Towards Household Poverty Reduction in Ghana: The role of Women in the Bongo District of Northern Ghana

Yıl 2015, , 17 - 31, 08.04.2015

Jones Opoku-ware

https://doi.org/10.15869/itobiad.20313

Öz

The roles of women are categorized into three: reproductive, productive or economic, and community management. This study focused on the productive and economic roles women play to reduce poverty at the household level. Both primary and secondary data were used in the study. The primary data involved interview and observation whereas secondary data involved a review of literature from journals, articles, text books and the internet. The sampling
techniques used were simple random sampling and purposive sampling. The study identified farming and trading as the major occupations among women in the Bongo district. Income earnings from these occupations alone by the women could not meet their daily basic needs and the need to cater needs of children and the aged, supporting husbands and avoiding stigmatization of being lazy constitutes major reasons for women engaging in most of the petty economic activities even though it is not rewarded financially.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Economic Role; Household; Poverty; Income; Livelihood; Women.

Gana’da Hane Halkının Fakirliğinde Düşüşe Doğru: Kuzey Gana Eyaleti Bongo’da Kadının Rolü

Öz

Kadının toplumsal hayattaki rolü; neslin devamı, iktisadi üretim ve grup idaresi şeklinde üç alanda tezahür eder. Bu çalışma, kadının ev ekonomisi düzeleminde üretici ve ekonomik rolünün fakirliği düşürdüğü tezi üzerinde odaklanmakta ve hem ilk hem de ikinci elden verileri bu bağlamda kullanmaktadır. İlk elden veriler mülakatlar ve gözlemlerden oluşurken ikincil veriler gazete, makale, internet v.b. kaynaklardan alınmıştır. Kullanılan örneklem teknikleri ise rastgele ve amaçlı tekniklerdir. Bu makale, Bongo bölgesindeki kadınların daha ziyade tarım ve
tiacaret sektörlerinde çalıştıklarını saptamıştır. Kadınların bu alanda çalıştıkları işlerden elde ettikleri gelirler tek başına gündelik temel ihtiyaçlar ile çocukların gereksinimlerini karşılamaktan ziyade eşlerini

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ekonomik Rol; Aile; Fakirlik; Gelir; Geçim; Kadın

Kaynakça

• Aili, M. T. (2000) Women and Politics in Uganda. Fountain Publishers, Kampala.
• Ardayfio-Schandorf, E. (2004) Bridges of Development: A Compendium of Gender and the Ghanaian Family. Woeli Publishing Services, Accra.
• Ardayfio-Schandorf, E. and Kwafo-Akoto, K. (1990) Women in Ghana: An Annotated Bibliography. Woeli Publishing Services, Accra.
• Awumbila, M. (2001) Women and Gender Equality in Ghana: A Situational Analysis. In D. Tsikata (Ed.), Gender Training in Ghana: Politics, Issues and Tools (pp. 33-57). Woeli Publishing Services, Accra.
• Ayikwei, V. K. (2005) The Ghanaian worker: Mouthpiece of the Ghana Trades Union Congress, 28, first Quarter.
• Bongo District Assembly (2006-2009) Medium Term Development Plan: Under the Growth and Poverty Reduction Strategy (GPRS II).
• Dolphyne, F. A. (2000) The Emancipation of Women: An African Perspective. Ghana Universities Press, Accra.
• Ellis, A., Cutura, J., Dione, N., Gillson, I., Manuel, C. & Thongori, J. (2007) Gender and Economic Growth in Kenya: Unleashing the Power of Women. World Bank.
• ILO (2008, April) World of Work: The Magazine of the International Labour Organization (62).
• -
• MOWAC Report (2004) Gender and Children and Early Childhood Development Policies. Modules Publications, Accra, Ghana.
• Murphy, J. L. (1995) Gender Issues in World Bank Lending: A World Bank Operations Evaluation Study, USA.
• Opoku-Yeboah, D. (2006) The Impact of the HIPC Funds and Projects on the Life of Beneficiary Communities in the Cape Coast Municipality, Unpublished Dissertation.
• Owusu, G. and Lund, R. (2005) ‘The Role of Market Women in Rural-Urban Linkages in Ghana: A Case Study of Two District Capitals and their Hinterlands’: Legon Journal of Sociology, 2 (2), June/Dec. 2005.
• Population Reference Bureau (2002) “Women of Our World”. Washington DC, USA.
• World Bank (2005) Mini Atlas of Millennium Development Goals: Building a Better World.