Öz
In Iran, despite the emergence of national and
international commercial forces in the second half of the nineteenth century,
they were not able to play their historical role in the sense that they
couldn't transform the agricultural society into an industrial capitalism due
to both external and internal obstacles. In the second half of the nineteenth
century, after all-encompassing influence of the west (Russia and the United
Kingdom) in Iran that put Iran a semi-colonial condition, there appeared new
areas for growth and comprehensive development. Within this historical context,
the new commercial forces of Iran emerged. Iranian businessmen following their
western counterparts ignored the local trade and turned to business in national
and international spheres. Nevertheless, this socio-economic force couldn't
play its historical role. In other words, it couldn't transform Iran into a new
socially, economically and politically developed country. So, due to domestic
despotism and foreign colonialism, Iran couldn’t move towards capitalism and
democracy.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Dependent urban system Merchant forces Despotism Colonialism
Kaynakça
- SOURCES -Helfgott, L. M., "Tribalism as a Socioeconomic Formation in Iranian History" Iranian Studies, Vol. X. 1977 (Nos 1-2, Winter-spring 1977). -Issawi, C., (1991), the Economic History of Iran, 1800-1914, University of Chicago Press, Chicago. -Kuznetsova, N.A., "Urban Industry in Persia during the 18th. And early 19th. Centuries" in Central Asiatic Review, VoL. XI, No.3. 1963, pp. 308-21. -Loeffler, Reinhold; "Tribal order and the State: The Political Organization of Boir Ahmad",Iranian Studies, Vol. XI (1978) -Picot, H., "Biographical Notices of Members of the Royal Family, Noables, Merchants, and Clergy" F.O. 881/7028, 1897(London: Foreign Office, December) -Reid, J., "The Qajar Uymaq in the Safavid Period, 1500-1722",Iran studies,Vol. XI, 1978. -Smith Jr. John M., "Turanian Nomadism and Iranian Politics",Iranian Studies. Vol. XI, 1978. PERSIAN SOURCES Ashraf, A., (1980), Mavanee Roşde Sermayedari der İran, (1. Baskı), Zemine, Tahran. Ashraf, A., “VijegihayeTarikhiyeŞehrneşini Der İran: Doreye Kacar”, Nameye Ulume Ejtemaeei, Yaz 1975, (4). Etemad-ol Saltaneh, M. H.,(1969). Habnameh, Tehuri, Tahran. Etemad-ol Saltaneh, M. H., (1966).Hatirate Etemad- olSataneh, Mokademe ve Feharesaz İrac Avşar, Amir Kebir, Tahran. Etemad-ol Saltaneh, M. H., (1927). El- Moser ve-l Asar, (3. Baskı), Cape Sangi, Tahran. Seyyah, H.S., (1967), HatirateHacSeyyah, be Koşeşe Hamid Seyyah, Bi Na (YayınEviBelirsiz), Tahran. Shamim, A.A., (1934), İran der DoreyeSaltaneteKacar, Elmi, Tahran. Fesaeei, H.T., (1934), FarsnameyeNaseri, (2. Cilit), Bi Na,Eşraki, Tahran.
Öz
In Iran, despite the emergence of national and
international commercial forces in the second half of the nineteenth century,
they were not able to play their historical role in the sense that they
couldn't transform the agricultural society into an industrial capitalism due
to both external and internal obstacles. In the second half of the nineteenth
century, after all-encompassing influence of the west (Russia and the United
Kingdom) in Iran that put Iran a semi-colonial condition, there appeared new
areas for growth and comprehensive development. Within this historical context,
the new commercial forces of Iran emerged. Iranian businessmen following their
western counterparts ignored the local trade and turned to business in national
and international spheres. Nevertheless, this socio-economic force couldn't
play its historical role. In other words, it couldn't transform Iran into a new
socially, economically and politically developed country. So, due to domestic
despotism and foreign colonialism, Iran couldn’t move towards capitalism and
democracy.
Anahtar Kelimeler
: Dependent urban system Merchant forces Despotism Colonialism
Kaynakça
- SOURCES -Helfgott, L. M., "Tribalism as a Socioeconomic Formation in Iranian History" Iranian Studies, Vol. X. 1977 (Nos 1-2, Winter-spring 1977). -Issawi, C., (1991), the Economic History of Iran, 1800-1914, University of Chicago Press, Chicago. -Kuznetsova, N.A., "Urban Industry in Persia during the 18th. And early 19th. Centuries" in Central Asiatic Review, VoL. XI, No.3. 1963, pp. 308-21. -Loeffler, Reinhold; "Tribal order and the State: The Political Organization of Boir Ahmad",Iranian Studies, Vol. XI (1978) -Picot, H., "Biographical Notices of Members of the Royal Family, Noables, Merchants, and Clergy" F.O. 881/7028, 1897(London: Foreign Office, December) -Reid, J., "The Qajar Uymaq in the Safavid Period, 1500-1722",Iran studies,Vol. XI, 1978. -Smith Jr. John M., "Turanian Nomadism and Iranian Politics",Iranian Studies. Vol. XI, 1978. PERSIAN SOURCES Ashraf, A., (1980), Mavanee Roşde Sermayedari der İran, (1. Baskı), Zemine, Tahran. Ashraf, A., “VijegihayeTarikhiyeŞehrneşini Der İran: Doreye Kacar”, Nameye Ulume Ejtemaeei, Yaz 1975, (4). Etemad-ol Saltaneh, M. H.,(1969). Habnameh, Tehuri, Tahran. Etemad-ol Saltaneh, M. H., (1966).Hatirate Etemad- olSataneh, Mokademe ve Feharesaz İrac Avşar, Amir Kebir, Tahran. Etemad-ol Saltaneh, M. H., (1927). El- Moser ve-l Asar, (3. Baskı), Cape Sangi, Tahran. Seyyah, H.S., (1967), HatirateHacSeyyah, be Koşeşe Hamid Seyyah, Bi Na (YayınEviBelirsiz), Tahran. Shamim, A.A., (1934), İran der DoreyeSaltaneteKacar, Elmi, Tahran. Fesaeei, H.T., (1934), FarsnameyeNaseri, (2. Cilit), Bi Na,Eşraki, Tahran.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Haziran 2017 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 30 Mayıs 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1 |
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