İran Siyasal Kültüründe Şia: Devrimden Günümüze İran Siyasetinde Şiiliğin Etkisi

The aim of the study is to determine to what extent the understanding of the Shiite sect is determinant on Iran's political culture and therefore on Iran's domestic and foreign policy. The study is based on the assumption that the Iranian Revolution and the understanding of the Shiite sect are decisive on the restructuring of the state and the development of the foreign policy approach. From this point of view, the main argument of the study is that the transformation that Iran experienced after the revolution has developed on the axis of the Shiite understanding. The understanding of the Shiite sect, which started to be institutionalized in Iran since the Safavid State, played a leading role in the social, political and economic development of this country. The understanding of the Shiite sect has been at the center of social and political events such as the Tobacco Protests (1890) and the declaration of the Constitutional Monarchy (1906). As in the historical process, Shiism has emerged as one of the determining variables on Iran's political structure following the revolution. After the revolution, the national identity construction based on Persian symbols during the Pahlavi Dynasty was abandoned, and it was tried to be rebuilt on Shiite rituals and symbols. Therefore, it is possible to say that the understanding of the Shiite sect has been extremely influential in shaping the social, cultural, economic and political life of Iran today.