A Critical Analysis of Turkish Environmental Education and Climate Change Curriculum through Posner Curriculum Analysis Model
Öz
In 2023, Türkiye implemented the Environmental Education and Climate Change (EECC) curriculum nationwide. This study examines that curriculum through qualitative document analysis and systematic content analysis of both the EECC framework and its official textbook, drawing on Posner’s (2004) curriculum analysis framework to interrogate written intentions, pedagogical design, and embedded learning opportunities. Core climate change concepts are introduced, alongside an expressed commitment to inquiry-oriented pedagogy. Practice, however, unfolds differently. Climate learning remains predominantly theoretical, with limited opportunities for students to design interventions, test solutions, or evaluate outcomes in authentic environmental contexts. Cognitive development receives sustained attention, yet instruction largely stabilizes lower-order thinking, restricting engagement with uncertainty, trade-offs, and systemic complexity. This produces a discernible gap between curricular aspiration and enacted learning: inquiry is visible in language, but instructional sequences rarely extend beyond information acquisition. Parallel constraints appear in affective and behavioral domains. Emotional engagement, attitude formation, and action competence receive minimal scaffolding, orienting learning toward cognitive compliance rather than climate agency. Although mitigation and adaptation are formally included, emphasis falls mainly on low-impact individual practices, most notably recycling, while collective, civic, and structural forms of engagement remain marginal. Such selectivity narrows the range of responses available to learners. Climate justice and disaster risk reduction also receive limited treatment, reducing opportunities to examine unequal vulnerability and systemic drivers of exposure. Assessment practices reinforce these patterns. While portfolios are present, evaluation relies heavily on conventional formats such as multiple-choice testing, privileging recall over interpretation, creativity, and problem-solving. Assessment therefore functions primarily as content verification rather than as a mechanism for developing adaptive reasoning. Viewed as a whole, the EECC curriculum articulates inquiry-oriented ambitions, yet its internal organization continues to favor conceptual coverage, individualized action, and traditional assessment, constraining students’ encounters with climate change as a socially contested and action-relevant problem.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Climate Change Education, Environmental Education, Curriculum Analysis, Posner, Türkiye
Kaynakça
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