G. (2001). The Demand for Money and Inflation in Mexico 1980–1999: Implications for Stability and Real Seigniorage Revenues. Applied Economics Letters, 8(12), 775-778.
  • Uysal, D. & Erdogan, S. (2003). Enflasyon ve İssizlik Oranı Arasındaki İlişki ve Türkiye Örneği (1980-2002). SÜ IIBF Sosyal ve Ekonomik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3(6), 35-48.
  • Valadkhani, A. (2003). The Causes of Unemployment in Iran: An Empirical Investigation, Faculty of Commerce– Papers, http://ro.uow.edu.au/commpapers/390 (ET:01.03.2020).
  • Vredin, A. & Warne, A. (2000). Unemployment and Inflation Regimes. Sveriges Riksbank Working Paper Series, No. 107. https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/82471/1/wp_107.pdf (ET:01.03.2020).
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ekonomi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Mustafa Kırca 0000-0002-5630-7525

Şerif Canbay 0000-0001-6141-7510

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 9 Nisan 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 12

Kaynak Göster

APA Kırca, M., & Canbay, Ş. (2020). KIRILGAN BEŞLİ ÜLKELER İÇİN PHILLIPS EĞRİSİ ANALİZİ. İktisadi İdari Ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5(12), 130-140. https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.717391
AMA Kırca M, Canbay Ş. KIRILGAN BEŞLİ ÜLKELER İÇİN PHILLIPS EĞRİSİ ANALİZİ. İKTİSAD. Haziran 2020;5(12):130-140. doi:10.25204/iktisad.717391
Chicago Kırca, Mustafa, ve Şerif Canbay. “KIRILGAN BEŞLİ ÜLKELER İÇİN PHILLIPS EĞRİSİ ANALİZİ”. İktisadi İdari Ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi 5, sy. 12 (Haziran 2020): 130-40. https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.717391.
EndNote Kırca M, Canbay Ş (01 Haziran 2020) KIRILGAN BEŞLİ ÜLKELER İÇİN PHILLIPS EĞRİSİ ANALİZİ. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi 5 12 130–140.
IEEE M. Kırca ve Ş. Canbay, “KIRILGAN BEŞLİ ÜLKELER İÇİN PHILLIPS EĞRİSİ ANALİZİ”, İKTİSAD, c. 5, sy. 12, ss. 130–140, 2020, doi: 10.25204/iktisad.717391.
ISNAD Kırca, Mustafa - Canbay, Şerif. “KIRILGAN BEŞLİ ÜLKELER İÇİN PHILLIPS EĞRİSİ ANALİZİ”. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi 5/12 (Haziran 2020), 130-140. https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.717391.
JAMA Kırca M, Canbay Ş. KIRILGAN BEŞLİ ÜLKELER İÇİN PHILLIPS EĞRİSİ ANALİZİ. İKTİSAD. 2020;5:130–140.
MLA Kırca, Mustafa ve Şerif Canbay. “KIRILGAN BEŞLİ ÜLKELER İÇİN PHILLIPS EĞRİSİ ANALİZİ”. İktisadi İdari Ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi, c. 5, sy. 12, 2020, ss. 130-4, doi:10.25204/iktisad.717391.
Vancouver Kırca M, Canbay Ş. KIRILGAN BEŞLİ ÜLKELER İÇİN PHILLIPS EĞRİSİ ANALİZİ. İKTİSAD. 2020;5(12):130-4.

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