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The Post-Pandemic "New Normal" in the Labor Market; Hybrid Work and Work-Life Balance

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 35, 11 - 27, 01.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.29224/insanveinsan.1189607

Öz

The Covid-19 pandemic has led to a series of flexibility-based changes in labor markets. Indeed, at a time of rapid digitalization of working life, when the replacement of traditional on-site work with fully remote or hybrid working models is being discussed, the pandemic has facilitated and accelerated this transition for some business sectors. However, like any rapid transformation, this transition has also brought some problems. Foremost among these is the need to reconstruct the work-life balance. While the work-life balance has not been fully achieved even in the traditional working order, it has become even more difficult to achieve this balance in the hybrid or fully remote working order, where the physical and temporal boundaries of work life and non-work life are even more blurred. Moreover, while it is certain that the pandemic will definitely end one day, it is unlikely that the "new normal" working pattern, which became widespread rapidly during the pandemic, will return to the pre-pandemic period. This paper argues that hybrid and remote working will become more popular for digital-based jobs in the post-pandemic era, but it will not be a "one-size-fits-all" solution.

Kaynakça

  • Acemoglu, Daron ve Pascual Restrepo. Robots and Jobs: Evidence From US Labor Markets. Cambridge: NBER Working Paper Series No. 23285, 2017.
  • Acemoglu, Daron. Unknowns, Challenges and Opportunities in the Time of Covid-19. MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020.
  • Alhas, Ali Murat. ''More “Family Time” Amid Coronavirus Isolation at Home''. Anadolu Agency. 2020. Erişim 10 Ekim 2022. https://www.aa.com.tr/en/lateston-coronavirus-outbreak/morefamily-time-amid-coronavirusisolation-at-home/1812529.
  • Ambrose, Jillian. ''BP to Tell 25,000 Office Staff to Work From Home Two Days A Week''. The Guardian. 2021. Erişim 2 Ekim 2022. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/mar/08/bp-to-tell-25000-office-staff-to-work-from-home-two-days-a-week.
  • BBC News. ''Microsoft Makes Remote Work Option Permanent''. BBC. 9 Ekim 2020. Erişim 29 Eylül 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/business–54482245.
  • BBC News. ''Nationwide Tells 13,000 Staff to ‘Work Anywhere’''. BBC. 25 Mart 2021. Erişim 28 Ekim 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/business–56510574.
  • Birleşmiş Milletler. ''Women Leaders’ Virtual Roundtable on COVID-19 and the Future: Issues Call to Put Women and Girls at the Centre of Response Efforts''. 2020. Erişim 22 Eylül 2022. https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2020/4/press-releasewomen-leadersvirtual-roundtable-on-covid-19.
  • Brynjolfsson, Erik ve Andrew McAfee. The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. New York: WW Norton & Company, 2014.
  • Carnevale, Joel. B. ve Isabella Hatak. ''Employee Adjustment and Well-Being in the Era of COVID-19: Implications for Human Resource Management''. Journal of Business Research, 116 (2020): 183-187.
  • Causa, Orsetta, Michael Abendschein, Nhung Luu, Emilia Soldani ve Chiara Soriolo. The Post-COVID-19 Rise in Labour Shortages. OECD Economics Department Working Papers No. 1721, 2022.
  • Dauth, Wolfgang, Sebastian Findeisen, Jens Südekum ve Nicole Wößner. German Robots- the Impact of Industrial Robots on Workers. Nuremberg: IAB-Discussion Paper No. 30, 2017.
  • Del Boca, Daniela, Noemi Oggero, Paola Profeta ve Mariacristina Rossi. ''Women’s and Men’s Work, Housework and Childcare, Before and During COVID-19''. Review of Economics of the Household, 18 (2020): 1001-1017.
  • Dingel, Jonathan I. ve Brent Neiman. ''How Many Jobs Can Be Done at Home?''. Journal of Public Economics, 189 (2020).
  • Eichhorst, Werner, Paul Marx, Ulf Rinne, ve Johannes Brunner. Policy Sequences during and after COVID-19: A Review of Labour Market Policy Patterns. Bonn, Germany: IZA Policy Paper No. 186, 2022.
  • Fleurbaey, Marc. We are All in this Together? More than You Think. New York (NY): United Nations, 2020.
  • Forman, Chris, ve Nicolas van Zeebroeck. ''Digital Technology Adoption and Knowledge Flows within Firms: Can the Internet Overcome Geographic and Technological Distance?''. Research Policy, 48/8 (2019).
  • Gadhi, Sridhar. "How Digital Infrastructure Can Help Us through the COVID-19 Crisis". World Economic Forum, 2020. Erişim 15 Ekim 2022. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/digital-infrastructure-public-health-crisis-covid-19/
  • Gomez-Salvador, Ramon, ve Michel Soudan. The US Labour Market After the COVID-19 Recession. European Central Bank (ECB), 2022.
  • Hamel, Liz ve Alina Salganicoff. ''Is There a Widening Gender Gap in Coronavirus Stress?''. Kaiser Family Foundation, 2020. Erişim 15 Eylül 2022. https://www.kff.org/policy-watch/is-there-widening-gender-gap-in-coronavirus-stress/.
  • Hartmans, Avery. ''Google Just Delayed Its Office Reopening until September 2021. Here’s How Other Major Silicon Valley Companies are Thinking about the Future of Work". 15 Aralık 2020. Erişim 15 Eylül 2022. https://www.businessinsider.com/siliconvalley-future-of-work-port-coronavirus-apple-amazon-facebook-2020-10?r=US&IR=T.
  • ILO. ''Trade Unions in Transition: What will be their Role in the Future of Work?''. ILO, InfoStories, 2021. Erişim 10 Ekim 2022. https://www.ilo.org/infostories/en-GB/Stories/Labour-Relations/trade-unions#introduction.
  • Kirchmeyer, Catherine. ''Work-Life Initiatives: Greed or Benevolence Regarding Workers’ Time? In Trends in Organizational Behavior''. Time in Organizational Behavior. New York, NY, US : John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2000.
  • Lewis, Helen. ''The Coronavirus is a Disaster for Feminism: Pandemics Affect Men and Women Differently''. The Atlantic. 19 Mart 2020, erişim 28 Ekim 2022, https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2020/03/feminism-womens-rights-coronavirus-covid19/608302/.
  • Lund, Susan, Anu Madgavkar, James Manyika, Sven Smit, Kweilin Ellingrud ve Olivia Robinson. The Future of Work after COVID-19. McKinsey Global Institute, 2021.
  • Mazzuccato, Mariana. ''The Covid-19 Crisis is a Chance to Do Capitalism Differently''. The Guardian, 18 (2020).
  • Melhem, Samia, Maryam Lawal, ve Sajitha Bashir. ''Enhancing Digital Capabilities in A Post-COVID-19 World''. World Bank, 12 Haziran 2020. Erişim 11 Ekim 2022. https://blogs.worldbank.org/digital-development/enhancing-digital-capabilities-postcovid-19-world.
  • Murdoch, Donna, ve Rachel Fichter. ''From Doing Digital to Being Digital: Exploring Workplace Adoption of Technology in the Age of Digital Disruption''. International Journal of Adult Vocational Education and Technology (IJAVET), 8/4 (2017): 13–28.
  • Nizam, Ismail, ve Chrystinne Kam. ''The Determinants of Work-Life Balance in the Event Industry of Malaysia. International Journal of Management''. Accounting and Economics, 5/3 (2018): 141–168.
  • OECD. COVID-19: Protecting People and Societies, Tackling Coronavirus (Covid19) – Contributing to a Global Effort. Paris: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2020.
  • Omay, Umut. ''Covid-19 Salgını Sonrası Çalışma Hayatı: Güncel Sorunlar, Öngörüler ve Öneriler''. Covid-19 Pandemisinin Ekonomik, Toplumsal ve Siyasal Etkileri. Haz., Dilek Demirbaş, Veysel Bozkurt ve Sayım Yorgun. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınevi, 2020: 153-170.
  • Parkes, Louise P. ve Peter H. Langford. ''Work-Life Balance or Work-Life Alignment? A Test of the Importance of Work-Life Balance for Employee Engagement and Intention to Stay in Organizations''. Journal of Management and Organization, 14/3 (2008): 267–284.
  • Pozzan, Emanuela ve Umberto Cattane. "Women Health Workers: Working Relentlessly in Hospitals and at Home". International Labour Organisation, 2020. Erişim 15 Ekim 2022. https://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/newsroom/news/WCMS_741060/lang--en/index.htm
  • Qian, Yue ve Sylvia Fuller. ''COVID-19 and the Gender Employment Gap Among Parents of Young Children''. Canadian Public Policy, 46/2 (2020): 89–101.
  • Rafferty, Kolja A. "How A Post-Covid 19 Workplace Scenario Looks Like". 23 Haziran 2020. Erişim 8 Ekim 2022. https://blogs.insead.edu/idpn-globalclub/how-a-post-covid-19-workplace-scenario-looks-like/.
  • Ramaswamy, Krishna V. ''Technological Change, Automation and Employment: A Short Review of Theory and Evidence''. International Review of Business and Economic, 2/2 (2018).
  • Rinne, Ulf, Paul Marx Werner Eichhorst, ve Johannes Brunner. Promoting Youth Employment during COVID-19: A Review of Policy Responses. Geneva: ILO, 2022.
  • Ro, Christine. ''Companies are Looking to the Post-Covid Future. For Many, the Vision is A Model that Combines Remote Work and Office Time''. BBC Worklife, 31 Ağustos 2020. Erişim 2 Ekim 2022. https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20200824-whythe-future-of-work-might-be-hybrid.
  • Roshgadol, Jacob. ''Quarantine Quality Time: 4 in 5 Parents Say Coronavirus Lockdown Has BroughtFamily Closer Together''. Study Finds, 2020. Erişim 15 Ekim. https://studyfinds.org/quarantine-quality-time-4-in-5-parents-say-coronavirus-lockdown-has-brought-family-closer-together/.
  • Siemens AG. "Siemens to Establish Mobile Working as Core Component of the ‘New Normal’". 16 Temmuz 2020. Erişim 10 Ekim 2022. https://press.siemens.com/global/en/pressrelease/siemens-establish-mobile-working-core-component-new-normal.
  • Stiglitz, Joseph E. ''World Leaders must Unite in Tackling COVID-19''. World Economic Forum and Project Syndicate, 2020.
  • UN. Shared Responsibility, Global Solidarity: Responding to the Socioeconomic Impacts of COVID-19. United Nations Sustainable Development Group, 2020.
  • Vargo, Deedra, Lin Zhu, Briana Benwell, ve Zheng Yan. ''Digital Technology Use during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Review''. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 3/1 (2021):13-24

İşgücü Piyasasında Pandemi Sonrası “Yeni Normal”; Hibrit Çalışma ve İş-Yaşam Dengesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 35, 11 - 27, 01.01.2023
https://doi.org/10.29224/insanveinsan.1189607

Öz

Covid-19 pandemisi işgücü piyasalarında esneklik temelli bir dizi değişikliğe yol açmıştır. Nitekim çalışma hayatının hızlı bir şekilde dijitalleştiği, geleneksel yerinde çalışmanın yerine tamamen uzaktan veya hibrit çalışma modellerinin getirilmesinin tartışıldığı bir dönemde, pandemi bu geçişi kimi işkolları için kolaylaştırmış ve hızlandırmıştır. Ancak her hızlı dönüşüm gibi bu geçiş de bazı sorunları beraberinde getirmiştir. Bunların başında da iş-yaşam dengesinin yeniden kurgulanması ihtiyacı gelmektedir. İş-yaşam dengesi geleneksel çalışma düzeninde bile tam olarak sağlanamamışken, iş yaşamıyla iş dışı yaşamın fiziki ve zamansal sınırlarının daha da bulanıklaştığı hibrit veya tamamen uzaktan çalışma düzeninde bu dengeyi sağlamak daha da güç bir hal almıştır. Üstelik pandeminin bir gün mutlaka tamamen sona ereceği kesinken, pandemi döneminde hızla yaygınlaşan “yeni normal” çalışma düzeninin pandemi öncesi döneme geri dönmesi düşük bir olasılıktır. Bu makale, hibrit ve uzaktan çalışmanın pandemi sonrası dönemde dijital tabanlı işler için daha popüler olacağını, ancak bunun “herkese uyan tek bir çözüm” olmayacağını savunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Acemoglu, Daron ve Pascual Restrepo. Robots and Jobs: Evidence From US Labor Markets. Cambridge: NBER Working Paper Series No. 23285, 2017.
  • Acemoglu, Daron. Unknowns, Challenges and Opportunities in the Time of Covid-19. MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020.
  • Alhas, Ali Murat. ''More “Family Time” Amid Coronavirus Isolation at Home''. Anadolu Agency. 2020. Erişim 10 Ekim 2022. https://www.aa.com.tr/en/lateston-coronavirus-outbreak/morefamily-time-amid-coronavirusisolation-at-home/1812529.
  • Ambrose, Jillian. ''BP to Tell 25,000 Office Staff to Work From Home Two Days A Week''. The Guardian. 2021. Erişim 2 Ekim 2022. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2021/mar/08/bp-to-tell-25000-office-staff-to-work-from-home-two-days-a-week.
  • BBC News. ''Microsoft Makes Remote Work Option Permanent''. BBC. 9 Ekim 2020. Erişim 29 Eylül 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/business–54482245.
  • BBC News. ''Nationwide Tells 13,000 Staff to ‘Work Anywhere’''. BBC. 25 Mart 2021. Erişim 28 Ekim 2022. https://www.bbc.com/news/business–56510574.
  • Birleşmiş Milletler. ''Women Leaders’ Virtual Roundtable on COVID-19 and the Future: Issues Call to Put Women and Girls at the Centre of Response Efforts''. 2020. Erişim 22 Eylül 2022. https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/stories/2020/4/press-releasewomen-leadersvirtual-roundtable-on-covid-19.
  • Brynjolfsson, Erik ve Andrew McAfee. The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. New York: WW Norton & Company, 2014.
  • Carnevale, Joel. B. ve Isabella Hatak. ''Employee Adjustment and Well-Being in the Era of COVID-19: Implications for Human Resource Management''. Journal of Business Research, 116 (2020): 183-187.
  • Causa, Orsetta, Michael Abendschein, Nhung Luu, Emilia Soldani ve Chiara Soriolo. The Post-COVID-19 Rise in Labour Shortages. OECD Economics Department Working Papers No. 1721, 2022.
  • Dauth, Wolfgang, Sebastian Findeisen, Jens Südekum ve Nicole Wößner. German Robots- the Impact of Industrial Robots on Workers. Nuremberg: IAB-Discussion Paper No. 30, 2017.
  • Del Boca, Daniela, Noemi Oggero, Paola Profeta ve Mariacristina Rossi. ''Women’s and Men’s Work, Housework and Childcare, Before and During COVID-19''. Review of Economics of the Household, 18 (2020): 1001-1017.
  • Dingel, Jonathan I. ve Brent Neiman. ''How Many Jobs Can Be Done at Home?''. Journal of Public Economics, 189 (2020).
  • Eichhorst, Werner, Paul Marx, Ulf Rinne, ve Johannes Brunner. Policy Sequences during and after COVID-19: A Review of Labour Market Policy Patterns. Bonn, Germany: IZA Policy Paper No. 186, 2022.
  • Fleurbaey, Marc. We are All in this Together? More than You Think. New York (NY): United Nations, 2020.
  • Forman, Chris, ve Nicolas van Zeebroeck. ''Digital Technology Adoption and Knowledge Flows within Firms: Can the Internet Overcome Geographic and Technological Distance?''. Research Policy, 48/8 (2019).
  • Gadhi, Sridhar. "How Digital Infrastructure Can Help Us through the COVID-19 Crisis". World Economic Forum, 2020. Erişim 15 Ekim 2022. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/04/digital-infrastructure-public-health-crisis-covid-19/
  • Gomez-Salvador, Ramon, ve Michel Soudan. The US Labour Market After the COVID-19 Recession. European Central Bank (ECB), 2022.
  • Hamel, Liz ve Alina Salganicoff. ''Is There a Widening Gender Gap in Coronavirus Stress?''. Kaiser Family Foundation, 2020. Erişim 15 Eylül 2022. https://www.kff.org/policy-watch/is-there-widening-gender-gap-in-coronavirus-stress/.
  • Hartmans, Avery. ''Google Just Delayed Its Office Reopening until September 2021. Here’s How Other Major Silicon Valley Companies are Thinking about the Future of Work". 15 Aralık 2020. Erişim 15 Eylül 2022. https://www.businessinsider.com/siliconvalley-future-of-work-port-coronavirus-apple-amazon-facebook-2020-10?r=US&IR=T.
  • ILO. ''Trade Unions in Transition: What will be their Role in the Future of Work?''. ILO, InfoStories, 2021. Erişim 10 Ekim 2022. https://www.ilo.org/infostories/en-GB/Stories/Labour-Relations/trade-unions#introduction.
  • Kirchmeyer, Catherine. ''Work-Life Initiatives: Greed or Benevolence Regarding Workers’ Time? In Trends in Organizational Behavior''. Time in Organizational Behavior. New York, NY, US : John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2000.
  • Lewis, Helen. ''The Coronavirus is a Disaster for Feminism: Pandemics Affect Men and Women Differently''. The Atlantic. 19 Mart 2020, erişim 28 Ekim 2022, https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2020/03/feminism-womens-rights-coronavirus-covid19/608302/.
  • Lund, Susan, Anu Madgavkar, James Manyika, Sven Smit, Kweilin Ellingrud ve Olivia Robinson. The Future of Work after COVID-19. McKinsey Global Institute, 2021.
  • Mazzuccato, Mariana. ''The Covid-19 Crisis is a Chance to Do Capitalism Differently''. The Guardian, 18 (2020).
  • Melhem, Samia, Maryam Lawal, ve Sajitha Bashir. ''Enhancing Digital Capabilities in A Post-COVID-19 World''. World Bank, 12 Haziran 2020. Erişim 11 Ekim 2022. https://blogs.worldbank.org/digital-development/enhancing-digital-capabilities-postcovid-19-world.
  • Murdoch, Donna, ve Rachel Fichter. ''From Doing Digital to Being Digital: Exploring Workplace Adoption of Technology in the Age of Digital Disruption''. International Journal of Adult Vocational Education and Technology (IJAVET), 8/4 (2017): 13–28.
  • Nizam, Ismail, ve Chrystinne Kam. ''The Determinants of Work-Life Balance in the Event Industry of Malaysia. International Journal of Management''. Accounting and Economics, 5/3 (2018): 141–168.
  • OECD. COVID-19: Protecting People and Societies, Tackling Coronavirus (Covid19) – Contributing to a Global Effort. Paris: Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, 2020.
  • Omay, Umut. ''Covid-19 Salgını Sonrası Çalışma Hayatı: Güncel Sorunlar, Öngörüler ve Öneriler''. Covid-19 Pandemisinin Ekonomik, Toplumsal ve Siyasal Etkileri. Haz., Dilek Demirbaş, Veysel Bozkurt ve Sayım Yorgun. İstanbul: İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınevi, 2020: 153-170.
  • Parkes, Louise P. ve Peter H. Langford. ''Work-Life Balance or Work-Life Alignment? A Test of the Importance of Work-Life Balance for Employee Engagement and Intention to Stay in Organizations''. Journal of Management and Organization, 14/3 (2008): 267–284.
  • Pozzan, Emanuela ve Umberto Cattane. "Women Health Workers: Working Relentlessly in Hospitals and at Home". International Labour Organisation, 2020. Erişim 15 Ekim 2022. https://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/newsroom/news/WCMS_741060/lang--en/index.htm
  • Qian, Yue ve Sylvia Fuller. ''COVID-19 and the Gender Employment Gap Among Parents of Young Children''. Canadian Public Policy, 46/2 (2020): 89–101.
  • Rafferty, Kolja A. "How A Post-Covid 19 Workplace Scenario Looks Like". 23 Haziran 2020. Erişim 8 Ekim 2022. https://blogs.insead.edu/idpn-globalclub/how-a-post-covid-19-workplace-scenario-looks-like/.
  • Ramaswamy, Krishna V. ''Technological Change, Automation and Employment: A Short Review of Theory and Evidence''. International Review of Business and Economic, 2/2 (2018).
  • Rinne, Ulf, Paul Marx Werner Eichhorst, ve Johannes Brunner. Promoting Youth Employment during COVID-19: A Review of Policy Responses. Geneva: ILO, 2022.
  • Ro, Christine. ''Companies are Looking to the Post-Covid Future. For Many, the Vision is A Model that Combines Remote Work and Office Time''. BBC Worklife, 31 Ağustos 2020. Erişim 2 Ekim 2022. https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20200824-whythe-future-of-work-might-be-hybrid.
  • Roshgadol, Jacob. ''Quarantine Quality Time: 4 in 5 Parents Say Coronavirus Lockdown Has BroughtFamily Closer Together''. Study Finds, 2020. Erişim 15 Ekim. https://studyfinds.org/quarantine-quality-time-4-in-5-parents-say-coronavirus-lockdown-has-brought-family-closer-together/.
  • Siemens AG. "Siemens to Establish Mobile Working as Core Component of the ‘New Normal’". 16 Temmuz 2020. Erişim 10 Ekim 2022. https://press.siemens.com/global/en/pressrelease/siemens-establish-mobile-working-core-component-new-normal.
  • Stiglitz, Joseph E. ''World Leaders must Unite in Tackling COVID-19''. World Economic Forum and Project Syndicate, 2020.
  • UN. Shared Responsibility, Global Solidarity: Responding to the Socioeconomic Impacts of COVID-19. United Nations Sustainable Development Group, 2020.
  • Vargo, Deedra, Lin Zhu, Briana Benwell, ve Zheng Yan. ''Digital Technology Use during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Review''. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 3/1 (2021):13-24
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Doğa Başar Sarıipek 0000-0002-3525-5199

Gökçe Cerev 0000-0001-9908-343X

Emine Elif Ayhan 0000-0001-6692-0633

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 35

Kaynak Göster

APA Sarıipek, D. B., Cerev, G., & Ayhan, E. E. (2023). İşgücü Piyasasında Pandemi Sonrası “Yeni Normal”; Hibrit Çalışma ve İş-Yaşam Dengesi. İnsan Ve İnsan, 10(35), 11-27. https://doi.org/10.29224/insanveinsan.1189607
AMA Sarıipek DB, Cerev G, Ayhan EE. İşgücü Piyasasında Pandemi Sonrası “Yeni Normal”; Hibrit Çalışma ve İş-Yaşam Dengesi. İnsan ve İnsan Dergisi. Ocak 2023;10(35):11-27. doi:10.29224/insanveinsan.1189607
Chicago Sarıipek, Doğa Başar, Gökçe Cerev, ve Emine Elif Ayhan. “İşgücü Piyasasında Pandemi Sonrası ‘Yeni Normal’; Hibrit Çalışma Ve İş-Yaşam Dengesi”. İnsan Ve İnsan 10, sy. 35 (Ocak 2023): 11-27. https://doi.org/10.29224/insanveinsan.1189607.
EndNote Sarıipek DB, Cerev G, Ayhan EE (01 Ocak 2023) İşgücü Piyasasında Pandemi Sonrası “Yeni Normal”; Hibrit Çalışma ve İş-Yaşam Dengesi. İnsan ve İnsan 10 35 11–27.
IEEE D. B. Sarıipek, G. Cerev, ve E. E. Ayhan, “İşgücü Piyasasında Pandemi Sonrası ‘Yeni Normal’; Hibrit Çalışma ve İş-Yaşam Dengesi”, İnsan ve İnsan Dergisi, c. 10, sy. 35, ss. 11–27, 2023, doi: 10.29224/insanveinsan.1189607.
ISNAD Sarıipek, Doğa Başar vd. “İşgücü Piyasasında Pandemi Sonrası ‘Yeni Normal’; Hibrit Çalışma Ve İş-Yaşam Dengesi”. İnsan ve İnsan 10/35 (Ocak 2023), 11-27. https://doi.org/10.29224/insanveinsan.1189607.
JAMA Sarıipek DB, Cerev G, Ayhan EE. İşgücü Piyasasında Pandemi Sonrası “Yeni Normal”; Hibrit Çalışma ve İş-Yaşam Dengesi. İnsan ve İnsan Dergisi. 2023;10:11–27.
MLA Sarıipek, Doğa Başar vd. “İşgücü Piyasasında Pandemi Sonrası ‘Yeni Normal’; Hibrit Çalışma Ve İş-Yaşam Dengesi”. İnsan Ve İnsan, c. 10, sy. 35, 2023, ss. 11-27, doi:10.29224/insanveinsan.1189607.
Vancouver Sarıipek DB, Cerev G, Ayhan EE. İşgücü Piyasasında Pandemi Sonrası “Yeni Normal”; Hibrit Çalışma ve İş-Yaşam Dengesi. İnsan ve İnsan Dergisi. 2023;10(35):11-27.