Ethical Norms in International Relations: A Larger Theoretical Mapping

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 20, 105 - 124, 27.02.2023

Mustafa Atatorun

https://doi.org/10.25204/iktisad.1192460

Öz

This study aims to map out the ways in which ethics (moral philosophy) and International Relations (IR) are converged around certain norms in the literature. Besides comprising communitarian and cosmopolitan norms and values in Normative IR Theory (Normative Theory) in which the two academic disciplines are congregated, this mapping tries to display that certain norms in some critical theories has tangible ethical meanings as well. Thus, it can be claimed that ethics in IR has in fact larger intellectual and theoretical dimensions. Accordingly, “community/state” which is one of the ethical norms and driving force of political acts and attitudes in Normative Theory put forward by communitarianism, and the other one which is “universal right” in cosmopolitanism are discussed at first. Then, the “class” norm of Marxism, the “race” norm of Postcolonialism, the “gender” norm of Feminism and the “environment” norm of Green Theory which are asserted as the determiners of policies and actions, are treated within the context of ethics. In conclusion, it is exhibited that international ethical studies cannot be bounded with Normative Theory.

Anahtar Kelimeler

International Ethics, Normative Theory, IR Theories, Ethical/Moral Norms

Uluslararası İlişkilerde Etik Normlar: Geniş Bir Kuramsal Haritalandırma

Öz

Bu çalışma, iki farklı akademik disiplin olan etik (ahlak felsefesi) ve Uluslararası İlişkilerin (Uİ) literatürde hangi normlar etrafında, nasıl bir araya getirildiğinin geniş bir haritasını vermeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu haritalandırma, iki disiplinin bir araya getirildiği kuram olan Normatif Uluslararası İlişkiler Teorisindeki (Normatif Teori) toplulukçu ve kozmopolitan norm ve değerleri içermenin yanında, bazı eleştirel kuramlar içindeki belirli normların da somut etik anlamlara sahip olduğunu göstermeye çalışmaktadır. Böylece, Uİ’de etiğin aslında daha geniş düşünsel ve kuramsal boyutlarının olduğu iddia edilmektedir. Bu doğrultuda, öncelikle Normatif Teoride siyasi eylem ve tavırları yönlendiren ahlaki normlardan toplulukçuluğun öne çıkardığı “topluluk/devlet” ve kozmopolitanizmdeki “evrensel hak” tartışılmıştır. Daha sonra, uluslararası alanda politika ve eylemleri belirlemesi gerektiğini savunan Marksizm’in “sınıf”, Postkolonyalizmin “ırk”, Feminizmin “cinsiyet” ve Yeşil Teorinin “çevre” normları ahlaki bağlamda ele alınmıştır. Sonuç olarak uluslararası etik çalışmaların Normatif Teoriyle sınırlı olamayacağı ortaya konulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uluslararası Etik, Normatif Teori, Uİ Teorileri, Etik/Ahlaki Normlar

Kaynakça

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