COMPARISON OF DENTAL ANXIETY AND FEAR AMONG VOCATIONAL SCHOOL STUDENTS AND EVALUATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORAL HEALTH HABITS AND THE TYPE OF EDUCATION

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3, 796 - 807, 29.11.2021

Kübra Değirmenci Elif Ulku Demir Nagehan Oztopuz Omer Zencırlı

https://doi.org/10.33715/inonusaglik.846720

Öz

This cross-sectional study evaluated the dental anxiety and fear (DFA) levels, and also the influence of basic medical health knowledge on oral health attitudes in the students of the medical and paramedical vocational schools. 291 students were included the study. Modified Dental Anxiety Scale’s (MDAS) and Dental Fear Scale’s (DFS) questions were used to define degree of anxiety and fear. The students' answers were evaluated considering the assigned cut points for MDAS (no fear: 5-11, low fear: 12-18, high fear: 19-25), for DFS (pointslow: 0-40, moderate: 41-60, high: 61-80, extreme high: 81+). Mann-Whitney U Tests were used to compare two school groups. Chi-square test was used to analyze categorical variables (α:0.05). Gender and the school program have been determined to have an important impact on DFA levels of the students (p<0.05). The scores of students in the vocational medical school were significantly lower than the scores of the paramedical vocational school students (p<0.05). The index scores for female students were significantly higher than the scores defined for male students (p<0.05). The type of school program influenced dental anxiety. The study points out that being familiar with health terms may be effective to manage DFA.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dental anxiety, Dentistry, Education Program, Fear, Modified Dental Anxiety Scale

Meslek Yüksekokulu Öğrencilerinde Dental Anksiyete ve Korkunun Karşılaştırılması ve Ağız Sağlığı Alışkanlıkları ile Eğitim Türü Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu kesitsel çalışma, sağlık ve paramedikal meslek yüksekokulları öğrencilerinin dental anksiyete ve korku (DFA) düzeylerini ve ayrıca temel sağlık bilgisinin ağız sağlığı tutumları üzerindeki etkisini değerlendirmiştir. 291 öğrenci çalışmaya dâhil edildi. Anksiyete ve korkunun derecesini tanımlamak için Modifiye Dental Anksiyete Skalası (MDAS) ve Dental Korku Skalası (DFS) soruları kullanıldı. Öğrencilerin cevapları, MDAS için belirlenen aralıklar (korku yok: 5‐11, düşük korku: 12‐18, yüksek korku: 19‐25) ve DFS için belirlenen aralıklar (düşük puan: 0-40, orta: 41-60, yüksek: 61-80, çok yüksek: 81+) dikkate alınarak değerlendirildi. İki okul grubunun skorlarını karşılaştırmak için Mann-Whitney U Testleri kullanıldı. Kategorik değişkenler Ki-kare testi ile değerlendirildi (α: 0.05). Cinsiyet ve okul türünün DFA düzeyleri üzerinde önemli etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edildi (p<0.05). Sağlık meslek okulundaki öğrencilerin puanları, paramedikal meslek okulundaki öğrencilerin puanlarından anlamlı derecede daha düşüktü (p<0.05). Kız öğrencilerin indeks puanları, erkek öğrenciler için tanımlanan puanlardan anlamlı düzeyde yüksekti (p<0.05). Okul programının türü dental anksiyeteyi etkiledi. Çalışma, sağlık terimlerine aşina olmanın DFA'yı yönetmede etkili olabildiğine dikkat çekmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dental Anksiyete, Diş Hekimliği, Eğitim Programı, Korku, Modifiye Dental Anksiyete Skalası

Kaynakça

• Acharya, S., Sangam, D. K. (2010). Dental anxiety and its relationship with self-perceived health locus of control among Indian dental students. Oral Health & Preventive Dentistry, 8(1), 9-14.
• Alamri, S. A., Alshammari, S. A., Baseer, M. A., Assery, M. K., Ingle, N. A. (2019). Validation of Arabic version of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) and Kleinknecht's Dental Fear Survey Scale (DFS) and combined self-modified version of this two scales as Dental Fear Anxiety Scale (DFAS) among 12 to 15 year Saudi school students in Riyadh city. Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community Dentistry, 9(6), 553-558.
• Al-Omari, W. M., Al-Omiri, M. K. (2009). Dental anxiety among university students and its correlation with their field of study. Journal of Applied Oral Science, 17(3), 199-203.
• Armfield, J. M. (2013). What goes around comes around: revisiting the hypothesized vicious cycle of dental fear and avoidance. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 41(3), 279-287.
• Armfield, J. M., Ketting, M. (2015). Predictors of dental avoidance among Australian adults with different levels of dental anxiety. Health Psychology, 34(9), 929-940.
• Basudan, S., Binanzan, N., Alhassan, A. (2017). Depression, anxiety and stress in dental students. International Journal of Medical Education, 8, 179-186.
• Beaton, L., Freeman, R., Humphris, G. (2014). Why are people afraid of the dentist? Observations and explanations. Medical Principles and Practice, 23(4), 295-301.
• Blumer, S., Ram, D., Costa, L., Peretz, B. (2018). Dental anxiety among Israeli postgraduate pediatric dental students and their instructors. Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry, 42(2), 114-118.
• Carrillo-Diaz, M., Crego, A., Armfield, J. M., Romero-Maroto, M. (2012). Assessing the relative efficacy of cognitive and non-cognitive factors as predictors of dental anxiety. European Journal of Oral Sciences, 120(1), 82-88.
• Cohen, S. M., Fiske, J., Newton, J. T. (2000). The impact of dental anxiety on daily living. British Dental Journal, 189(7), 385-390.
• Drachev, S. N., Brenn, T., Trovik, T. A. (2018). Prevalence of and factors associated with dental anxiety among medical and dental students of the Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, North-West Russia. International Journal of Circumpolar Health, 77(1), 1-10.
• Deep, A., Singh, M., Sharma, R., Singh, M., Mattoo, K. A. (2020). Perceived oral health status and treatment needs of dental students. National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery, 11(1), 76.
• Erten, H., Akarslan, Z. Z., Bodrumlu, E. (2006). Dental fear and anxiety levels of patients attending a dental clinic. Quintessence International, 37(4), 304-310.
• Firat, D., Tunc, E. P., Sar, V. (2006). Dental anxiety among adults in Turkey. The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice, 7(3), 75-82.
• Gunjal, S., Pateel, D. G. S., Parkar, S. (2017). Dental anxiety among medical and paramedical undergraduate students of Malaysia. International Journal of Dentistry, 2017(1), 1-5.
• Heidari, E., Andiappan, M., Banerjee, A., Newton, J. T. (2017). The oral health of individuals with dental phobia: a multivariate analysis of the Adult Dental Health Survey, 2009. British Dental Journal, 222(8), 595-604.
• Humphris, G. M., Freeman, R., Campbell, J., Tuutti, H., D'souza, V. (2000). Further evidence for the reliability and validity of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale. International Dental Journal, 50(6), 367-370.
• Jaakkola, S., Rautava, P., Alanen, P., Aromaa, M., Pienihäkkinen, K., Räihä, H., ... Sillanpää, M. (2009). Dental fear: one single clinical question for measurement. The Open Dentistry Journal, 3, 161-166.
• Kaczmarek, U., Mysiak-Dębska, M., Dębska, K., Grzebieluch, W. (2010). Dental anxiety in students of the first years of the study of dentistry and medicine faculties. Dental and Medical Problems, 47(3), 343-349.
• Khalifa, N., Allen, P. F., Abu-bakr, N. H., Abdel-Rahman, M. E., Abdelghafar, K. O. (2012). A survey of oral health in a Sudanese population. BMC Oral Health, 12(1), 5,1-9.
• Kheir, O. O., Ziada, H. M., Abubakr, N. H., Abdel-Rahman, M. E., Fadl, S. M., Ibrahim, Y. E. (2019). Patient– dentist relationship and dental anxiety among young Sudanese adult patients. International Dental Journal, 69(1), 35-43.
• Kim, K. Y., An, S. Y. (2019). Investigation of the impact of dental fear on child oral health impact profile scores. Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 19(5), 271-276.
• Klingberg, G.,Broberg, A. G. (2007). Dental fear/anxiety and dental behaviour management problems in children and adolescents: a review of prevalence and concomitant psychological factors. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 17(6), 391-406.
• Locker, D., Thomson, W. M., Poulton, R. (2001). Psychological disorder, conditioning experiences, and the onset of dental anxiety in early adulthood. Journal of Dental Research, 80(6), 1588-1592.
• Mărginean, I., Filimon, L. (2012). Modified dental anxiety scale: a validation study on communities from the west part of romania. International Journal of Education & Psychology in the Community, 2(1), 102-114.
• McGrath, C.,Bedi, R. (2004). The association between dental anxiety and oral health-related quality of life in Britain. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 32(1), 67-72.
• Menziletoğlu, D., Akbulut, M. B., Büyükerkmen, E. B., Işik, B. K. (2018). Diş hekimliği fakültesi öğrencilerinin dental anksiyete-korku düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesi. Selcuk Dental Journal, 5(1), 22-30.
• Peker, I., Alkurt, M. T., Usta, M. G., Turkbay, T. (2009). The evaluation of perceived sources of stress and stress levels among Turkish dental students. International Dental Journal, 59(2), 103-111.
• Peretz, B., Efrat, J. (2000). Dental anxiety among young adolescent patients in Israel. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 10(2), 126-132.
• Perusini, J. N., Fanselow, M. S. (2015). Neurobehavioral perspectives on the distinction between fear and anxiety. Learning & Memory, 22(9), 417-425.
• Silveira, E. R., Cademartori, M. G., Schuch, H. S., Corrêa, M. B., Ardenghi, T. M., Armfield, J., Demarco, F. F. (2020). The vicious cycle of dental fear at age 31 in a birth cohort in Southern Brazil. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 1-8, https://doi.org/10.1111/cdoe.12609.
• Sghaireen, M. G., Zwiri, A., Alzoubi, I. A., Qodceih, S. M., Al-Omiri, M. K. (2013). Anxiety due to dental treatment and procedures among university students and its correlation with their gender and field of study. International Journal of Dentistry,1-5,http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/647436.
• Tunc, E. P., Firat, D., Onur, O. D., Sar, V. (2005). Reliability and validity of the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) in a Turkish population. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 33(5), 357-362.