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Parent implemented program for teaching toileting skills for children with developmental disabilities

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 92 - 104, 20.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.20489/intjecse.640348

Öz




Teaching toileting skills are among the most essential educational objectives for children with developmental disabilities; however, there are few investigations of the utility
of various toilet training approaches for children with autism. The purpose of this study
is to determine whether “Program for Supporting Home- and Institution-based Toileting
Skills for Families” enables mothers to acquire the skill of teaching toileting control to
their children and for children to acquire day-time toileting control. The results show
that children attained toileting skills rapidly and consistently throughout the program.
The procedures followed during these activities and the outcomes regarding each participant are discussed. 




Kaynakça

  • Ardıç, A., & Cavkaytar, A. (2014). Effectiveness of the modified intensive toilet training method on teaching toilet skills to children with autism. Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 263-276.
  • Ando, H. (1977). Training autistic children to urinate in the toilet through operant conditioning techniques. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 7, 151–163.
  • Azrin, N. H., Bugle, C., & O’Brien, F. (1971). Behavioral engineering: Two apparatuses for toilet training retarded children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 4, 249–253.
  • Azrin, N. H., & Foxx, R. M. (1971). A rapid method of toilet training the institutionalized retarded. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 4, 89–99.
  • Baker, B. L., & Brightman, A. J. (1997). Steps to independence: Teaching everyday skills to children with special needs (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
  • Bakker, E., Van Gool, J. D., Van Sprundel, M., Van Der Auwera, C., & Wyndaele, J. J. (2002). Results of a questionnaire evaluating the effects of different methods of toilet training on achieving bladder control. BJU international, 90, 456-461.
  • Bainbridge, N., & Myles, B. S. (1999). The use of priming to introduce toilet training to a child with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 14, 106–109.
  • Barone, J. G., Jasutkar, N., & Schneider, D. (2009). Later toilet training is associated with urge incontinence in children. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 5, 458-461. doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2009.05.012
  • Blum, N. J., Taubman, B., & Nemeth, N. (2003). Relationship between age at initiation of toilet training and duration of training: A prospective study. Pediatrics, 111, 810–814.
  • Cicero, F. R., & Pfadt, A. (2002). Investigation of a reinforcement-based toilet training procedure for children with autism. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 23, 319–331.
  • Dalrymple, N. J., & Ruble, L. A. (1992). Toilet training and behaviors of people with autism: Parent views. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 22, 265–275.
  • Dempsey, I. (2005). Legislation, policies and inclusive practices. In P. Foreman (Eds.), Inclusion in action (pp. 35–65). Southbank, Victoria: Thomson.
  • Didden, R., Sikkema, S. P. E., Bosman, I. T. M., Duker, P. C., & Curfs, L. M. G. (2001). Use of a modified Azrin-Foxx toilet training procedure with individuals with Angelman syndrome. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 14, 64-70. doi:10.1046/j.1468-3148.2001.00047.x
  • Doan, D., & Toussaint, K. A. (2017). A parent-oriented approach to rapid toilet training. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 9(2), 473-486.
  • Ellis, N. R. (1963). Toilet training the severely defective patient: An S–R reinforcement analysis. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 68, 98–103.
  • Foxx, R. M., & Azrin, N. H. (1973). Toilet training the retarded: A rapid program for day and nighttime independent toileting. Champaign, IL, US: Research Press.
  • Hanney, N. M., Jostad, C. M., LeBlanc, L. A., Carr, J. E., & Castile, A. J. (2013). Intensive behavioral treatment of urinary incontinence of children with autism spectrum disorders: An archival analysis of procedures and outcomes from an outpatient clinic. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 28(1), 26-31.
  • Hong, E., & Matson, J. L. (2018). Assessment of Toileting Problems. In Handbook of Childhood Psychopathology and Developmental Disabilities Assessment (pp. 453-466). Springer, Cham.
  • Keen, D., Brannigan, K. L., & Cuskelly, M. (2007). Toilet training for children with autism: The effects of video modeling. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 19(4), 291-303.
  • Kircaali-İftar, G., Ülke-Kϋrkҫϋoğlu, B., Ҫetin, Ӧ, & Ünlϋ, E. (2009). Intensive daytime toilet training of two children with autism: Implementing and monitoring systematically guarantees success! International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education, 1, 117-126. Retrieved from http://www.int-jecse.net/
  • Kroeger, K. A., & Sorensen-Burnworth, R. (2009). Toilet training individuals with autism and other developmental disabilities: A critical review. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 3, 607–618.
  • Kroeger, K., & Sorensen, R. (2010). A parent training model for toilet training children with autism. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 54(6), 556-567.
  • Levato, L. E., Aponte, C. A., Wilkins, J., Travis, R., Aiello, R., Zanibbi, K., ... & Mruzek, D. W. (2016). Use of urine alarms in toilet training children with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A review. Research in developmental disabilities, 53, 232-241.
  • LeBlanc, L. A., Carr, J. E., Crossett, S. E., Bennett, C. M., & Detweiler, D. (2005). Intensive outpatient behavioral treatment of primary urinary incontinence of children with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 20, 98–105.
  • Lee, C. Y. Q., Anderson, A., & Moore, D. W. (2014). Using video modeling to toilet train a child with autism. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 26(2), 123-134. Luiselli, J. K. (1994). Toilet training children with sensory impairments in a residential school setting. Behavioral Interventions, 9, 105-114.
  • Macias M. M., Roberts K. M., Saylor C. F., & Fussell J. J.(2006) Toileting concerns, parenting stress, and behaviorproblems in children with special health care needs.Clinical Pediatrics 45,415–22.
  • McLay, L., Carnett, A., van der Meer, L., & Lang, R. (2015). Using a video modeling-based intervention package to toilet train two children with autism. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 27(4), 431-451.
  • Mruzek, D. W., McAleavey, S., Loring, W. A., Butter, E., Smith, T., McDonnell, E., ... & Taylor, C. M. (2017). A pilot investigation of an iOS-based app for toilet training children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism. doi:10.1177/1362361317741741
  • Richards, S. B., Taylor, R. L., & Ramasamy, R. (2014). Single Subject Research: Applications in Educational and Clinical Setting. Australia: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
  • Schum, T. R., Kolb, T. M., McAuliffe, T. L., Simms, M. D., Underhill, R. L., & Lewis, M. (2002). Sequential acquisition of toilet training skills: A descriptive study of gender and age differences innormal children. Pediatrics, 109, E48.
  • Peeters, B., Noens, I., Kuppens, S., & Benninga, M. A. (2016). Toilet training in children with a functional defecation disorder and concomitant symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 26, 91-98.
  • Tsai, L., Stewart, M. A., & August, G. (1981). Implication of sex differences in the familial transmission of infantile autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 11, 165–173.
  • Whiteley, P. (2004). Developmental behavioral and somatic factors in pervasive developmental disorders: Preliminary analysis. Child: Care, Health and Development, 30, 5–11.
  • Williams, G., Oliver, J. M., Allard, A., & Sears, L. (2003). Autism and associated medical and familial factors: A case control study. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 15, 335–349.
  • Wingate, H. V., Falcomata, T. S., & Ferguson, R. (2017). In J. L. Matson (Ed.), Clinical guide to toilet training children (pp. 119–167). Cham: Springer Nature. Yin, Robert K. (2014). Case study research: Design and methods. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
  • Zainal, Z. (2007). Case study as a research method. Jurnal Kemanusiaan, 9, 1-6.
Yıl 2019, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 92 - 104, 20.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.20489/intjecse.640348

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ardıç, A., & Cavkaytar, A. (2014). Effectiveness of the modified intensive toilet training method on teaching toilet skills to children with autism. Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 263-276.
  • Ando, H. (1977). Training autistic children to urinate in the toilet through operant conditioning techniques. Journal of Autism and Childhood Schizophrenia, 7, 151–163.
  • Azrin, N. H., Bugle, C., & O’Brien, F. (1971). Behavioral engineering: Two apparatuses for toilet training retarded children. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 4, 249–253.
  • Azrin, N. H., & Foxx, R. M. (1971). A rapid method of toilet training the institutionalized retarded. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 4, 89–99.
  • Baker, B. L., & Brightman, A. J. (1997). Steps to independence: Teaching everyday skills to children with special needs (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Paul H. Brookes.
  • Bakker, E., Van Gool, J. D., Van Sprundel, M., Van Der Auwera, C., & Wyndaele, J. J. (2002). Results of a questionnaire evaluating the effects of different methods of toilet training on achieving bladder control. BJU international, 90, 456-461.
  • Bainbridge, N., & Myles, B. S. (1999). The use of priming to introduce toilet training to a child with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 14, 106–109.
  • Barone, J. G., Jasutkar, N., & Schneider, D. (2009). Later toilet training is associated with urge incontinence in children. Journal of Pediatric Urology, 5, 458-461. doi:10.1016/j.jpurol.2009.05.012
  • Blum, N. J., Taubman, B., & Nemeth, N. (2003). Relationship between age at initiation of toilet training and duration of training: A prospective study. Pediatrics, 111, 810–814.
  • Cicero, F. R., & Pfadt, A. (2002). Investigation of a reinforcement-based toilet training procedure for children with autism. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 23, 319–331.
  • Dalrymple, N. J., & Ruble, L. A. (1992). Toilet training and behaviors of people with autism: Parent views. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 22, 265–275.
  • Dempsey, I. (2005). Legislation, policies and inclusive practices. In P. Foreman (Eds.), Inclusion in action (pp. 35–65). Southbank, Victoria: Thomson.
  • Didden, R., Sikkema, S. P. E., Bosman, I. T. M., Duker, P. C., & Curfs, L. M. G. (2001). Use of a modified Azrin-Foxx toilet training procedure with individuals with Angelman syndrome. Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 14, 64-70. doi:10.1046/j.1468-3148.2001.00047.x
  • Doan, D., & Toussaint, K. A. (2017). A parent-oriented approach to rapid toilet training. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 9(2), 473-486.
  • Ellis, N. R. (1963). Toilet training the severely defective patient: An S–R reinforcement analysis. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 68, 98–103.
  • Foxx, R. M., & Azrin, N. H. (1973). Toilet training the retarded: A rapid program for day and nighttime independent toileting. Champaign, IL, US: Research Press.
  • Hanney, N. M., Jostad, C. M., LeBlanc, L. A., Carr, J. E., & Castile, A. J. (2013). Intensive behavioral treatment of urinary incontinence of children with autism spectrum disorders: An archival analysis of procedures and outcomes from an outpatient clinic. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 28(1), 26-31.
  • Hong, E., & Matson, J. L. (2018). Assessment of Toileting Problems. In Handbook of Childhood Psychopathology and Developmental Disabilities Assessment (pp. 453-466). Springer, Cham.
  • Keen, D., Brannigan, K. L., & Cuskelly, M. (2007). Toilet training for children with autism: The effects of video modeling. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 19(4), 291-303.
  • Kircaali-İftar, G., Ülke-Kϋrkҫϋoğlu, B., Ҫetin, Ӧ, & Ünlϋ, E. (2009). Intensive daytime toilet training of two children with autism: Implementing and monitoring systematically guarantees success! International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education, 1, 117-126. Retrieved from http://www.int-jecse.net/
  • Kroeger, K. A., & Sorensen-Burnworth, R. (2009). Toilet training individuals with autism and other developmental disabilities: A critical review. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 3, 607–618.
  • Kroeger, K., & Sorensen, R. (2010). A parent training model for toilet training children with autism. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 54(6), 556-567.
  • Levato, L. E., Aponte, C. A., Wilkins, J., Travis, R., Aiello, R., Zanibbi, K., ... & Mruzek, D. W. (2016). Use of urine alarms in toilet training children with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A review. Research in developmental disabilities, 53, 232-241.
  • LeBlanc, L. A., Carr, J. E., Crossett, S. E., Bennett, C. M., & Detweiler, D. (2005). Intensive outpatient behavioral treatment of primary urinary incontinence of children with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 20, 98–105.
  • Lee, C. Y. Q., Anderson, A., & Moore, D. W. (2014). Using video modeling to toilet train a child with autism. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 26(2), 123-134. Luiselli, J. K. (1994). Toilet training children with sensory impairments in a residential school setting. Behavioral Interventions, 9, 105-114.
  • Macias M. M., Roberts K. M., Saylor C. F., & Fussell J. J.(2006) Toileting concerns, parenting stress, and behaviorproblems in children with special health care needs.Clinical Pediatrics 45,415–22.
  • McLay, L., Carnett, A., van der Meer, L., & Lang, R. (2015). Using a video modeling-based intervention package to toilet train two children with autism. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 27(4), 431-451.
  • Mruzek, D. W., McAleavey, S., Loring, W. A., Butter, E., Smith, T., McDonnell, E., ... & Taylor, C. M. (2017). A pilot investigation of an iOS-based app for toilet training children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism. doi:10.1177/1362361317741741
  • Richards, S. B., Taylor, R. L., & Ramasamy, R. (2014). Single Subject Research: Applications in Educational and Clinical Setting. Australia: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
  • Schum, T. R., Kolb, T. M., McAuliffe, T. L., Simms, M. D., Underhill, R. L., & Lewis, M. (2002). Sequential acquisition of toilet training skills: A descriptive study of gender and age differences innormal children. Pediatrics, 109, E48.
  • Peeters, B., Noens, I., Kuppens, S., & Benninga, M. A. (2016). Toilet training in children with a functional defecation disorder and concomitant symptoms of autism spectrum disorder. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 26, 91-98.
  • Tsai, L., Stewart, M. A., & August, G. (1981). Implication of sex differences in the familial transmission of infantile autism. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 11, 165–173.
  • Whiteley, P. (2004). Developmental behavioral and somatic factors in pervasive developmental disorders: Preliminary analysis. Child: Care, Health and Development, 30, 5–11.
  • Williams, G., Oliver, J. M., Allard, A., & Sears, L. (2003). Autism and associated medical and familial factors: A case control study. Journal of Developmental and Physical Disabilities, 15, 335–349.
  • Wingate, H. V., Falcomata, T. S., & Ferguson, R. (2017). In J. L. Matson (Ed.), Clinical guide to toilet training children (pp. 119–167). Cham: Springer Nature. Yin, Robert K. (2014). Case study research: Design and methods. Los Angeles, CA: Sage.
  • Zainal, Z. (2007). Case study as a research method. Jurnal Kemanusiaan, 9, 1-6.
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Emre Unlu 0000-0003-0795-9022

Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Unlu, E. (2019). Parent implemented program for teaching toileting skills for children with developmental disabilities. International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education, 11(2), 92-104. https://doi.org/10.20489/intjecse.640348

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