Kadına Yönelik Şiddetle Mücadelede Kurumsal Müdahalenin İhmal Edilen Boyutu: Şiddet Faillerine Yönelik Politika İhtiyacı

Öz

Kadına yönelik şiddetle mücadelede, mağdurun korunması ve desteklenmesi uzun yıllar ihmal edilen konu başlıkları arasında yer alır. Pek çok politika metni ve raporda öncelikli politika alanı olarak öne çıkmış ve önemi vurgulanmış bir konu olmasına karşın şiddet failine yönelik müdahalelerin görece sınırlı kaldığını tespit etmek mümkündür. Bu çalışma, Türkiye’de şiddet faillerine yönelik hizmetlerin mevcut durumunu, kurumsal işleyişini ve yapısal sınırlılıklarını “fail odaklı” politika ihtiyacı çerçevesinde incelemektedir. Çalışma, TÜBİTAK destekli kapsamlı bir projenin 2015-2017 yılları arasında toplanan nitel verilerinin analizine dayanmaktadır. Ele alınan konunun çok boyutlu ve çok aktörlü yapısını dikkate alacak şekilde Emniyet, Aile Mahkemeleri, ŞÖNİM ve sağlık kurumlarında görev yapan uzmanlarla gerçekleştirilen derinlemesine görüşmelerin tematik analizi yoluyla değerlendirildiği ampirik veriler ayrıntılı biçimde tartışılıp yorumlanmıştır. Bulgular, Türkiye’de fail odaklı müdahalelerin önündeki temel sorunların yasal düzenlemeler ile uygulama arasındaki boşluk, yapılandırılmış fail müdahale programlarının yokluğu ve şiddetin çok boyutlu doğası karşısında müdahale kapasitesinin yetersizliği etrafında toplandığını göstermektedir. Diğer yandan 2026-2030 Kadına Yönelik Şiddetle Mücadele V. Ulusal Eylem Planı ile yapılan politika üçgenlemesi, veri toplama döneminde belirlenen sorunların güncelliğini koruduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Sonuç olarak çalışma, Türkiye’de kadına yönelik şiddetle mücadelede mağdur odaklı hizmetlerin yanında fail odaklı, standartlaştırılmış, çok disiplinli ve risk-ihtiyaç temelli müdahale modellerinin geliştirilmesinin artık ertelenemez bir politika gerekliliği olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Şiddet Faili
• Fail Odaklı Programlar
• Şiddet Döngüsü
• Kurumsal Müdahale Kapasitesi
• Uygulama Boşluğu.

The Neglected Dimension of Institutional Response in Combating Violence Against Women: The Need for Perpetrator-Oriented Policies

Öz

Despite its longstanding recognition as a policy priority, violence against women remains a persistent and complex social problem. While victim protection and support have increasingly been emphasized in policy frameworks, interventions targeting perpetrators have remained relatively limited. This study examines the current state, institutional functioning, and structural limitations of perpetrator-focused interventions in Türkiye, situating the analysis within the broader need for a perpetrator-oriented policy framework. The study is based on the analysis of qualitative data collected between 2015 and 2017 as part of a comprehensive project funded by TÜBİTAK. Empirical data derived from in-depth interviews with professionals working in law enforcement, family courts, social services (ŞÖNİM), and healthcare institutions were analyzed using thematic analysis, enabling a multi-actor and multi-level examination of institutional practices. Findings reveal three key structural challenges: (1) a persistent gap between legal regulations and their implementation, (2) the absence of structured and standardized perpetrator intervention programs, and (3) insufficient institutional capacity to address the multidimensional nature of violence. Policy triangulation with the 2026-2030 National Action Plan on Combating Violence Against Women further demonstrates that these challenges remain current and structurally embedded. The study concludes that sustainable prevention of violence requires a paradigm shift toward integrated, standardized, and risk-need-responsivity-based perpetrator intervention models. Strengthening perpetrator-focused policies is not an alternative but a necessary complement to victim-centered approaches.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Perpetrator of Violence
• Perpetrator-Focused Programs
• Cycle of Violence
• Institutional Intervention Capacity
• Implementation Gap.

Kaynakça

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